Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine infusions randomly receiving, or not, butorphanol in standing horses.

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) alone, or combined with butorphanol (BUT), may be administered by constant rate infusions (CRIs) in standing horses. This blinded, randomised, crossover study in six healthy adult horses aimed to determine the sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of DEX (dexmedetomidine (3.5 µg/kg+5 µg/kg/hour CRI) and DEX/BUT (dexmedetomidine (3.

Long-term evaluation of a new ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve system in a dog.

Objective: To report on the use of a new ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) valve system utilized in a dog with hydrocephalus and to describe the clinical course over 20 months after implantation.

Case Summary: A 3-month-old female Lhasa Apso dog was presented with lateral strabismus, domed calvarium, and visual deficits. A lateral skull radiograph revealed a persistent fontanelle.