Contributions of neo-Aristotelian phronesis to ethical medical practice.

Virtue-based ethics prioritizes phronesis (practical wisdom) because, as rules have become less action-guiding, good judgment (phronesis) becomes more necessary as a guiding meta-virtue. The view of phronesis that MacIntyre proposed in After Virtue (hereafter, AV phronesis) has been applied in medical ethics despite his substantial deviations from his source (Aristotle) in After Virtue. In this paper, we clarify the differences between the neo-Aristotelian and AV phronesis views and argue for a neo-Aristotelian phronesis with four functions (constitutive, adjudicative, emotion regulative, and blueprint).

Does the good life feel good? The role of positive emotion in competing conceptions of the good life.

Flourishing refers to one kind of generalized wellbeing. Contemporary flourishing research often privileges positive emotion in the theorization and measurement of the construct, such that flourishing is frequently conceptualized as involving a predominance of positive over negative emotions. Positive emotions are thus, on some views of flourishing, seen as an essential component of "the good life.

Neural bases of social deficits in ADHD: A systematic review. Does the Theory of Mind matter?

Introduction: The Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) causes serious interpersonal problems from childhood to adulthood, one of them being problematic social functioning. This phenomenon in ADHD should be associated with impairments in the Theory of Mind (ToM). Therefore, understanding the neural correlates of the ToM could be crucial for helping individuals with ADHD with their social functioning.

Influence of fentanyl, medetomidine-fentanyl or acepromazine-fentanyl premedication on oesophageal and rectal temperature in dogs under anaesthesia.

Objective: To compare changes in oesophageal (T-Oeso) and rectal (T-Rec) temperature in dogs during general anaesthesia and premedicated with fentanyl, medetomidine-fentanyl or acepromazine-fentanyl.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, blind clinical study.

Animals: A total of 120 healthy dogs, aged 2-10 years and weighing 5-20 kg.

Corrigendum: Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Czech citizens: how do depression and anxiety symptoms influence cognitive, behavioral, and emotional changes?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.

Genomics of Preaxostyla Flagellates Illuminates the Path Towards the Loss of Mitochondria.

The notion that mitochondria cannot be lost was shattered with the report of an oxymonad Monocercomonoides exilis, the first eukaryote arguably without any mitochondrion. Yet, questions remain about whether this extends beyond the single species and how this transition took place. The Oxymonadida is a group of gut endobionts taxonomically housed in the Preaxostyla which also contains free-living flagellates of the genera Trimastix and Paratrimastix.

Is the concept of personality capacious enough to incorporate virtues?

We will consider four answers to the question about whether the concept of personality is capacious enough to incorporate virtues. The simplest is that the concept of personality encompasses all individual variations in persons. It follows from this answer that virtues would, as individual differences, be incorporated into personality.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Czech citizens: how do depression and anxiety symptoms influence cognitive, behavioral, and emotional changes?

Background: This study examined the impact of anxiety and depression symptoms during the first stage of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavioral, cognitive, and emotional changes of the Czech population.

Methods: The research sample ( = 2363; 48.83 ± 16.

Corrigendum: Religious Conspiracy Theories About the COVID-19 Pandemic Are Associated With Negative Mental Health.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.

The stability of the twofold multidimensionality of academic self-concept: A study of Chinese secondary school students.

Introduction: The present investigation examined the stability of the twofold multidimensional structure of academic self-concepts (ASCs) in three domains, namely Chinese, math, and general school using four-wave data collected over 2 years among 552 Chinese secondary school students.

Method: Adopting both a within-network and a between-network approach, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) and factor correlations were performed in Mplus 8.2.

A Czech version of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS): standardization and psychometric properties.

Background: The Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) is a transdiagnostic measure that assesses severity and impairment associated with anxiety disorders. However, its psychometric properties were primarily examined in English-speaking or western countries. Therefore, this study aims to examine its psychometric parameters in the Czech Republic.

Influence of Methadone on Intraocular Pressure, Pupil Size, and Aqueous Tear Production in Healthy Dogs.

Intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil size (PS), and tear production are variables important in maintaining eye homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of methadone on IOP, PS, and tear production measured by Schirmer I tear test (STT-I) in healthy nonpainful dogs. A prospective, randomized, "double-blind" clinical study was performed.

Influence of anaesthetics on aqueous tear production in dogs: a systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize outcomes of studies focused on the effects of opioids, injectable sedative and anaesthetic drugs and inhalant anaesthetics on tear production in dogs. This manuscript complements the systematic review describing the effect of anaesthetics on intraocular pressure in dogs (Pierce-Tomlin et al. 2020).

Religious Conspiracy Theories About the COVID-19 Pandemic Are Associated With Negative Mental Health.

Together with the COVID-19 pandemic, conspiracy theories have begun to spread. Evidence is lacking for religious conspiracy theories (RCT) related to COVID-19 in a non-religious environment. This study aimed to assess links between religiosity and spirituality (R/S) and RCT about COVID-19, and to examine their associations with mental health.

The Associations of Experiencing the COVID-19 Pandemic With Religiosity and Spirituality: A Cross-Sectional Study in Czech Adults.

We investigated the associations between religiosity/spirituality and respondents' changes in their relationships, feelings, thinking, and behaviour during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. A sample of Czech adults ( = 1,434; 48.3 ± 16.

Influence of fentanyl, ketamine or lidocaine infusion on the intraocular pressure and pupil size in conscious dogs.

Fifty-five healthy conscious dogs were included in a prospective randomised double-blinded clinical study. The dogs allocated to one of four groups received intravenous bolus followed by infusion of fentanyl (FEN-group), or ketamine (KET-group), or lidocaine (LID-group), or saline (SAL-group). The intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil size (PS), heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured prior to and at 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min after initiation of the drug administration.

Neural correlates of compassion - An integrative systematic review.

Compassion is a psychological construct that has received increasing attention in recent years. Even though a lot of work has been done to identify neural correlates of empathy across studies, such work has not been properly done on neural correlates of compassion. Therefore, the aim was to systematically review the literature on neural correlates of compassion.

Sensory Processing Sensitivity Questionnaire: A Psychometric Evaluation and Associations with Experiencing the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a common human neurobiological trait that is related to many areas of human life. This trait has recently received increased public interest. However, solid scientific research on SPS is lagging behind.

Influence of Fentanyl, Ketamine, and Lidocaine on Tear Production in Healthy Conscious Dogs.

Tear production is an important factor in maintaining proper function of the cornea and conjunctiva. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of bolus followed by infusion of fentanyl, lidocaine, and ketamine on tear production as measured by the Schirmer I Tear Test (STT-I) in dogs. A prospective, randomized, "double-blind" study was performed.

The Abbreviated Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and the Abbreviated Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS): Psychometric Properties and Evaluation of the Czech Versions.

Short and effective tools for measuring depression, anxiety and their resulting impairments are lacking in the Czech language. The abbreviated versions of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS) show very good psychometric properties in English and other languages, and can be used in different settings for research or clinical purposes. The aim of this study was the psychometric evaluation and validation of the Czech versions of the abbreviated forms of both tools in the general population.

Czech and Slovak Members of Religious Institutes: Their Health in Comparison to the General Population.

This study examines the general health of consecrated persons (CP) in the Czech Republic (CZ) and in Slovakia (SK) compared to control samples of the Czech population. The sample of 293 CP participants (age: = 47.52, = 9.

Psychometric Analysis of the Czech Version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire.

Empathy is a concept associated with various positive outcomes. However, to measure such a multifaceted concept, valid and reliable tools are needed. Negatively worded items (NWIs) are suspected to decrease some psychometric parameters of assessment instruments, which complicates the research of empathy.

Courage, Justice, and Practical Wisdom as Key Virtues in the Era of COVID-19.

Fowers et al. (2017) recently made a general argument for virtues as the characteristics necessary for individuals to flourish, given inherent human limitations. For example, people can flourish by developing the virtue of friendship as they navigate the inherent (healthy) human dependency on others.

Data from long time testing of 18650 lithium polymer batteries.

This is a data set from long time testing of 18650 Lithium polymer batteries. It includes the following batteries: Samsung ICR18650-30B (2950 mAh), Joy NCR18650A300A (3000 mAh), GP 03624RC 3.6 V (3000 mAh) and EVC 200L06C (2000 mAh).