Expression of Metallothionein I/II and Ki-67 Antigen in Graves' Disease.

Background/aim: The expression of metallothionein I/II (MT-I/II) was examined in thyroids of Graves' disease (GD) and nodular goiter (NG) patients to determine its role as a potential marker of proliferation and autoimmune inflammation in the thyroid.

Patients And Methods: MT-I/II and Ki-67 antigen expression was studied using immunohistochemistry in 72 GD and 24 NG patients.

Results: MT-I/II expression was noted in the cytoplasm and nuclei of thyrocytes of GD and NG patients.

Diagnostics of Thyroid Malignancy and Indications for Surgery in the Elderly and Younger Counterparts: Comparison of 3,749 Patients.

Background: It seems valuable for clinicians to know if diagnostics of thyroid malignancy (TM) and indications for surgery in the elderly patients differ from these in younger counterparts.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of 3,749 patients surgically treated for thyroid tumor. Data of patients with histopathology confirmed TM ( = 309) were studied.

Should the Prevalence of Incidental Thyroid Cancer Determine the Extent of Surgery in Multinodular Goiter?

Background: The most appropriate surgical procedure for multinodular goiter (MNG) remains under debate. Incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) is often identified on histopathological examination after thyroidectomy performed for presumed benign MNG.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to determine the value of radical surgery for MNG patients considering the prevalence of ITC diagnosed postoperatively.

Incidental and non-incidental thyroid microcarcinoma.

There is no clear therapeutic approach for thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC). This may be as a consequence of recent observations that have reported biologically different types of TMC, which should be treated differently. The objective of the present study was to compare incidental TMC (ITMC) and non-incidental TMC (NITMC) in order to assess the differences in the incidence, diagnostic results, clinicopathological characteristics and surgical treatment.

Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy as a Preoperative Procedure in Patients with Malignancy in Solitary and Multiple Thyroid Nodules.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a recognized technique for the basic, preoperative cytological diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Aim Of The Study: To analyze the accuracy of FNAB in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with solitary and multiple thyroid nodules and to compare the demographic, clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with thyroid carcinoma in solitary and multiple tumors.

Materials And Methods: The case records of 2,403 patients with solitary and multiple thyroid tumors treated consecutively between 2008 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.

[The extensive phlegmon of the neck leading to severe complications - a case report].

Purulent infection of the neck is a serious condition, which can occur at any age and regardless of any factors. It often leads to the serious complications, including death. A case report.

Parathyroid adenoma diagnosed on the basis of a giant cell tumor of parieto-occipital region and multifocal bone injuries.

Brown tumors are rare skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism (HPT) that may mimic cancer metastases. Histopathologically, they are difficult to differentiate from other giant cell lesions. A case is presented of 41-year-old woman with giant cell tumor in parieto-occipital region with injury of external bone lamina, growing into the skull cavity.

Thyroidectomy in children: changing trends and surgical strategies.

Background: Surgical thyroid pathology is an uncommon problem in children and due to environmental factors may be locally-specific. Until the mid-90's, Lower Silesia had been regarded as a region of endemic goiter but since then a better system of iodine prophylaxis has been introduced.

Objectives: To assess changing trends in the epidemiology of surgical thyroid diseases in children and to examine whether they have influenced potential alterations of operative strategies during the study period.

Safety and current achievements in thyroid surgery with neuromonitoring.

One of the most important complications during thyroid surgery is injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) which leads to dysfunction and palsy of the vocal folds. Adequate knowledge about the location of the RLN supported by neuromonitoring can help the operating surgeon to prevent this complication. Visualisation of the nerve alone seems to not be enough.

The prognostic value of fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland - analysis of results of 1078 patients.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the diagnosis of pathologic lesions.

Methods: Data from 1 078 consecutive patients (female : male ratio, 9:1) who underwent thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had preoperative thyroid FNAB.

A novel p.E311K mutation of thyroid receptor beta gene in resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome, inherited in autosomal recessive trait.

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) syndrome is caused by mutations in THRB gene and is inherited mainly as an autosomal dominant trait with dominant negative effect. Most of up-to-now described RTH cases were heterozygous. We studied a 19-year-old woman presenting severe mental impairment, hyperkinetic behavior, learning disability, hearing loss, tachycardia, goiter, strabismus, nystagmus, and normal stature.

The evaluation of diagnostic value of the tumor markers: CCSA-2 and CEA in colorectal cancer.

Unlabelled: Finding the biomarker or biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity in colorectal cancer, and thus a high diagnostic value will determine their clinical usefulness in clinical practice. An effective noninvasive blood test would be an ideal method to detect colorectal cancer. Discovered in 2007 a novel tumor marker CCSA-2 showes a promising results in patients with colorectal cancer.

Neuroendocrine tumours--analysis of own material--a nine--year retrospective study.

Background/aims: Neuroendocrine tumours are fairly rare neoplasms that require different treatments and have various prognoses. The aim of this study was to present the author's observations of the histological tumor types, occurrence and its surgical treatment.

Methodology: Thirty-five cases of neuroendocrine tumours were studied retrospectively in a 9-year period.

Retroperitoneal tumours--analysis of own clinical material--a six-year retrospective study.

Background/aims: Primary retroperitoneal tumours and retroperitoneal organs' tumours represent a variety of lesions that require different treatments and have various prognoses. The aim of this study was to present the author's observations of the histological tumors types occurrence and their surgical treatment.

Methodology: One hundred twenty-three cases of retroperitoneal tumours were studied retrospectively in a 6-year period.

[SNP polymorphism of LGALS3BP gene in patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumours].

Introduction: The aim of the study was estimation of occurrence of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) sites in LGALS3BP gene in patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumors and analysis of correlation between their frequency and the histological type of thyroid lesions.

Material And Methods: The studied group consisted of 58 patients, 24 with papillary thyroid carcinomas, 19 with nodular goiters and 15 with follicular adenomas. Control group included 180 healthy volunteers.

[Analysis of expression of LGALS3BP gene in thyroid tissues and peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with papillary thyroid cancer].

Introduction: Galectin-3 (Gal-3), coding by LGALS3BP gene, is a protein of the lectin family that has been associated with neoplastic processes and seems to play an important role in a variety of cell biological processes. In the thyroid gland, the high expression of this protein has been described in differentiated carcinomas, especially in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Aim: Analysis of Gal-3 protein expression in PTC and nodular goiters; investigation of Gal-3 mRNA expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in patients with PTC and nodular goiter; analysis of correlation between Gal-3 protein expression in PTC and Gal-3 mRNA in PBL of the same patient.

[Three dimensional spiral computed tomography imaging in preop diagnosis of substernal goiter (preliminary study)].

The aim of the study was the estimation of substernal goiter by use of three-dimensional spiral computed tomography (3-D sCT) with the contrast agent. The size and anatomy of goiter as well as its relation to surrounding tissues, particularly blood vessels was evaluated. The examination allowed good visualization of both inferior thyroid arteries.

Microsatellite instability in thyroid papillary carcinoma and multinodular hyperplasia.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular landmark of mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. The impaired efficiency of DNA repair mechanisms promotes carcinogenesis as well as contributes to tumour progression. Until now, only few studies on MSI in thyroid tumours have been published.

Nodular goiter and thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents in a moderate endemic area (lower Silesia-Sudeten endemia) in the last twelve years.

Although thyroid carcinoma is more common in the adult population, the risk of a nodule being malignant is greater in children. The aim of our present investigation was to ascertain the percentage of malignancy in nodular goiter observed in patients from the Lower Silesia region in the last 12 years. The examination included 60 children (12 boys and 48 girls) treated in our clinic from 1987 to June 1998.

[Acute respiratory failure in the course of thyroid disease].

During the past 10 years, we have treated 11 patients who were admitted with acute respiratory failure due to goiter. Multinodular goiter was examined in four patients, one patient suffered from Graves disease and six patients had malignant thyroid lesions. Four patients required emergency intubation and in two cases we performed tracheostomy because of significant narrowing of trachea lumen.

[Personal observations for diagnosis and radical surgical treatment of thyroid neoplasms].

Among 59 patients with thyroid cancer, we have analysed the diagnostic procedures as: ultra sonography, scintiscan, fine needle aspiration biopsy, intraoperative frozen section examination and extent of surgery. The cancer was often overlooked in patients with multinodular goitre. We suggest to perform total lobectomy on side with greater changes and subtotal lobectomy on the other side of thyroid gland, in patients with multinodular goitre.

[Concurrent goiter and vitiligo in a 13-year old boy].

The coincidence of goitre and vitiligo in 13-year-old boy is reported. Skin changes appeared two years before the thyroid disease was diagnosed. Immunological investigation revealed the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies, which may suggest an autoaggressive etiology of both disorders.

Acute bilateral vocal fold paresis as a symptom of benign thyroid disease.

A case of bilateral laryngeal nerve paralysis caused by a small goitre is reported. After thyroidectomy the return of vocal fold movements was observed. A review of the literature is presented.