Exposure to green space and leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number in children and adolescents.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is vulnerable to environmental exposure and is related to various diseases. However, the relationship of green space exposure with mtDNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is not yet well clarified. In this study, we sought to explore how green space exposure influences mtDNAcn in children and adolescents.

Cord serum metabolomic profiling associated with in utero exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and birthweight discordance in twins: Findings from Wuhan Twin Birth Cohort.

Emerging evidence links per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and metabolic disruptions to fetal growth retardation. However, earlier studies on singletons couldn't fully account for genetic factors. Therefore, we used a co-twin control study design to identify cord metabolomic signatures of PFAS exposure and assess its mediating role in twin birthweight discordance.

iGlarLixi provides improved early glycaemic control after 12 weeks of treatment compared with basal insulin in Asian people with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the LixiLan-O-AP and LixiLan-L-CN studies.

Aims: To evaluate early glycaemic control (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] < 7.0% [<53.0 mmol/mol], fasting plasma glucose [FPG] ≤ 7.

A supramolecular FRET signal amplification nanoprobe for high contrast and synchronous imaging of cell surface receptor homodimers/heterodimers.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) homodimers and heterodimers play significant roles in a variety of tumors, but current imaging probes remain problematic due to restricted contrast and sensitivity. Thus, we have developed aptamer-mediated activated conformational transitions to target the EGFR and HER2. Furthermore, based on signal amplification techniques, especially the FRET fluorescence enhancement properties of poly-β-CD, supramolecular FRET signal amplification nanoprobes were constructed to improve imaging contrast and sensitivity.

H4K12 lactylation potentiates mitochondrial oxidative stress via the Foxo1 pathway in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment.

Aims: To investigate the role and potential mechanisms of H4K12 lactylation modifications in diabetes-related cognitive impairment (DACD).

Methods: Behavioral tests, HE staining, and immunohistochemistry were employed to assess cognitive function and the extent of brain tissue injury. Metabolomics and proteomics were applied to profile the metabolic regulatory network.

Transcriptomics and proteomics characterizing the antioxidant mechanisms of semaglutide in diabetic mice with cognitive impairment.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of semaglutide in diabetes‑associated cognitive decline (DACD), while also exploring the underlying mechanisms targeting anti‑oxidative effects. The present study evaluated the antioxidant properties of semaglutide using a DACD model of inflammation. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, omics technologies were employed.

Wheat Leaf Rust Effector Pt48115 Localized in the Chloroplasts and Suppressed Wheat Immunity.

Wheat leaf rust caused by () is a prevalent disease worldwide, seriously threatening wheat production. acquires nutrients from host cells via haustoria and secretes effector proteins to modify and regulate the expression of host disease resistance genes, thereby facilitating pathogen growth and reproduction. The study of effector proteins is of great significance for clarifying the pathogenic mechanisms of and effective control of leaf rust.

The association between type 2 diabetes and asthma incidence: a longitudinal analysis considering genetic susceptibility.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and asthma is rising, yet evidence regarding the relationship between T2D and asthma, particularly in the context of genetic predispositions, remains limited.

Methods: This study utilized data from the UK Biobank longitudinal cohort, involving 388,775 participants. A polygenic risk score (PRS) for asthma was derived from genome-wide association studies summary.

Exposure to multiple metals and leukocyte telomere length in children and adolescents: The mediating effect of thyroid hormones.

Exposure to metals has been related to alterations in leukocyte telomere length (LTL), an aging marker. However, the evidence regarding this relationship in children and adolescents, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the individual and mixture effects of metals on LTL in children and adolescents and to assess the mediating role of thyroid hormones and the modifying effect of a healthy lifestyle.

Association between multiple metals exposure and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among Chinese adults.

Background: Previous research has investigated the hepatotoxicity of single metal exposure. However, there is limited evidence about metal mixture and their association with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), particularly in the Chinese population.

Objective: To investigate the individual and combine effects of 20 metals on MAFLD in a large population in China.

Reproductive factors and biological aging: the association with all-cause and cause-specific premature mortality.

Study Question: Are reproductive factors associated with biological aging, and does biological aging mediate the associations of reproductive factors with premature mortality?

Summary Answer: Multiple reproductive factors are related to phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAge-Accel), while adherence to a healthy lifestyle mitigates these harmful effects; PhenoAge-Accel mediated the associations between reproductive factors and premature mortality.

What Is Known Already: Accelerated aging is a key contributor to mortality, but knowledge about the effect of reproductive factors on aging is limited.

Study Design, Size, Duration: This prospective cohort study included 223 729 women aged 40-69 years from the UK biobank in 2006-2010 and followed up until 12 November 2021.

Association between multiple metal exposure and bone mineral density among Chinese adults.

Previous studies about metal exposures and bone mineral density (BMD) have mainly focused on individual metals. The objective of this study was to explore the association of single and multiple metal exposures with BMD among Chinese adults. We recruited 2922 participants from Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China.

The association of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls exposure with dyslipidemia and blood lipids: The mediating effect of white blood cell counts.

Epidemiological evidence regarding the associations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with lipid metabolism and its potential biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. We intended to explore the associations of OCPs and PCBs with dyslipidemia and blood lipid levels, and further evaluate the mediating role of total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts. We measured the blood lipid levels, the concentration of OCPs/PCBs and WBC counts in serum among 2036 adults in Wuhan city, China.

Engineering aptamers to enhance their interaction with protein target for selective inhibition of cell surface receptors.

Cell surface receptors play a key role in intracellular signaling, and their overexpression and activation are among the drivers of multiple diseases. Selective inhibition of cell surface receptors is important for regulating intracellular signaling pathways and cell behavior. Here, we design engineered aptamers to selectively inhibit receptor function.

Lifestyle, air pollution, and risk of multimorbidity in a prospective analysis of the UK Biobank cohort.

Background: Although associations between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and lifestyle factors or air pollution factors (referred as LAFs below) are well-established, it is unclear the influences of LAFs on the trajectory of IHD and COPD multimorbidity (referred as ICM below). Therefore, this study investigated the influences of LAFs on the trajectory of ICM from healthy to IHD or COPD, to ICM, and to all-cause death.

Methods: A cohort of 339,213 participants from the UK Biobank aged 37-73 who were free of IHD and COPD were included.

Association between organophosphate esters individual and mixed exposure with the risk of hyperlipidemia and serum lipid levels among adults in Wuhan, China.

Toxicologic studies reported that organophosphate esters (OPEs) may disrupt lipid metabolism, thus affecting serum lipid levels. However, epidemiological evidence regarding the association between OPEs and the risk of hyperlipidemia (HPL) as well as serum lipid levels is scarce. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the impact of individual and mixed OPE exposure on HPL.

Individual and joint effects of organophosphate esters and hypertension or diabetes on renal injury among Chinese adults.

Exposure to environmental contaminants and the development of hypertension and diabetes represent crucial risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Toxicological studies have revealed that organophosphate esters (OPEs) impair kidney function. However, the joint effects of OPE exposure on kidney injury and the interactions of OPE exposure with hypertension or diabetes on kidney injury remain unclear.

Associations of exposure to organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls with chronic kidney disease among adults: the modifying effects of lifestyle.

Exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been reported to be associated with renal impairment and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, the research results thus far have exhibited inconsistency, and the effect of lifestyle on their association is not clear. In this study, we assessed the correlation between serum OCPs/PCBs and CKD and renal function indicators including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) among 1721 Chinese adults.

Reproductive factors, genetic susceptibility and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: To explore the relationships of multiple reproductive factors with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk and the joint effects of reproductive factors and genetic susceptibility.

Methods: We included 262,368 women without prevalent T2DM from the UK biobank. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to estimate the relationships of reproductive factors with T2DM risk and the joint effects of reproductive factors and genetic susceptibility.

Ribosomal Incorporation of Lithocholic Acid into Peptides for the Discovery Of Peptide-Lithocholic Acid Hybrid Macrocyclic Peptides.

Peptide-bile acid hybrids offer promising drug candidates due to enhanced pharmacological properties, such as improved protease resistance and oral bioavailability. However, it remains unknown whether bile acids can be incorporated into peptide chains by the ribosome to produce a peptide-bile acid hybrid macrocyclic peptide library for target-based screening. In this study, we achieved the ribosomal incorporation of lithocholic acid (LCA)-d-tyrosine into peptide chains.

Validation of a Blood-Based Protein Biomarker Panel for a Risk Assessment of Lethal Lung Cancer in the Physicians' Health Study.

This study aimed to assess a four-marker protein panel (4MP)'s performance, including the precursor form of surfactant protein B, cancer antigen 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cytokeratin-19, for predicting lung cancer in a cohort enriched with never- and ever-smokers. Blinded pre-diagnostic plasma samples collected within 2 years prior to a lung cancer diagnosis from 25 cases and 100 sex-, age-, and smoking-matched controls were obtained from the Physicians' Health Study (PHS). The 4MP yielded AUC performance estimates of 0.

Association of exposure to multiple metals with hemoglobin levels in Chinese children and adolescents.

Background: Previous studies have linked single metal to hemoglobin levels in children and adolescents; however, studies with regards to metal mixtures are still limited.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of single metal and metal mixtures with hemoglobin levels in children and adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2064 children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years in Liuzhou, China in 2018.

Association between essential metals, adherence to healthy lifestyle behavior, and ankle-brachial index.

Background: Ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a noninvasive diagnostic method for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and a predictor of cardiovascular events.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the association between individual or combined essential metals and ABI, as well as assess the collective impact of essential metals when coupled with healthy lifestyle on ABI.

Methods: A total of 2865 participants were recruited in Wuhan Tongji Hospital between August 2018 and March 2019.

Association between hemoglobin A1c trajectory during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes among non-gestational diabetic women.

Aims: Previous studies have shown that higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels within the normal range during pregnancy can increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. However, the effects of the longitudinal HbA1c trajectory during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes among non-gestational diabetic women are poorly characterized. We aimed to identify HbA1c trajectory during pregnancy among non-gestational diabetic women and to estimate their associations with adverse birth outcomes.