Parental Desensitization to Gun Violence in PG-13 Movies.

Unlabelled: : media-1vid110.1542/5745216462001PEDS-VA_2017-3491 OBJECTIVE: To assess effects of justified versus unjustified screen violence on parents' willingness to allow children to view films that contain extensive gun violence.

Methods: A national US sample of 610 parents with at least 1 child between ages 6 and 17 was randomly assigned to view a series of four 90-second video clips from popular films depicting violent gun use under either justified or unjustified conditions.

Processing the papal encyclical through perceptual filters: Pope Francis, identity-protective cognition, and climate change concern.

Previous research suggests that when individuals encounter new information, they interpret it through perceptual 'filters' of prior beliefs, relevant social identities, and messenger credibility. In short, evaluations are not based solely on message accuracy, but also on the extent to which the message and messenger are amenable to the values of one's social groups. Here, we use the release of Pope Francis's 2015 encyclical as the context for a natural experiment to examine the role of prior values in climate change cognition.

Do Sex and Violence Sell? A Meta-Analytic Review of the Effects of Sexual and Violent Media and Ad Content on Memory, Attitudes, and Buying Intentions.

It is commonly assumed that sex and violence sell. However, we predicted that sex and violence would have the opposite effect. We based our predictions on the evolution and emotional arousal theoretical framework, which states that people are evolutionarily predisposed to attend to emotionally arousing cues such as sex and violence.

Evaluation of active bleeding into hematomas by technetium-99m red blood cell scintigraphy before angiography.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of technetium-99m red blood cell (Tc-99m RBC) scintigraphy in the diagnosis of active hemorrhage into large intra-abdominal hematomas before arteriography.

Methods: This retrospective case series describes four patients (1 man and 3 women) with large abdominal wall and retroperitoneal hematomas confirmed by computed tomography who underwent Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy before angiography. Arterial transcatheter embolization was performed if active hemorrhage was found.

Cinematic nuclear scintigraphy reliably directs surgical intervention for patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.

Hypothesis: Cinematic technetium Tc 99m red blood cell ((99m)Tc-RBC) scans, in which real-time scanning is performed and analyzed, can accurately localize gastrointestinal bleeding and thus direct selective surgical intervention.

Design: Retrospective medical record review with historical controls.

Setting: Large, university-affiliated public hospital in urban setting.

Value of single photon emission computerized imaging in the treatment of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of regional cerebral blood flow by single photon emission computerized imaging (SPECT) in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Method: Eighty-four patients were included in this study; 74 were undergoing CEA. All 74 operative cases had SPECT scans before and after surgery.

Feasibility of Meckel's scan after RBC gastrointestinal bleeding study using in-vitro labeling technique.

The authors report a successful Meckel's scan performed 26 hours after a labeled RBC study using a commercial in-vitro labeling kit, UltraTag (Mallinckrodt Medical, Inc., St. Louis, MO).

Technetium-99m-MDP uptake in thyroid cartilage in invasive squamous-cell laryngeal carcinoma.

A 36-yr-old male with a past history of invasive squamous-cell carcinoma of the larynx underwent 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy for the evaluation of lower back pain. The scan findings were unremarkable except for markedly and uniformly increased tracer uptake in the region of the thyroid cartilage, suggesting calcification and/or tumor invasion. Confirmation of significant pathology was obtained on tissue examination from a subsequent total laryngectomy demonstrating inflammatory infiltration and perichondrial invasion of the thyroid cartilage by carcinoma.

A count-based radionuclide method for volume quantitation using conjugate imaging and an external reference source: theoretical consideration and phantom study.

Unlabelled: A count-based method was developed for ventricular volume determination during multigated equilibrium cardiac blood-pool imaging (MUGA).

Methods: Two sets of conjugate images of the volume were obtained, one with an external reference overlying the volume and the other without. The reference has known activity and dimension.

Work force problems in nuclear medicine and possible solutions.

Nuclear medicine practice and work force demographics reflect the historically diverse evolution of this specialty. The most pressing problem for nuclear medicine is a projected shortage of fully trained physicians due to practitioner retirement that is unmatched by residency program output. During the past decade the number of 2-year nuclear medicine residency programs (average of 90) and the total number of residents (average of 191 in both years) have remained remarkably stable.

Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial imaging at rest for evaluation of cocaine-induced myocardial ischemia and infarction.

Many clinical cases of cocaine-induced myocardial infarction have been reported in the literature. Of the reported cases, patients tend to be young (in the third decade of life), chronic abusers with myocardial infarction typically involving the anterior left ventricular wall. This case report demonstrates the usefulness of two-phase (symptomatic and asymptomatic) Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial imaging at rest for definitive diagnosis of cocaine-induced myocardial ischemia and infarction.

Asymptomatic total hip prosthesis: natural history determined using Tc-99m MDP bone scans.

A prospective study was performed with 97 patients who had undergone total hip replacement surgery and who were not experiencing pain or other symptoms or problems. The study was intended to determine the normal postoperative appearance of radionuclide scans of the hip following administration of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate. Five areas of the prostheses were evaluated.

Localization of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Experience with red blood cells labeled in vitro with technetium Tc 99m.

Seventy-six patients clinically suspected of having lower gastrointestinal bleeding were studied by scintigraphy utilizing red blood cells labeled in vitro with technetium Tc 99m. Sixteen patients required emergency surgery; bleeding was accurately localized in 15 (94%). One patient (6%) had a normal scan.

Bromine-82 contamination in fission product 99mTc-generator eluate.

Following receipt of fission product 99mTc-generators, results of radionuclide purity analysis, performed within 30 min after the first elution, demonstrated detectable levels of a contaminate radionuclide not previously reported. Gamma spectroscopy and half-life determinations confirmed the presence of 82Br. Bromine-82 activity, in eluates from the first elution of 30 generators, received weekly during a 7-month period, ranged from 0.

Scintigraphy of gastrointestinal hemorrhage: superiority of 99mTc red blood cells over 99mTc sulfur colloid.

The relative efficacy of 99mTc sulfur colloid and in vitro-labeled 99mTc red blood cells in detecting and localizing gastrointestinal hemorrhage was evaluated in a prospective tandem study of 100 patients referred for suspicion of gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Thirty-eight true-positive scintigrams were obtained with 99mTc red blood cells, whereas 99mTc sulfur colloid detected only five sites of hemorrhage. Scintigraphic findings were corroborated by clinical, endoscopic, arteriographic, and surgical findings.

Radionuclide evaluation of lung trauma.

Nuclear medicine imaging procedures can play a significant role in evaluating the pulmonary complications that are seen in trauma patients. A quantitative method for measuring increased pulmonary capillary permeability that uses Tc-99m HSA allows early diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and accurately differentiates this condition from pneumonia or cardiogenic pulmonary edema. This technique may be of great value in following the response to therapy.

Increased left ventricular ejection fraction after a meal: potential source of error in performance of radionuclide angiography.

The effect of a standardized meal on left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was determined by equilibrium radionuclide angiography in 16 patients with stable congestive heart failure but without pulmonary or valvular heart disease. LVEF was determined in the fasting state and 15, 30, and 45 minutes after a meal. Patients with moderately depressed fasting LVEF (30 to 50%), Group I, had a mean increase of 6.

Scintigraphic detection of occult hemorrhage using RBCs labeled in vitro with technetium Tc 99m sodium pertechnetate.

Scintigraphy with RBCs labeled with technetium Tc 99m sodium pertechnetate effectively located the source of hemorrhage in a patient receiving long-term anticoagulant therapy. (The patient was initially seen with a large hematoma on the flank.) More important, the procedure was used to monitor activity in this otherwise-occult bleeding site.