Significant Efficiency Enhancements in Non-Y Series Acceptors by the Addition of Outer Side Chains.

Most current highly efficient organic solar cells utilize small molecules like Y6 and its derivatives as electron acceptors in the photoactive layer. In this work, a small molecule acceptor, SC8-IT4F, is developed through outer side chain engineering on the terminal thiophene of a conjugated 6,12-dihydro-dithienoindeno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (IDTT) central core. Compared to the reference molecule C8-IT4F, which lacks outer side chains, SC8-IT4F displays notable differences in molecule geometry (as shown by simulations), thermal behavior, single-crystal packing, and film morphology.

Structural reversal of disc cupping measured in Bruch's membrane opening-based OCT morphometry after PRESERFLO microshunt implantation for open-angle glaucoma.

Background/ Aims: To analyze the longitudinal change in Bruch's membrane opening minimal rim width (BMO-MRW) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) after implantation of a PRESERFLO® microshunt for surgical glaucoma management in adult glaucoma patients.

Methods: Retrospective data analysis of 59 eyes of 59 participants undergoing implantation of a PRESERFLO microshunt between 2019 and 2022 at a tertiary center for glaucoma management. Surgical management included primary temporary occlusion of the glaucoma shunt to prevent early hypotony.

Precision targeting of β-catenin induces tumor reprogramming and immunity in hepatocellular cancers.

First-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations show responses in subsets of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Nearly half of HCCs are Wnt-active with mutations in (encoding for β-catenin), , or , and demonstrate limited benefit to ICI due to an immune excluded tumor microenvironment. We show significant tumor responses in multiple β-catenin-mutated immunocompetent HCC models to a novel siRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticle targeting (LNP-CTNNB1).

Culturally safe and ethical biomarker and genomic research with Indigenous peoples-a scoping review.

Background: Indigenous peoples globally continue to be underrepresented in biomarker, genomic, and biobanking research. The aim of this study was to identify core components of culturally safe and ethical biomarker and genomic research with Indigenous peoples in Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand, Canada and the USA.

Methods: A scoping review with a systematic search strategy was conducted utilising electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Global Health.

Phase 1/2 Study of the Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Inhibitor Linrodostat Mesylate Combined With Nivolumab or Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Solid Tumors or Hematologic Malignancies.

Purpose: To evaluate linrodostat mesylate, a selective, oral indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor, combined with nivolumab ± ipilimumab in advanced solid tumors and hematologic malignancies.

Patients And Methods: In this phase 1/2 study, patients received once-daily (QD) linrodostat (part 1 [escalation], 25-400 mg; part 2 [expansion], 100 or 200 mg) plus nivolumab (480 mg every [Q] 4 weeks [W] or 240 mg Q2W) or triplet therapy (part 3, linrodostat 20-100 mg QD; nivolumab 360 mg Q3W or 480 mg Q4W; ipilimumab 1 mg/kg Q6W or Q8W). Endpoints included safety and efficacy (co-primary; parts 2, 3), pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, biomarkers, and efficacy (part 1).

Safety of combined ablative radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in three phase I trials.

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is safe and effective for treatment of extracranial metastatic disease, but its safety when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has not yet been comprehensively reported. Here we report adverse events (AEs) associated with combined SBRT and ICI using prospectively-collected data on patients in three trials investigating multi-site SBRT combined with ICI.

Methods: Patients were included from three prospective trials of ICI (pembrolizumab; nivolumab/urelumab or nivolumab/cabiralizumab; nivolumab/ipilimumab) with SBRT to 1-4 sites.

The emergence of neoadjuvant immune- over BRAF therapy in melanoma.

Neoadjuvant therapy has emerged in high-risk stage III melanoma with immunotherapy improving long-term outcomes when compared with BRAF and MEK inhibition. Unmet needs remain surrounding optimal immunotherapy combinations, selection biomarkers and deintensification of treatment.

Slow vibrational relaxation drives ultrafast formation of photoexcited polaron pair states in glycolated conjugated polymers.

Glycol sidechains are often used to enhance the performance of organic photoconversion and electrochemical devices. Herein, we study their effects on electronic states and electronic properties. We find that polymer glycolation not only induces more disordered packing, but also results in a higher reorganisation energy due to more localised π-electron density.

First-in-human dose escalation trial to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of an anti-MAGEA1 autologous TCR-transgenic T cell therapy in relapsed and refractory solid tumors.

Rationale Of The Trial: Although the use of engineered T cells in cancer immunotherapy has greatly advanced the treatment of hematological malignancies, reaching meaningful clinical responses in the treatment of solid tumors is still challenging. We investigated the safety and tolerability of IMA202 in a first-in-human, dose escalation basket trial in human leucocyte antigen A*02:01 positive patients with melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGEA1)-positive advanced solid tumors.

Trial Design: The 2+2 trial design was an algorithmic design based on a maximally acceptable dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) rate of 25% and the sample size was driven by the algorithmic design with a maximum of 16 patients.

NETosis Impact on Tumor Biology, Radiation, and Systemic Therapy Resistance.

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)osis via lytic neutrophil death or neutrophil activation is associated with standard cancer therapies, notably including radiotherapy; is immunosuppressive; and may enhance metastasis and treatment resistance. This emerging area of research should be prioritized in drug development and standard of care treatment paradigms including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. See related article by Teijeira et al.

Do Medicare Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Patients' Self-care and Mobility Outcomes Vary by Dual Eligibility Status, Race and Ethnicity, Rural Residence, Socioeconomic Status, and Living Alone?

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine whether inpatient rehabilitation facility patients' risk-adjusted functional outcomes varied with the following five social drivers of health: Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility status, race and ethnicity, rural residence, socioeconomic status, and living alone.

Design: This cohort study examined unadjusted and adjusted mobility and self-care change scores during inpatient rehabilitation facility stays for 428,710 Medicare patients with and without social drivers of health. Regression models isolated the mean marginal effect of each of the five social factors on mobility and self-care change scores after adjusting for covariates.

Long-term survival follow-up for tebentafusp in previously treated metastatic uveal melanoma.

Background: Tebentafusp, a bispecific (gp100×CD3) ImmTAC, significantly improved overall survival (OS) outcomes for HLA-A*02:01+ adult patients with untreated metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) and showed promising survival in previously treated mUM with 1-year OS of 62% in the primary analysis of study IMCgp100-102. Here we report long-term outcomes from this phase 1/2 study in pretreated mUM.

Patients And Methods: Patients with previously treated mUM received tebentafusp weekly intravenous at 20 µg dose 1, 30 µg dose 2 and either 54, 64, 68, or 73 µg (phase 1) or 68 µg (phase 2) dose 3+.

Matched case-control comparison of surgical success after XEN45 Gel Stent and PRESERFLO MicroShunt implantation in a Caucasian population.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of implantation of a XEN45 Gel Stent with the outcome of implantation of a Preserflo MicroShunt in a matched-pair analysis in eyes being naïve to filtering surgery.

Methods: In this comparative, retrospective study, 50 eyes that had undergone XEN45 Gel Stent implantation were compared with 50 eyes after Preserflo implantation. Follow-up was at least 6 months, and surgical success was measured by criteria A (IOP < 21 mmHg, IOP reduction >20%, no repeat surgery); criteria B (IOP < 18 mmHg, IOP reduction >20%, no repeat surgery); and criteria C (IOP ≤15 mmHg, IOP reduction ≥40%, no repeat surgery).

Safety of pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy in a pooled analysis of phase 3 clinical trials of melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The safety profile of adjuvant pembrolizumab was evaluated in a pooled analysis of 4 phase 3 clinical trials.

Methods: Patients had completely resected stage IIIA, IIIB, or IIIC melanoma per American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition, criteria (AJCC-7; KEYNOTE-054); stage IIB or IIC melanoma per AJCC-8 (KEYNOTE-716); stage IB, II, or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer per AJCC-7 (PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091); or postnephrectomy/metastasectomy clear cell renal cell carcinoma at increased risk of recurrence (KEYNOTE-564). Patients received adjuvant pembrolizumab 200 mg (2 mg/kg up to 200 mg for pediatric patients) or placebo every 3 weeks for approximately 1 year.

Radiation-Induced DNA Damage in Uveal Melanoma Is Influenced by Dose Delivery and Chromosome 3 Status.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the extent of DNA breaks in primary uveal melanoma (UM) with regard to radiotherapy dose delivery (single-dose versus fractionated) and monosomy 3 status.

Methods: A total of 54 patients with UM were included. Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) was performed in 23 patients, with 8 undergoing single-dose SRT (sdSRT) treatment and 15 receiving fractionated SRT (fSRT).

Counting the Ways That Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Older People Participate in Their Communities and Culture.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the proportion of older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples participating in cultural events and activities and determine the demographic and sociocultural characteristics associated with participation.

Methods: The Australian Bureau of Statistics National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey (2014-2015) was used to measure the prevalence of participation in cultural events and activities. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to measure associations.

Beyond Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Emerging Targets in Melanoma Therapy.

Purpose Of Review: This review provides a comprehensive update on recent advancements in melanoma treatment by highlighting promising therapeutics with an aim to increase awareness of novel interventions currently in development.

Recent Findings: Over the last decade there has been considerable expansion of the previously available treatment options for patients with melanoma. In particular, novel immunotherapeutics have been developed to expand on the clinical advancements brought by BRAF targeting and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Reaction interferometry with ultracold molecules.

We propose to coherently control the ultracold 2KRb → K + Rb reaction product state distribution quantum interference. By leveraging that the nuclear spin degrees of freedom in the reaction maintain coherence, which was demonstrated in Liu, Zhu , , 2023, arXiv:2310.07620, https://doi.

Quantum interference in atom-exchange reactions.

Chemical reactions, in which bonds break and form, are highly dynamic quantum processes. A fundamental question is whether coherence can be preserved in chemical reactions and then harnessed to generate entangled products. Here we investigated this question by studying the 2KRb [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] + Rb reaction at 500 nanokelvins, focusing on the nuclear spin degrees of freedom.

Retinal Detachment Rates After Uncomplicated DMEK Versus Cataract Surgery Combined (Triple-)DMEK.

Purpose: To evaluate the rate of and risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) either alone or in combination with cataract surgery.

Design: Retrospective analysis of prospective database.

Methods: Consecutive eyes with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy that received DMEK surgery with a minimum follow-up of 1 year between July 2011 and January 2021 at the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Cologne were analyzed.