A suspected delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction mediated by anti-Joa.

A 32-year-old African-American woman with a history of sickle cell disease presented for surgical evaluation of left total hip arthroplasty due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head. In anticipation of a complex orthopedic procedure, pre-surgical blood work was ordered. The patient's Fenwal blood sample typed as group O, D+.

Evolution of HLA-B*5703 HIV-1 escape mutations in HLA-B*5703-positive individuals and their transmission recipients.

HLA-B*57 is the class I allele most consistently associated with control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, which may be linked to the specific HIV peptides that this allele presents to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and the resulting efficacy of these cellular immune responses. In two HIV C clade-infected populations in South Africa and Zambia, we sought to elucidate the role of HLA-B*5703 in HIV disease outcome. HLA-B*5703-restricted CTL responses select for escape mutations in three Gag p24 epitopes, in a predictable order.

Transmission of HIV-1 Gag immune escape mutations is associated with reduced viral load in linked recipients.

In a study of 114 epidemiologically linked Zambian transmission pairs, we evaluated the impact of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I)-associated amino acid polymorphisms, presumed to reflect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) escape in Gag and Nef of the virus transmitted from the chronically infected donor, on the plasma viral load (VL) in matched recipients 6 mo after infection. CTL escape mutations in Gag and Nef were seen in the donors, which were subsequently transmitted to recipients, largely unchanged soon after infection. We observed a significant correlation between the number of Gag escape mutations targeted by specific HLA-B allele-restricted CTLs and reduced VLs in the recipients.

Complete genome sequence of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum deltaH: functional analysis and comparative genomics.

The complete 1,751,377-bp sequence of the genome of the thermophilic archaeon Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum deltaH has been determined by a whole-genome shotgun sequencing approach. A total of 1,855 open reading frames (ORFs) have been identified that appear to encode polypeptides, 844 (46%) of which have been assigned putative functions based on their similarities to database sequences with assigned functions. A total of 514 (28%) of the ORF-encoded polypeptides are related to sequences with unknown functions, and 496 (27%) have little or no homology to sequences in public databases.

Recombinant human TNF-alpha stimulates the secretion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in vivo.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a macrophage-derived cytokine that causes hemorrhagic necrosis of several human tumors in vitro. It has a wide range of biologic effects including stimulation of secretion of both granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by normal adult lung fibroblasts in culture. No in vivo data are available on the effect of exogenously administered TNF on cytokine production.

Biochemical pharmacology of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in malignant human hematopoietic cell lines and therapeutic effects of 2-bromodeoxyadenosine in drug combinations in mice.

Growth of human hematopoietic cell lines showed a 100-fold range of sensitivity to inhibition by 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CldAdo), with highly sensitive lines in all three groups: T-lymphoblastic, B-lymphoblastic, and non-T, non-B. Formation of nucleotides from [8-3H]CldAdo was investigated in ten lines. In cells exposed to 0.