Prospective Randomized Trial of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Duration for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Low-Risk Patients.

Postoperative infection and sepsis account for the most common complications following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), as high as 14% in low-risk patients. Although the American Urological Association (AUA) recommends perioperative antibiotics for 24 hours or less for PCNL, practice patterns vary regarding duration of antibiotic therapy. We aimed to compare the efficacy of 24-hour antibiotic coverage short-course protocol of antibiotic prophylaxis for PCNL.

Initial experience and cancer detection rates of office-based transperineal magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion prostate biopsy under local anesthesia.

Introduction: We aimed to demonstrate feasibility and cancer detection rates of office-based ultrasound-guided transperineal magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound (MRI-US) fusion (TFB) prostate biopsy under local anesthesia.

Methods: With institutional review board approval, records of men undergoing TFB in the office setting under local anesthesia were reviewed. Baseline patient characteristics, MRI findings, cancer detection rates, and complications were recorded.

Feasibility and Utility of Mobile Applications for the Evaluation of Urology Residents' Surgical Competence.

Objective: To provide real-time assessment and feedback on the competency of urology residents' surgical skill via mobile applications and examine their feasibility and utility.

Materials And Methods: Two mobile application-based systems (SIMPL and myTIPreport) were sequentially implemented for the case-by-case assessment of residents' performance of surgical skills at a single institution. Data was collected regarding residents' perception of their feedback pre- and post-implementation of the applications.

Extracapsular extension on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging better predicts pT3 disease at radical prostatectomy compared to perineural invasion on biopsy.

Introduction: Risk assessment for non-organ-confined prostate cancer (PCa) is important in the surgical planning for radical prostatectomy (RP). Perineural invasion (PNI) on prostate biopsy has been associated with adverse pathological outcomes at prostatectomy. Similarly, the identification of suspected extracapsular extension (ECE) on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been shown to predict non-organ-confined disease.

Primary renal Ewing Sarcoma masquerading as Wilms in an adolescent female.

Primary renal Ewing's sarcoma (ES) of the kidney represents a rare oncologic entity belonging to the collection of small round cell tumors, which typically feature osseous presentations. Renal ES is an aggressive disease entity with high metastatic potential, either at time of presentation or following initial extirpative therapy. Herein, we report the case of a 14-year-old female who initially presented with intermittent gross painless hematuria and a large left renal mass identified on ultrasound and confirmed on follow up MRI.

Massive Neobladder Stones in Postcystectomy Patient Lost to Follow Up.

A 59-year-old man with a history of muscle-invasive bladder cancer status post cystectomy with neobladder creation presented to the Emergency Department with a 4-month history of lower abdominal pain, dysuria, and intermittent hematuria. He was found to have 2 massive bladder stones on CT scan, measuring 12 × 10.5 × 14 cm and 6.

Weighted Gleason Grade Group (WGGG): A new prostate cancer biopsy reporting system with prognostic potential.

Introduction: Presently, prostate biopsy (PBx) results report the highest Gleason Grade Group (GGG) as a single metric that gauges the overall clinical aggressiveness of cancer and dictates treatment. We hypothesized a PBx showing multiple cores of cancer with more volume cancer per core would represent more aggressive disease. We propose the Weighted Gleason Grade Group (WGGG), a novel scoring system that synthesizes all histopathologic data and cancer volume into a single numeric value representing the entire PBx, allowing for improved prediction of adverse pathology and risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP).

The role of inheritance in the development of adolescent varicoceles.

Background: The prevalence of varicoceles is estimated to be 15% in the general population but is nearly 35% among men with primary infertility and increases by 10% with each decade of life. Studies among adults infer a higher rate of varicoceles among first-degree relatives of patients with varicoceles. However, these studies do not consider the presence of varicoceles, or other venous abnormalities, at the time of desired paternity in first-degree relatives of adolescent patients.