Assessment and Application of the Hear Score in Remote Emergency Medicine Outposts in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

. In emergency departments, chest pain is a common concern, highlighting the critical importance of distinguishing between acute coronary syndrome and other potential causes. Our research aimed to introduce and implement the HEAR score, specifically, in remote emergency outposts in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Comparative polyphenolic profiling of five ethnomedicinal plants and their applicative potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The medicinal plants Salvia officinalis, Trifolium pratense, Agrimonia eupatoria, Cichorium intybus and Vinca minor are traditionally used for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, including diabetes.

Aim Of The Study: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common diseases nowadays, often accompanied by oxidative stress and microbial infections. The aim of our work was to examine the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of ethanol extracts of five medicinal plants for the purpose of their possible use in the treatment of T2D.

SGLT-2 Inhibitors: The Next-generation Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a worldwide concern in recent years, primarily in highly developed Western societies. T2DM causes systemic complications, such as atherosclerotic heart disease, ischemic stroke, peripheral artery disease, kidney failure, and diabetes-related maculopathy and retinopathy. The growing number of T2DM patients and the treatment of long-term T2DM-related complications pressurize and exhaust public healthcare systems.

New Insights into the Fouling of a Membrane during the Ultrafiltration of Complex Organic-Inorganic Feed Water.

This paper presents an analysis of the fouling of a ceramic membrane by a mixture containing high concentrations of humic acid and colloidal silica during cross-flow ultrafiltration under various operating conditions. Two types of feed water were tested: feed water containing humic acid and feed water containing a mixture of humic acid and colloidal silica. The colloidal silica exacerbated the fouling, yielding lower fluxes (109-394 L m h) compared to the humic acid feed water (205-850 L m h), while the retentions were higher except for the highest cross-flow rate.

Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis for Multi-Response Optimization of Bacteria Flocculation Recovery from Fermented Broth by Chitosan to Enhance Biocontrol Efficiency.

Degradation of environment is a challenge to crop production around the world. Biological control of various plant diseases using antagonistic bacteria is an encouraging alternative to traditionally used chemical control strategies. Chitosan as a well-known natural flocculation agent also exhibits antimicrobial activity.

Kenics Static Mixer Combined with Gas Sparging for the Improvement of Cross-Flow Microfiltration: Modeling and Optimization.

The use of membrane filtration as a downstream process for microbial biomass harvesting is hampered due to the low permeate flux values achieved during the microfiltration of fermentation broths. Several hydrodynamic methods for increasing permeate flux by creating turbulent flow patterns inside the membrane module are used to overcome this problem. The main goal of this study was to investigate the combined use of a Kenics static mixer and gas sparging during cross-flow microfiltration of IP22 cultivation broth.

GLI-1 polymorphisms of Hedgehog pathway as novel risk and prognostic biomarkers in melanoma patients.

In adult organisms, deregulation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is significantly correlated with different malignancies. Currently, data associating genetic polymorphisms in the SHH pathway with melanoma are scarce and largely unknown. The objective of our study was to elucidate an association between gene polymorphisms in the SHH pathway and prognosis of melanoma skin cancer patients.

Seed dispersal by wind decreases when plants are water-stressed, potentially counteracting species coexistence and niche evolution.

Hydrology is a major environmental factor determining plant fitness, and hydrological niche segregation (HNS) has been widely used to explain species coexistence. Nevertheless, the distribution of plant species along hydrological gradients does not only depend on their hydrological niches but also depend on their seed dispersal, with dispersal either weakening or reinforcing the effects of HNS on coexistence. However, it is poorly understood how seed dispersal responds to hydrological conditions.

Measuring Cell-Edge Protrusion Dynamics during Spreading using Live-Cell Microscopy.

The development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms rely on coordinated regulation of cell migration. Cell migration is an essential event in the construction and regeneration of tissues, and is critical in embryonic development, immunological responses, and wound healing. Dysregulation of cell motility contributes to pathological disorders, such as chronic inflammation and cancer metastasis.

Modeling and Optimization of Gas Sparging-Assisted Bacterial Cultivation Broth Microfiltration by Response Surface Methodology and Genetic Algorithm.

Production of highly efficient biomass-based microbial biopesticides significantly depends on downstream processing in terms of obtaining as high concentration of viable cells as possible. Microfiltration is one of the recommended operations for microbial biomass separation, but its main limitation is permeate flux decrease due to the membrane fouling. The effect of air sparging as a hydrodynamic technique for improvement of permeate flux during microfiltration of cultivation broth was investigated.

Pyk2 regulates cell-edge protrusion dynamics by interacting with Crk.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is well established as a regulator of cell migration, but whether and how the closely related proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) regulates fibroblast motility is still under debate. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Pyk2 mice, we show here, for the first time, that lack of Pyk2 significantly impairs both random and directed fibroblast motility. Pyk2 MEFs show reduced cell-edge protrusion dynamics, which is dependent on both the kinase and protein-protein binding activities of Pyk2.

Modulations of the antioxidants defence system in two maize hybrids during flooding stress.

Flooding stress nowadays is one of the major stressors for plants under climate change. This kind of stress may cause severe depression of the plant's growth through inhibition of photosynthesis and oxidative cell damage as well as changes in cell respiration. The present work aimed to study the effect of flooding stress on oxidative and antioxidative parameters in leaves of two maize hybrids (ZP 555 and ZP 606).

Short-term effects of NTI-tss and Michigan splint on nocturnal jaw muscle activity: A pilot study.

Objectives: Sleep bruxism is mostly assessed by reporting of tooth-grinding or clenching during sleep and by clinical signs (tooth wear, cracks, or fractures). Parafunctional tooth damage is usually prevented by employing occlusal appliances mainly of the full arch covering type (Michigan splint) and of the partial type covering only central incisors (NTI-tss). To date, the effects of occlusal appliances on sleep bruxism or jaw muscle activity during sleep are still controversial.

The Pain-to-Well-Being Relationship in Patients Experiencing Chronic Orofacial Pain.

Orofacial pain features may negatively influence a person's well-being and vice versa. Some aspects of well-being can be measured with axis II instruments that assess patients' psychosocial and behavioral status. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between pain features and psychosocial variables as indicators of well-being.

Dynamic Modeling Using Artificial Neural Network of Broth Cross-Flow Microfiltration Enhanced by Air-Sparging and Turbulence Promoter.

Cross-flow microfiltration is a broadly accepted technique for separation of microbial biomass after the cultivation process. However, membrane fouling emerges as the main problem affecting permeate flux decline and separation process efficiency. Hydrodynamic methods, such as turbulence promoters and air sparging, were tested to improve permeate flux during microfiltration.

[Integrative treatment concept for chronic orofacial pain and temporomandibular disorders].

The interdisciplinary Orofacial Pain Unit at the Center of Dental Medicine of the University of Zurich celebrates its 15th anniversary. This article outlines the evidence-based integrative treatment concept with a focus on psychosocial aspects of pain. We exemplify how the evaluation and treatment by a pain psychologist complements the dental therapy.

Structure-Activity Relationships of Novel Thiazole-Based Modafinil Analogues Acting at Monoamine Transporters.

Atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitors, such as modafinil, are used for the treatment of sleeping disorders and investigated as potential therapeutics against cocaine addiction and for cognitive enhancement. Our continuous effort to find modafinil analogues with higher inhibitory activity on and selectivity toward the dopamine transporter (DAT) has previously led to the promising thiazole-containing derivatives CE-103, CE-111, CE-123, and CE-125. Here, we describe the synthesis and activity of a series of compounds based on these scaffolds, which resulted in several new selective DAT inhibitors and gave valuable insights into the structure-activity relationships.

[Temporomandibular disorders - a biopsychosocial perspective].

Temporomandibular disorders - a biopsychosocial perspective Clinicians encountering patients complaining of jaw joint symptoms need to see and understand the patients' somatic complaint in the context of possible biographic, psychological and social burdens and to select the appropriate therapeutic options accordingly.

Evaluating the Effects of Acupuncture Using a Dental Pain Model in Healthy Subjects - A Randomized, Cross-Over Trial.

Acupuncture is a complementary and nonpharmacological intervention that can be effective for the management of chronic pain in addition to or instead of medication. Various animal models for neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, cancer-related pain, and visceral pain already exist in acupuncture research. We used a newly validated human pain model and examined whether acupuncture can influence experimentally induced dental pain.

Measuring anger in patients experiencing chronic pain - A systematic review.

Anger is prevalent in chronic pain and has been associated with pain perception, disability, behavior and treatment outcome. Objectives were (1) to survey in the context of chronic pain the application (and omission) of validated anger self-report instruments, (2) to discuss the instruments found in the context of emotion theories and (3) to identify a possible instrument preference. A systematic search of textbooks and review articles was first performed on validated instruments designed to measure the cognitive, the motivational and the subjective feeling component of anger.

Insomnia in Patients Seeking Care at an Orofacial Pain Unit.

Orofacial pain and dysfunction include a broad range of disturbances among which pain and insomnia are some of the most common complaints. Sleep strengthens physiological and psychological resilience and is an absolute requirement for health. Insomnia is a common symptom or sleep disorder, yet data on its prevalence is sparse.

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: Two Center Retrospective Cohort Studies.

This retrospective cohort study aims to describe characteristics of patients with MRONJ, to identify factors associated with MRONJ development, and to examine variables associated with favourable outcome. Totally 32 patients were followed and observed: 21 females and 11 males, in the age range 35-84 in the period from 2009 to 2018. Clinical, radiological examination (Orthopantomograph and CBCT) and biopsy were performed in order to achieve diagnosis.

Targeting invadopodia-mediated breast cancer metastasis by using ABL kinase inhibitors.

Metastatic dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor and their spread to distant sites in the body is the leading cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. While researchers have identified treatments that shrink or slow metastatic tumors, no treatment that permanently eradicates metastasis exists at present. Here, we show that the ABL kinase inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and GNF-5 impede invadopodium precursor formation and cortactin-phosphorylation dependent invadopodium maturation, leading to decreased actin polymerization in invadopodia, reduced extracellular matrix degradation, and impaired matrix proteolysis-dependent invasion.

Pyk2 and FAK differentially regulate invadopodia formation and function in breast cancer cells.

The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2 is highly expressed in invasive breast cancer, but the mechanism by which it potentiates tumor cell invasiveness is unclear at present. Using high-throughput protein array screening and bioinformatic analysis, we identified cortactin as a novel substrate and interactor of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2). Pyk2 colocalizes with cortactin to invadopodia of invasive breast cancer cells, where it mediates epidermal growth factor-induced cortactin tyrosine phosphorylation both directly and indirectly via Src-mediated Abl-related gene (Arg) activation, leading to actin polymerization in invadopodia, extracellular matrix degradation, and tumor cell invasion.