An ultra low frequency spike timing dependent plasticity based approach for reducing alcohol drinking.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing brain disorder characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol consumption despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. AUD affects nearly one-third of adults at some point during their lives, with an associated cost of approximately $249 billion annually in the U.S.

Time-restricted eating affects human adipose tissue fat mobilization.

Objective: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a dietary approach that confines food intake to specific time windows, has shown metabolic benefits. However, its impact on body weight loss remains inconclusive. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of early TRE (eTRE) and delayed TRE (dTRE) on fat mobilization using human adipose tissue (AT) cultures.

Circadian transcriptome oscillations in human adipose tissue depend on napping status and link to metabolic and inflammatory pathways.

Study Objectives: Napping is a common habit in many countries. Nevertheless, studies about the chronic effects of napping on obesity are contradictory, and the molecular link between napping and metabolic alterations has yet to be studied. We aim to identify molecular mechanisms in adipose tissue (AT) that may connect napping and abdominal obesity.

Melatonin decreases human adipose tissue insulin sensitivity.

Melatonin is a pineal hormone that modulates the circadian system and exerts soporific and phase-shifting effects. It is also involved in many other physiological processes, such as those implicated in cardiovascular, endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions. However, the role of melatonin in glucose metabolism remains contradictory, and its action on human adipose tissue (AT) explants has not been demonstrated.

Aberrant spliceosome activity via elevated intron retention and upregulation and phosphorylation of SF3B1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (SF3B1) is the largest subunit and core component of the spliceosome. Inhibition of SF3B1 was associated with an increase in broad intron retention (IR) on most transcripts, suggesting that IR can be used as a marker of spliceosome inhibition in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Furthermore, we separately analyzed exonic and intronic mapped reads on annotated RNA-sequencing transcripts obtained from B cells ( = 98 CLL patients) and healthy volunteers ( = 9).

Midbrain dopaminergic degeneration differentially modulates primary motor cortex activity and motor behavior in hemi-parkinsonian rats.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by degeneration in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, affecting motor control via complex changes in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic motor network, including the primary motor cortex (M1). The modulation of M1 neuronal activity by dopaminergic inputs, particularly from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), plays a crucial role in PD pathophysiology. This study investigates how nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration influences M1 neuronal activity in rats using in vivo calcium imaging.

Effects of Unilateral High Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus on Risk-avoidant Behavior in a Partial 6-hydroxydopamine Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a well-established treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). While PD is primarily characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, it also involves a range of non-motor symptoms, and anxiety is one of the most common. The relationship between PD and anxiety is complex and can be a result of both pathological neural changes and the psychological and emotional impacts of living with a chronic progressive condition.

Advancements and Challenges in High-Capacity Ni-Rich Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries are undoubtedly known as the most promising rechargeable batteries. However, these batteries face some big challenges, like not having enough energy and not lasting long enough, that should be addressed. Ternary Ni-rich Li[NiCoMn]O and Li[NiCoAl]O cathode materials stand as the ideal candidate for a cathode active material to achieve high capacity and energy density, low manufacturing cost, and high operating voltage.

Explainable artificial intelligence prediction-based model in laparoscopic liver surgery for segments 7 and 8: an international multicenter study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more useful as a decision-making and outcomes predictor tool. We have developed AI models to predict surgical complexity and the postoperative course in laparoscopic liver surgery for segments 7 and 8.

Methods: We included patients with lesions located in segments 7 and 8 operated by minimally invasive liver surgery from an international multi-institutional database.

Habitual nappers and non-nappers differ in circadian rhythms of expression in abdominal adipose tissue explants.

Background And Purpose: Napping is a widespread practice worldwide and has in recent years been linked to increased abdominal adiposity. Lipase E or encodes the protein hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), an enzyme that plays an important role in lipid mobilization and exhibits a circadian expression rhythm in human adipose tissue. We hypothesized that habitual napping may impact the circadian expression pattern of , which in turn may attenuate lipid mobilization and induce abdominal fat accumulation.

Highlights from the 7th Oncological Pathology Conference 'Pathological Anatomy in the context of the National Cancer Law: An overview of the Latin American experience', 15, 22 and 23 July 2022, Trujillo, Peru.

The seventh session of the Oncological Pathology Conference (JoPaO) entitled 'Pathological Anatomy in the context of the National Cancer Law: An overview of the Latin American experience', was held virtually on July 15, 22 and 23. Peru was the headquarters for this event, where 17 national and international professors of high academic standing participated. They interacted in a multidisciplinary context through talks with national panellists and the general public.

Breaking barriers in cardiac donation after circulatory death.

Background: Heart transplant (HT) from controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) is an emerging strategy that is rapidly expanding and may help increase the heart donor pool.

Materials And Methods: The use of thoracoabdominal normothermic regional perfusion with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device has allowed to perform HT after cDCD in our country. We present a successful case of heart transplantation using a graft from cDCD with 201 min cold ischemia time.

Full Laparoscopic Vascular Reconstruction for Portal Tumoral Invasion During a Right Hepatectomy Using the Caudal Approach.

Background: Laparoscopic liver surgery has progressively evolved. Consequently, liver procedures are increasingly performed laparoscopically, particularly in experienced centers. However, vascular resection and reconstruction still are considered a limitation for laparoscopy due to the risk of bleeding and the technical difficulty.

Laparoscopic radical hepatectomy and lymphadenectomy for incidental gallbladder cancer. Surgical technique with ICG fluorescence enhancement.

Background: Radical re-resection has been demonstrated beneficial in incidental gallbladder cancer (iGBC) stages ≥ pT1b [1]. Anatomical resection (AR) of segments IVb-V is recommended, particularly for iGBC and liver-sided tumors [2]. Laparoscopically, this is a challenging procedure, as well as the regional lymphadenectomy, since inflammation from previous surgery can hinder identification of extrahepatic bile ducts.

Short-term outcomes of minimally invasive retromuscular ventral hernia repair using an enhanced view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The enhanced view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach is becoming increasingly more widely accepted as a promising technique in the treatment of ventral hernia. However, evidence is still lacking regarding the perioperative, postoperative and long-term outcomes of this technique. The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarize the current available evidence regarding the perioperative and short-term outcomes of ventral hernia repair using eTEP.

Defining a Path Toward the Use of Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry in Human Studies.

Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) has been used for decades as a neurochemical tool for detection of phasic changes in electroactive neurotransmitters in animal models. Recently, multiple research groups have initiated human neurochemical studies using FSCV or demonstrated interest in bringing FSCV into clinical use. However, there remain technical challenges that limit clinical implementation of FSCV by creating barriers to appropriate scientific rigor and patient safety.

A specific structure and high richness characterize intestinal microbiota of HIV-exposed seronegative individuals.

Intestinal microbiota facilitates food breakdown for energy metabolism and influences the immune response, maintaining mucosal homeostasis. Overall, HIV infection is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and immune activation, which has been related to seroconversion in HIV-exposed individuals. However, it is unclear whether microbiota dysbiosis is the cause or the effect of immune alterations and disease progression or if it could modulate the risk of acquiring the HIV infection.