Modified cue exposure for adolescents with binge eating behaviour: study protocol of a randomised pilot trial called EXIT.

Introduction: Binge eating (BE) behaviour is highly prevalent in adolescents, and can result in serious metabolic derangements and overweight in the long term. Weakened functioning of the behavioural inhibition system is one potential pathway leading to BE. Food cue exposure focusing on expectancy violation (CE) is a short intervention for BE that has proven effective in adults but has never been tested in adolescents.

Novel concept suppressing plasma heat pulses in a tokamak by fast divertor sweeping.

One of the remaining challenges in magnetic thermonuclear fusion is survival of the heat shield protecting the tokamak reactor vessel against excessive plasma heat fluxes. Unmitigated high confinement edge localized mode (ELM) is a regular heat pulse damaging the heat shield. We suggest a novel concept of magnetic sweeping of the plasma contact strike point fast and far enough in order to spread this heat pulse.

Dentigerous cyst in a young child: a case report.

Dentigerous cysts are one of the most common developmental types of odontogenic cysts occurring in the oral cavity and often manifest as incidental findings on dental radiographs and/or as asymptomatic swellings. These cysts develop from remnants of reduced enamel epithelium around the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth, attached at the level of the cementoenamel junction. Most are considered developmental.

Four-zone varifocus mirrors with adaptive control of primary and higher-order spherical aberration.

Electrostatically actuated deformable mirrors with four concentric annular electrodes can exert independent control over defocus as well as primary, secondary, and tertiary spherical aberration. In this paper we use both numerical modeling and physical measurements to characterize recently developed deformable mirrors with respect to the amount of spherical aberration each can impart, and the dependence of that aberration control on the amount of defocus the mirror is providing. We find that a four-zone, 4 mm diameter mirror can generate surface shapes with arbitrary primary, secondary, and tertiary spherical aberration over ranges of ±0.

Smiles over time: an older adult oral health survey in Illinois.

Purpose: The purpose of the project was to identify the oral health status and needs of the older adult population ≥60 years old in Illinois for policy decisions and to help identify possible need for oral health interventions. No baseline data has previously been collected on this population in Illinois.

Methods: A public/private collaboration was formed, which included the Illinois Department of Public Health, the IFLOSS Coalition and dental and dental hygiene schools in Illinois.

Oral health knowledge attitudes and behaviors of migrant preschooler parents.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish baseline data about oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of migrant and seasonal farm workers (MSFW). The study focused on MSFWs that are parents of preschool-aged children, and who utilized services at 3 migrant dental clinics.

Methods: An oral health knowledge attitudes and behaviors survey was developed and pilot tested in 2006.

Healthy Smiles Healthy Growth 2004--basic screening survey of migrant and seasonal farmworker children in Illinois.

Objectives: To obtain baseline data for caries prevalence, use of dental sealants, and dental treatment needs for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs) enrolled in the Illinois Summer Migrant Education Program, 2004.

Methods: This study adapted the methodology of Healthy Smiles Healthy Growth 2003-2004, by Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH), Division of Oral Health. Oral screenings were conducted for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers at participating schools.

Dental services for migrant and seasonal farmworkers in US community/migrant health centers.

Context: Migrant and seasonal farmworkers are recognized as a medically underserved population, yet little information on need, access, and services is available-particularly with regard to oral health care.

Purpose: This study describes the facilities, services, staffing, and patient characteristics of US dental clinics serving migrant and seasonal farmworkers, and identifies trends and issues that may impede or improve dental care access and service.

Methods: National databases were used to identify community and migrant health centers providing oral health care to migrant and seasonal farmworkers.

Identification of a giant cell fibroma.

Fibrous hyperplastic connective tissue lesions are common in the oral cavity and may be similar both clinically and histologically. A giant cell fibroma, a type of fibrous hyperplasia, was discovered during a preventive patient visit in the dental hygiene clinic at a Midwestern university. The patient, a 19-year-old female, presented with a dome-shaped lesion of normal mucosal color on the attached gingiva apical to tooth number 11.

An assessment of printed oral cancer materials from local health departments in Illinois.

Local health departments can be resources for the public and health professionals to access educational materials on a variety of topics. Though the dental office is ideal, it should not be the only venue for obtaining oral cancer educational materials. As part of a cancer prevention and early detection project, this pilot study solicited printed educational materials concerning oral cancer from all local health departments (LHDs) in Illinois.

Dental decay in southern Illinois migrant and seasonal farmworkers: an analysis of clinical data.

Context: Migrant and seasonal farmworkers are a population at risk for oral health problems. Data on the oral health conditions of migrant and seasonal farmworkers' permanent teeth are particularly lacking.

Purpose: To document the relative rates of treated and untreated dental decay in a sample of southern Illinois migrant and seasonal farmworkers who had sought care at a farmworker health center dental clinic.

Compound odontoma: a case study.

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors and are usually incidental findings in radiographic examination. They are classified as either compound or complex. Both types are composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissues.

Oral health issues among migrant farmworkers.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine utilization patterns of dental services, unmet dental needs, access to care barriers, and oral health behaviors as perceived by migrant farmworkers at a rural southern Illinois farmworker health clinic.

Methods: Two bilingual dental hygiene students and one member of the local Hispanic community verbally administered a 26-item survey questionnaire to 119 migrant farmworker clients at a health center as they waited to receive care.

Results: Utilization results showed that 51% of those surveyed had not sought oral health care in the previous year, citing absence of pain or discomfort as the primary reason.

Ascaris suum--vaccination of mice with liposome encapsulated antigen.

Vaccination with liposome encapsulated adult crude antigen with and without coencapsulated immunomodulator (levamisole) in a mice/larval Ascaris suum model provided protection against a challenge infection (2000 eggs) in mice immunised by immobilised antigen. The best results (88.9% protection) were obtained with a combination of two doses of liposome entrapped antigen with leamisole.

Efficacy of praziquantel treatment of schistosomiasis in a non-endemic country: a follow-up of parasitological, clinical and immunological parameters.

Schistosomiasis patients were immigrants to Czechoslovakia from Angola and Yemen. Most of them had light or moderate infections and felt subjectively healthy. They received treatment with praziquantel (two doses with a total of 40 mg/kg) and were followed up for several years.

[Orinade--an aid for orientation when working with serology plates].

Simple and cheap aid for help during pipeting of the reagent on standard microtiter 96 well plates is described. By means of the 8 x 12 LED diode matrix under the plate is by running the program from the memory accomplished the guide during the plate. The number of current sample is indicated by means of numerical display.

Artificial immunization of pigeons against Argas polonicus (Ixodoidea, Argasidae).

Two subcutaneous injections of salivary gland antigen (SGA) or larval homogenate (LH) at 2-week intervals induced a resistance in pigeons to Argas (Argas) polonicus Siuda, Hoogstraal, Clifford and Wassef larvae and induced anti-tick antibodies. The number of larvae rejected after LH immunization was significantly higher compared to SGA immunization but lower than the number of larvae rejected after two natural infestations at 2-week intervals. The antibody titre reached a peak on day 6 following the first inoculation of LH, and 11-13 days after SGA inoculation.

Increased gut blood flow with early enteral feeding in burned guinea pigs.

The hemodynamic responses to early enteral feeding were assessed with fluid-resuscitated, 30% total body surface area-burned guinea pigs fed by means of tube gastrostomies. Regional blood flow and cardiac output were determined by a reference sample method, injecting 15 microns radiolabeled microspheres. During the initial 24 hours after burn injury, animals were given the same volume by continuous infusion of either lactated Ringer's solution (LR group) or a liquid diet (20% protein, 12% lipid, and 68% carbohydrate; 175 kcal/kg/24 hr) (diet group).

Antibody-mediated response of pigeons to Argas polonicus larval feeding and characterization of larval antigen.

Circulating antibodies to larval Argas polonicus antigen detected in the blood of pigeons by means of ELISA reach their highest level 3-6 days post-tick attachment. During 6-8 days post infestation when most larvae detach from their host, there is an abrupt drop of the antibody level in blood followed by second peak at day 10-15. During the secondary and subsequent infestations the dynamics of the antibody production is analogous, but the maximum absorbance values found are higher with each following infestation.

Passive transfer of humoral resistance against adults of the tsetse fly, Glossina palpalis palpalis (Diptera, Glossinidae), in rabbits.

The possibility of passive transfer of rabbit humoral immunity against tsetse fly bites was investigated for the first time. Partial immunity of recipient animals was achieved after two intravenous injections of 15 ml of serum from immunized (donor) rabbits during 48 hrs. This treatment induced an apparent increase of resistance in the passively immunized group of rabbits expressed as direct mortality ("killing effect") of sucking flies within the following 72 hr period.

Incorporation of patient immobilization, tissue compensation and matchline junction technique for three-field breast treatment.

A protocol for the treatment of the intact breast was developed to maximize dose homogeneity and reproducibility. This protocol uses patient and breast immobilization, three-dimensional tissue compensators, and a technique for geometric matching of fields when the supraclavicular area is treated. A series of phantom measurements and analysis of patient port films was performed to evaluate dose homogeneity and reproducibility using this technique, and the potential adverse effect of loss of skin sparing from the immobilization device was investigated.

Re-186(Sn) HEDP for treatment of multiple metastatic foci in bone: human biodistribution and dosimetric studies.

Investigation of the biodistribution of subtherapeutic amounts of a new, chromatographically purified rhenium-186(tin) hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate radiopharmaceutical have been completed in five patients with metastatic carcinoma to bone. The new agent localizes in metastatic foci in bone in the same manner as do standard technetium-99m diphosphonate bone-scanning agents and appears able to deliver therapeutic radiation doses of thousands of rads (tens of grays) to these metastatic foci while limiting the total red marrow dose to less than 75 rad (0.75 Gy).

Levamisole--biological response modifier in Taenia crassiceps--mouse experimental system.

Levamisole, a common anthelminthic preparation, was used for the modification of the immune response of mice to vaccination with soluble antigen from Taenia crassiceps. The combination of antigen with Levamisole significantly increased the immunogenic effect of the antigen. Metacestodes survived in 16.