Deep Learning for Automated Classification of Hip Hardware on Radiographs.

Purpose: To develop a deep learning model for automated classification of orthopedic hardware on pelvic and hip radiographs, which can be clinically implemented to decrease radiologist workload and improve consistency among radiology reports.

Materials And Methods: Pelvic and hip radiographs from 4279 studies in 1073 patients were retrospectively obtained and reviewed by musculoskeletal radiologists. Two convolutional neural networks, EfficientNet-B4 and NFNet-F3, were trained to perform the image classification task into the following most represented categories: no hardware, total hip arthroplasty (THA), hemiarthroplasty, intramedullary nail, femoral neck cannulated screws, dynamic hip screw, lateral blade/plate, THA with additional femoral fixation, and post-infectious hip.

Diagnostic performance of CT/MRI LI-RADS v2018 in non-cirrhotic steatotic liver disease.

Objective: To assess the performance of computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) among patients with non-cirrhotic steatotic liver disease (SLD).

Materials And Methods: This IRB-approved, retrospective study included 119 observations from 77 adult patients (36 women, 41 men; median 64 years) who underwent liver CT or MRI from 2010 to 2023. All patients had histopathologic evidence of SLD without cirrhosis.

Top down and bottom up: A review of strategies for wellness programs in academic radiology.

Formal physician-wellness programs have come into vogue in professional organizations in recent years. Wellness programs in academic centers vary from institution to institution but foundational to all is their aim to reduce burnout and increase professional fulfillment. As radiologists in charge of wellness program implementation in different academic institutions, we describe existing academic radiology wellness programs with two detailed examples.

World Health Organization 2022 Classification Update: Radiologic and Pathologic Features of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinomas.

Rationale And Objectives: To describe imaging and pathology features of newly defined papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) based on the WHO 2022 update.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 87 patients with 93 pathologically proven papillary renal cell carcinomas who underwent pre-treatment renal mass protocol CT or MRI. Baseline and post-treatment follow-up imaging was evaluated by two radiologists systematically based on established lexicon.

Risk of malignancy in T1-hyperintense Bosniak version 2019 class II and IIF cystic renal masses.

Background: Bosniak classification version 2019 includes cystic masses in class II and IIF based partly on their hyperintense appearance at T1-weighted MRI. The prevalence of malignancy in non-enhancing heterogeneously T1-hyperintense masses is unknown, nor whether the pattern of T1 hyperintensity affects malignancy likelihood.

Purpose: To determine the malignancy proportion among six patterns of T1 hyperintensity within non-enhancing cystic renal masses.

Diagnostic performance of hypoechoic perinephric fat as a predictor of prediabetes and diabetes.

Purpose: To evaluate prevalence and predictive value of hypoechoic perinephric fat (HPF) in patients with prediabetes and diabetes compared to non-diabetics.

Methods: Of 240 patients with renal ultrasound and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurements, 114 patients had either prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.

Outcomes of Bosniak Classification Version 2019 Class IIF Cystic Renal Masses at Imaging Surveillance.

Bosniak classification system version 2019 (v2019) recommends that class IIF masses undergo follow-up imaging at 6 months, 12 months, and then annually for 5 years. The frequency and timing of upgrade on follow-up imaging are incompletely understood. The purpose of this article is to describe the temporal evolution of Bosniak v2019 class IIF cystic renal masses, with attention to outcomes at 6-month follow-up, the time to class upgrade, and malignant histologic diagnoses.

Positive predictive value of LI-RADS US-3 observations: multivariable analysis of clinical and imaging features.

Purpose: To determine how clinical and imaging features affect the positive predictive values (PPV) of US-3 observations.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 10,546 adult patients who were high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from 2017 to 2021 underwent ultrasound screening/surveillance. Of these, 225 adult patients (100 women, 125 men)  with an US-3 observation underwent diagnostic characterization with multiphasic CT (93; 41%), MRI (130; 58%), or contrast-enhanced ultrasound (2; 1%).

Predictive value and prevalence of refractive edge shadow in diagnosis of ovarian dermoids.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of refractive edge shadow in evaluation of ovarian dermoids compared to other benign adnexal masses.

Methods: Ultrasound images of 139 patients with 154 dermoids, endometriomas, and hemorrhagic cysts were retrospectively reviewed by 3 radiologists blinded to final diagnosis. Ultrasound and clinical features were compared to pathology or follow-up ultrasound results as reference standard.

Clinical and ultrasound features of dermoid-associated adnexal torsion.

Purpose: To determine the clinical and ultrasound features of dermoid-associated adnexal torsion.

Methods: Forty-four patients with at least one dermoid and ultrasound ≤ 30 days of surgery were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. Ultrasound and clinical findings were compared to intra-operative findings using Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney test with p < 0.

Nyquist sampling theorem and Bosniak classification, version 2019: effect of thin axial sections on categorization and agreement.

Objective: To determine if CT axial images reconstructed at current standard of care (SOC; 2.5-3 mm) or thin (≤ 1 mm) sections affect categorization and inter-rater agreement of cystic renal masses assessed with Bosniak classification, version 2019.

Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, 3 abdominal radiologists reviewed 131 consecutive cystic renal masses from 100 patients performed with CT renal mass protocol from 2015 to 2021.

Growth Kinetics and Progression Rate of Bosniak Classification Version 2019 Class III and IV Cystic Renal Masses on Imaging Surveillance.

Active surveillance is increasingly used as first-line management for localized renal masses. Triggers for intervention primarily reflect growth kinetics, which have been poorly investigated for cystic masses defined by the Bosniak classification version 2019 (v2019). The purpose of this study was to determine growth kinetics and incidence rates of progression of class III and IV cystic renal masses, as defined by the Bosniak classification v2019.

Effect of sarcopenia on survival and spinal cord deficit outcomes after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair in patients 60 years of age and older.

Objective: Sarcopenia (core muscle loss) has been used as a surrogate marker of frailty. We investigated whether sarcopenia would adversely affect survival after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data from patients aged 60 years or older who underwent thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs from 2006 to 2016.

Prevalence of Malignancy and Histopathological Association of Bosniak Classification, Version 2019 Class III and IV Cystic Renal Masses.

Purpose: Bosniak Classification, version 2019 (v2019) describes 2 types of class III and IV masses each: 1) thick, wall/septa ≥4 mm (III-WS), 2) obtuse protrusion ≤3 mm (III-OP), 3) obtuse protrusion ≥4 mm (IV-OP), and 4) acute protrusion of any size (IV-AP). The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of malignancy and histopathological features of class III and IV masses and subclasses.

Materials And Methods: In this institutional review board-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study, 3 fellowship-trained abdominal radiologists (R1-3) reviewed cystic renal masses that had tissue pathology and preoperative renal mass protocol computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

Bosniak Classification of Cystic Renal Masses Version 2019: Comparison of Categorization Using CT and MRI.

Bosniak classification version 2019 proposed refinements for cystic renal mass characterization and now formally incorporates MRI, which may improve concordance with CT. The purpose of this study is to compare concordance of CT and MRI in evaluation of cystic renal masses using Bosniak classification version 2019. Three abdominal radiologists retrospectively reviewed 68 consecutive cystic renal masses from 45 patients assessed with both CT and MRI renal mass protocols within a year between 2005 and 2019.

Bosniak Classification Version 2019 of Cystic Renal Masses Assessed With MRI.

The purpose of this study was to determine how use of Bosniak classification version 2019 affects categorization and overall accuracy of MRI evaluation of cystic renal masses with tissue pathologic analysis as the reference standard. MR images of 50 consecutively registered patients with tissue pathologic results from 2005 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed by two abdominal radiologists. Each radiologist independently assigned a category based on the original and Bosniak classification version 2019 systems.

Disseminated coccidioidomycosis with multifocal musculoskeletal disease involvement.

We report a rare case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis with multifocal musculoskeletal involvement. The patient presented to the emergency department with left shoulder pain and swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging of the left shoulder revealed enhancing soft tissue masses, bony lesions, and fluid collections in and around the glenohumeral joint with involvement of the proximal humerus, glenoid, and rotator cuff musculature.

Another dimension in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: comparison of 2- and 3-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography for the evaluation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare 2-dimensional (2D) and 3D magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for image quality and diagnostic performance in the evaluation of pathologically verified intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas.

Materials And Methods: In this institutional review board-approved retrospective review, 21 patients (14 women and 7 men; mean age, 69 years; range, 43-93 years) who underwent 2D and 3D MRCPs on a 1.5-T system for pathologically confirmed IPMN were studied.

Evaluation of radial-sequence imaging in detecting acetabular labral tears at hip MR arthrography.

Objective: In recent years, radial imaging has been advocated for improved visualization of the acetabular labrum in magnetic resonance arthrography of the hip. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether radial imaging demonstrates labral tears not visible on standard imaging planes.

Methods: Fifty-four consecutive magnetic resonance (MR) arthrograms of the hip that included radial imaging over 2 years were retrospectively analyzed by two radiologists.

Triad of MR arthrographic findings in patients with cam-type femoroacetabular impingement.

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze magnetic resonance (MR) arthrographic findings in patients with clinical cam-type femoroacetabular impingement.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. Study was compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.

Evaluation of an emergency radiology quality assurance program at a level I trauma center: abdominal and pelvic CT studies.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of a redundant system in improving quality of care in the trauma setting by examining a subset of our quality assurance program.

Materials And Methods: Five hundred thirty-one consecutive abdominal and pelvic CT reports obtained in patients with trauma at a level I trauma center from August 22, 1999, to August 21, 2000, were retrospectively reviewed. Each case was initially interpreted by a board-certified or board-eligible radiologist during evaluation in the emergency department and was subsequently reviewed by a subspecialty abdominal imaging radiologist as part of a quality assurance program.