Synthesis and Structure of Novel Hybrid Compounds Containing Phthalazin-1(2)-imine and 4,5-Dihydro-1-imidazole Cores and Their Sulfonyl Derivatives with Potential Biological Activities.

A novel hybrid compound-2-(4,5-dihydro-1-imidazol-2-yl)phthalazin-1(2)-imine () was synthesized and converted into di-substituted sulfonamide derivatives - and phthalazine ring opening products-hydrazonomethylbenzonitriles -. The newly prepared compounds were characterized using elemental analyses, IR and NMR spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry. Single crystal X-ray diffraction data were collected for the representative compounds , , , , and .

New Chalcone Derivatives Containing 2,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonamide Moiety with Anticancer and Antioxidant Properties.

Chalcones and their derivatives, both natural and synthetic, exhibit diverse biological activities. In this study, we focused on designing and synthesizing ()-2,4-dichloro--(4-cinnamoylphenyl)-5-methylbenzenesulfonamides - with the following two pharmacophore groups: 2,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonamide and chalcone. The obtained compounds displayed notable anticancer effects on various human cancer cells, such as cervical HeLa, acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60, and gastric adenocarcinoma AGS, when assessed with the MTT test.

Copper(II) Complexes with 1-(Isoquinolin-3-yl)heteroalkyl-2-ones: Synthesis, Structure and Evaluation of Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential.

Four copper(II) complexes, -, derived from 1-(isoquinolin-3-yl)heteroalkyl-2-one ligands - were synthesized and characterized using an elemental analysis, IR spectroscopic data as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction data for complex . The stability of complexes - under conditions mimicking the physiological environment was estimated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The antiproliferative activity of both ligands - and copper(II) compounds - were evaluated using an MTT assay on four human cancer cell lines, A375 (melanoma), HepG2 (hepatoma), LS-180 (colon cancer) and T98G (glioblastoma), and a non-cancerous cell line, CCD-1059Sk (human normal skin fibroblasts).

Umbelliferone and Its Synthetic Derivatives as Suitable Molecules for the Development of Agents with Biological Activities: A Review of Their Pharmacological and Therapeutic Potential.

Umbelliferone (UMB), known as 7-hydroxycoumarin, hydrangine, or skimmetine, is a naturally occurring coumarin in the plant kingdom, mainly from the family that possesses a wide variety of pharmacological properties. In addition, the use of nanoparticles containing umbelliferone may improve anti-inflammatory or anticancer therapy. Also, its derivatives are endowed with great potential for therapeutic applications due to their broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, antipsychotic, antiepileptic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antiproliferative effects.

Indole-Acrylonitrile Derivatives as Potential Antitumor and Antimicrobial Agents-Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Studies.

A series of 2-(1-indol-2-yl)-3-acrylonitrile derivatives, -, , -, -, -, and , were synthesized as potential antitumor and antimicrobial agents. The structures of the prepared compounds were evaluated based on elemental analysis, IR, H- and NMR, as well as MS spectra. X-ray crystal analysis of the representative 2-(1-indol-2-yl)-3-acrylonitrile showed that the acrylonitrile double bond was -configured.

Synthesis, Structure and Cytotoxic Properties of Copper(II) Complexes of 2-Iminocoumarins Bearing a 1,3,5-Triazine or Benzoxazole/Benzothiazole Moiety.

A series of copper(II) complexes of 2-imino-2-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines , 3-(benzoxazol-2-yl)-2-chromen-2-imines , and 3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-chromen-2-imines were obtained by reacting of appropriate 2-iminocoumarin ligands , , and with 3-fold molar excess of copper(II) chloride. The structure of these compounds was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (, , , and ). All the synthesized complexes were screened for their activity against five human cancer cell lines: DAN-G, A-427, LCLC-103H, SISO, and RT-4 by using a crystal violet microtiter plate assay and relationships between structure and in vitro cytotoxic activity are discussed.

A Mini-Review: Recent Advances in Coumarin-Metal Complexes With Biological Properties.

The coumarin nucleus is a recurring motif in both natural and synthetic compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of biological properties including anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial and anticancer agents as well as enzyme inhibitors. On the other hand, it has been reported that the incorporation of a metal ion into coumarin derivatives can increase the activity of such complexes compared to coumarin-based ligands. Accordingly, some of them have been found to display promising antioxidant, antitumor or antibacterial activities.

Synthesis, Structure and Cytotoxicity Testing of Novel 7-(4,5-dihydro-1-imidazol-2-yl)-2-aryl-6,7-dihydro-2-imidazo[2,1-][1,2,4]triazol-3(5)-Imine Derivatives.

The appropriate 1-arylhydrazinecarbonitriles are subjected to the reaction with 2-chloro-4,5-dihydro-1-imidazole (), yielding 7-(4,5-dihydro-1-imidazol-2-yl)-2-aryl-6,7-dihydro-2-imidazo[2,1-][,,4]triazol-3(5)-imines , which are subsequently converted into the corresponding amides -, -, sulfonamides -, , ureas -, and thioureas -. The structures of the newly prepared derivatives -, -, -, -, -, -, and are confirmed by IR, NMR spectroscopic data, as well as single-crystal X-ray analyses of and . The in vitro cytotoxic potency of these compounds is determined on a panel of human cancer cell lines, and the relationships between structure and antitumor activity are discussed.

Synthesis and Fluorescent Properties of Novel Isoquinoline Derivatives.

Isoquinoline derivatives have attracted great interest for their wide biological and fluorescent properties. In the current study, we focused on the synthesis of a series of novel isoquinoline derivatives substituted at position 3 of the heteroaromatic ring. Compounds were obtained in a Goldberg-Ullmann-type coupling reaction with appropriate amides in the presence of copper(I) iodide, ,-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA), and potassium carbonate.

Hybrid Molecules Composed of 2,4-Diamino-1,3,5-triazines and 2-Imino-Coumarins and Coumarins. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Properties.

A series of 2-imino-2-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazine compounds ⁻, which are namely hybrids of 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazines and 2-imino-coumarins, was synthesized by reacting 2-(4,6-diamine-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)acetonitriles ⁻ with 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes. After this, upon heating in aqueous DMF, 2-imino-2-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines and were converted into the corresponding 2-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines and , which are essentially hybrids of 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazines and coumarins. The in vitro anticancer activity of the newly prepared compounds was evaluated against five human cancer cell lines: DAN-G, A-427, LCLC-103H, SISO and RT-4.

Imidazoline scaffold in medicinal chemistry: a patent review (2012-2015).

Introduction: Until very recently, the 'imidazoline drugs' were perceived as a class of central and/or peripheral sympatholytics and vasodilators acting at either the imidazoline binding sites and/or α-adrenergic receptors. However, in recent years it has become evident that the imidazoline scaffold is also contained in synthetic agents that exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities.

Areas Covered: This review provides an insight into the patents filed in the years 2012-2015, and considers 2-imidazoline-containing compounds with proven biological properties.

Biological activities of guanidine compounds, 2008 - 2012 update.

Introduction: Compounds incorporating guanidine moiety have found many practical applications in diverse areas of chemistry, such as nucleophilic organocatalysis, anion recognition and coordination chemistry. Moreover, guanidine functional group is found in natural products, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic ingredients produced by synthetic methods. Thus, knowledge of their biological activities and therapeutic uses is of utmost importance for researchers involved in drug discovery processes.

Biological activities of guanidine compounds.

Background: The guanidine group defines chemical and physicochemical properties of many compounds of medical interest and guanidine-containing derivatives constitute a very important class of therapeutic agents suitable for the treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases.

Objective: To review the most important pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses of simple guanidine derivatives, cyclic analogues of guanidines as well as peptides, peptidomimetics and peptoids incorporating arginine.

Methods: The review presents both the recent patent literature and original papers dealing with guanidine derivatives that show interesting biological activity and emphasizes the newest developing drugs.