The Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) proteins serve as pivotal transporters responsible for the extrusion of metabolites, thereby playing a significant role in both plant development and the detoxification of toxins. The gene family within the , which is an important model organism of the Poaceae family, remains largely unexplored. Here, a comprehensive identification and analysis of genes that complement were conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a key event in modulating plant responses to hypoxia and post-hypoxia reoxygenation. However, the molecular mechanism by which hypoxia-associated ROS homeostasis is controlled remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK16 regulates plant hypoxia tolerance by phosphorylating the plasma membrane-anchored NADPH oxidase respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD) to regulate ROS production in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Membrane Attack Complex and Perforin (MACPF) proteins play a crucial role in plant development and adaptation to environmental stresses. Heretofore, few genes have been functionally identified, leaving gaps in our understanding of genes in other plants, particularly in the Solanaceae family, which includes economically and culturally significant species, such as tomato, potato, and pepper. In this study, we have identified 26 genes in three Solanaceae species and in the water lily, which serves as the base group for angiosperms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeprin and TRAF homology (MATH)-domain-containing proteins are pivotal in modulating plant development and environmental stress responses. To date, members of the MATH gene family have been identified only in a few plant species, including , , maize, and rice, and the functions of this gene family in other economically important crops, especially the Solanaceae family, remain unclear. The present study identified and analyzed 58 MATH genes from three Solanaceae species, including tomato (), potato (), and pepper ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), a highly destructive insect pest, poses a serious threat to rice (Oryza sativa) production worldwide. Jasmonates are key phytohormones that regulate plant defences against BPH; however, the molecular link between jasmonates and BPH responses in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we discovered a Poaceae-specific metabolite, mixed-linkage β-1,3;1,4-d-glucan (MLG), which contributes to jasmonate-mediated BPH resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune response in plants is tightly regulated by the coordination of the cell surface and intracellular receptors. In animals, the membrane attack complex/perforin-like (MACPF) protein superfamily creates oligomeric pore structures on the cell surface during pathogen infection. However, the function and molecular mechanism of MACPF proteins in plant pathogen responses remain largely unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFew studies have characterized the microbial community and metabolite profile of solid food waste fermented products from centralized treatment facilities, which could potentially be processed into safe animal feeds. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were conducted to investigate the bacterial community structure and metabolite profile of food waste samples inoculated with or without 0.18% of a commercial bacterial agent consisting of multiple unknown strains and 2% of a laboratory-made bacterial agent consisting of Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Candida utilis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) proteins are essential transporters that extrude metabolites and participate in plant development and the detoxification of toxins. Little is known about the gene family in the Solanaceae, which includes species that produce a broad range of specialized metabolites. Here, we identified and analyzed the complement of genes in pepper () and potato ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn response to hypoxia under submergence, plants switch from aerobic respiration to anaerobic fermentation, which leads to the accumulation of the end product, ethanol. We previously reported that autophagy-deficient mutants show increased sensitivity to ethanol treatment, indicating that ethanol is likely involved in regulating the autophagy-mediated hypoxia response. Here, using a transcriptomic analysis, we identified 3909 genes in Arabidopsis seedlings that were differentially expressed in response to ethanol treatment, including 2487 upregulated and 1422 downregulated genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMembrane Attack Complex and Perforin (MACPF) proteins play crucial roles in plant development and plant responses to environmental stresses. To date, only four genes have been identified in , and the functions of the gene family members in other plants, especially in important crop plants, such as the Poaceae family, remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified and analyzed 42 genes from six completely sequenced and well annotated species representing the major Poaceae clades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn plants, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, endosomal sorting, and autophagy are essential for protein degradation; however, their interplay remains poorly understood. Here, we show that four Arabidopsis () E3 ubiquitin ligases, SEVEN IN ABSENTIA OF 1 (SINAT1), SINAT2, SINAT3, and SINAT4, regulate the stabilities of FYVE DOMAIN PROTEIN REQUIRED FOR ENDOSOMAL SORTING1 (FREE1) and VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING23A (VPS23A), key components of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-I, to modulate abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. GFP-SINAT1, GFP-SINAT2, and GFP-SINAT4 primarily localized to the endosomal and autophagic vesicles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrassinosteroids (BRs) and jasmonates (JAs) regulate plant growth, development, and defense responses, but how these phytohormones mediate the growth-defense tradeoff is unclear. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis () () mutant, which exhibits enhanced expression of defensin genes () and The mutant showed increased resistance to herbivory by beet armyworms () and infection by botrytis (). encodes ROTUNDIFOLIA3, a cytochrome P450 protein essential for BR biosynthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarotenoids play key roles in photosynthesis and photoprotection. Few multicellular plants produce the ketocarotenoid astaxanthin, a strong antioxidant; however, lines overexpressing the β-carotene ketolase () accumulated high amounts of astaxanthin in the leaves. In this study, we investigated the changed regulation of key metabolic pathways and the tolerance of the engineered plants to biotic and abiotic stresses resulting from the heterologous expression of .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn plants, submergence from flooding causes hypoxia, which impairs energy production and affects plant growth, productivity, and survival. In Arabidopsis, hypoxia induces nuclear localization of the group VII ethylene-responsive transcription factor RELATED TO AP2.12 (RAP2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, is an important aquacultural and recreational species in southern China because of its excellent taste, rapid growth rate, and good looks. At present, few pathogens are known to affect the bluegill sunfish. However, an iridovirus-like disease recently caused heavy losses to the bluegill sunfish aquaculture industry in Guangdong, China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The insect gustatory system plays a central role in the regulation of multiple physiological behaviors and the co-evolution between insects and their hosts. The gustatory receptors (Gr) are important to allow insects to sense their environment. It is critical to the selection of foods, mates and oviposition sites of insects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBenzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one of the most studied targets among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Because of the complexity of the toxicity mechanism in BaP, little is known about the molecular mechanism at the level of transcription of BaP in marine fishes. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the molecular basis of the effects of BaP on marine fish, using Mugilogobius chulae (Smith 1932) as the model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlucose produced from photosynthesis is a key nutrient signal regulating root meristem activity in plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that, by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the conserved macroautophagy/autophagy degradation pathway contributes to glucose-regulated root meristem maintenance. In Arabidopsis thaliana roots, a short exposure to elevated glucose temporarily suppresses constitutive autophagosome formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe yellowstripe goby (Mugilogobius chulae) is an ideal experimental marine fish model in the field of marine environmental toxicology. To clarify the mechanisms of molecular toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in standard laboratory fish, we carried out a genome-wide analysis of transcriptional profiles in M. chulae by RNA sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants accumulate the lipids phosphatidic acid (PA), diacylglycerol (DAG), and triacylglycerol (TAG) during cold stress, but how plants balance the levels of these lipids to mediate cold responses remains unknown. The enzymes ACYL-COENZYME A:DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE (DGAT) and DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASE (DGK) catalyze the conversion of DAG to TAG and PA, respectively. Here, we show that DGAT1, DGK2, DGK3, and DGK5 contribute to the response to cold in Arabidopsis ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) has caused significant losses in the cultured mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) industry. The molecular mechanisms that underlie interaction between ISKNV and hosts are not fully understood. In this study, the proteomic profile of CPB cells at progressive time points after ISKNV infection was analyzed by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioaccumulation of arsenic (As) in rice () increases human exposure to this toxic, carcinogenic element. Recent studies identified several As transporters, but the regulation of these transporters remains unclear. Here, we show that the rice R2R3 MYB transcription factor OsARM1 (ARSENITE-RESPONSIVE MYB1) regulates As-associated transporters genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEukaryotic cells use autophagy to recycle cellular components. During autophagy, autophagosomes deliver cytoplasmic contents to the vacuole or lysosome for breakdown. Mammalian cells regulate the dynamics of autophagy via ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of autophagy proteins.
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