Individual and contextual determinants associated with bullying in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age.

Investigate individual and contextual determinants associated with bullying in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren, who answered a question about episodes of bullying related to oral health and questionnaires addressing childhood anxiety and orofacial dysfunction. The guardians provided information on sociodemographic characteristics, sleep disorders, and oral health literacy.

Establishing a Standardized DNA Extraction Method Using NaCl from Oral Mucosa Cells for Its Application in Imprinting Diseases Such as Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes: A Preliminary Investigation.

Background: Diagnosing imprinting defects in neonates and young children presents challenges, often necessitating molecular analysis for a conclusive diagnosis. The isolation of genetic material from oral swabs becomes crucial, especially in settings where blood sample collection is impractical or for vulnerable populations like newborns, who possess limited blood volumes and are often too fragile for invasive procedures. Oral swab samples emerge as an excellent source of DNA, effectively overcoming obstacles associated with rare diseases.

Seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries in schoolchildren: A multilevel analysis.

To investigate individual and contextual factors associated with seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of guardians and children. Guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, seeking treatment for a tooth injury in the child, and the Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire.

STAT1 deficiency underlies a proinflammatory imprint of naive CD4 T cells in spondyloarthritis.

Introduction: In spondyloarthritis (SpA), an increased type 3 immune response, including T helper cells (Th) 17 excess, is observed in both human and SpA animal models, such as the HLA-B27/human β2-microglobulin transgenic rat (B27-rat).

Methods: To investigate this unexplained Th17-biased differentiation, we focused on understanding the immunobiology of B27-rat naive CD4 T cells (Tn).

Results: We observed that neutrally stimulated B27-rat Tn developed heightened Th17 profile even before disease onset, suggesting an intrinsic proinflammatory predisposition.

Interleukin 27 is a novel cytokine with anti-inflammatory effects against spondyloarthritis through the suppression of Th17 responses.

Introduction: Spondylarthritis (SpA) development in HLA-B27/human β2-microglobulin transgenic rat (B27-rat) is correlated with altered conventional dendritic cell (cDC) function that promotes an inflammatory pattern of CD4+T cells, including a biased expansion of pro-inflammatory Th population and imbalance of regulatory T cells cytokine profile. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that cDCs from B27-rats under express IL-27, an anti-inflammatory cytokine which induces the differentiation of IL-10 regulatory T cells and inhibits Th cells.

Methods: Here, we first investigated whether addition of exogenous IL-27 could reverse the inflammatory pattern observed in CD4 T cells.

A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of icodextrin on left ventricular mass index in peritoneal dialysis.

Left ventricular hypertrophy is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Because icodextrin has a greater ultrafiltration power compared with glucose-based solutions for long dwell, it could improve left ventricular mass by reducing fluid overload. This was a randomized clinical trial that included patients on PD recruited from 2 teaching hospitals, in Sao Paulo-Brazil.

Orofacial dysfunction, nonnutritive sucking habits, and dental caries influence malocclusion in children aged 8-10 years.

Introduction: Malocclusion is one of the most prevalent oral health problems and can affect self-esteem, social relations, and oral health-related quality of life. The present study aimed to evaluate associations between malocclusion and orofacial dysfunction, nonnutritive sucking habits, cavitated carious lesions, and anxiety in Brazilian children.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 739 children aged 8-10 years.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and sleep bruxism in children eight to ten years of age.

This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and possible sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. The study hypothesis was that sleep disturbances influenced a higher occurrence of bruxism during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study was conducted at two time points: in person prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), and online during the pandemic (T2).

Returning to PD after kidney transplant failure is a valuable option.

Purpose: There is a paucity of data on the prognosis for patients returning to peritoneal dialysis (PD) after a failed transplant. PD has an advantage over hemodialysis in preserving residual renal function, which is associated with better outcomes.

Methods: We have reviewed the electronic charts of patients on PD in a tertiary academic hospital for the last 8 years.

Rodent Models of Spondyloarthritis Have Decreased White and Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue Depots.

Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has recently been recognized as a distinct fat depot with endocrine functions. However, if and how it is regulated by chronic inflammation remains unknown. Here, we investigate the amount of white fat and BMAT in HLA-B27 transgenic rats and curdlan-challenged SKG mice, two well-established models of chronic inflammatory spondyloarthritis (SpA).

ETV4 plays a role on the primary events during the adenoma-adenocarcinoma progression in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide; it is the fourth leading cause of death in the world and the third in Brazil. Mutations in the APC, DCC, KRAS and TP53 genes have been associated with the progression of sporadic CRC, occurring at defined pathological stages of the tumor progression and consequently modulating several genes in the corresponding signaling pathways. Therefore, the identification of gene signatures that occur at each stage during the CRC progression is critical and can present an impact on the diagnosis and prognosis of the patient.

Lessons on SpA pathogenesis from animal models.

Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying a disorder such as spondyloarthritis (SpA) may benefit from studying animal models. Several suitable models have been developed, in particular to investigate the role of genetic factors predisposing to SpA, including HLA-B27, ERAP1, and genes related to the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis. One of the best examples of such research is the HLA-B27 transgenic rat model that fostered the emergence of original theories regarding HLA-B27 pathogenicity, including dysregulation of innate immunity, contribution of the adaptive immune system to chronic inflammation, and influence of the microbiota on disease development.

A comparison between SOLiD 5500XLand Ion Torrent PGM-derived miRNA expression profiles in two breast cell lines.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms allow the analysis of hundreds of millions of molecules in a single sequencing run, revolutionizing many research areas. NGS-based microRNA studies enable expression quantification in unprecedented scale without the limitations of closed-platforms. Yet, whereas a massive amount of data produced by these platforms is available, comparisons of quantification/discovery capabilities between platforms are still lacking.

Germline variants in DNA repair genes associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome: analysis of a 21 gene panel in the Brazilian population.

Background: The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (HBOC) occurs in families with a history of breast/ovarian cancer, presenting an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are high penetrance genes associated with an increased risk of up to 20-fold for breast and ovarian cancer. However, only 20-30% of HBOC cases present pathogenic variants in those genes, and other DNA repair genes have emerged as increasing the risk for HBOC.

Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in patients on peritoneal dialysis: incidence and associated factors.

Background: Hypokalemia is a well-described electrolyte disturbance in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Hyperkalemia, however, is still overlooked, although it also represents a risk factor for mortality. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE/ARB), diuretics, and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can interfere with potassium levels in these patients.

Adolescents with worse levels of oral health literacy have more cavitated carious lesions.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the ability to recognize and read oral health terms is associated with the number of teeth with cavitated carious lesions in adolescents. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving a sample of 746 adolescents representative of students aged 15 to 19 years at the public and private school systems in a city in northeast Brazil. Two examiners who had undergone a training and calibration exercise (inter-examiner and intra-examiner Kappa coefficient: 0.

HLA-B27 alters BMP/TGFβ signalling in , revealing putative pathogenic mechanism for spondyloarthritis.

Objectives: The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 confers an increased risk of spondyloarthritis (SpA) by unknown mechanism. The objective of this work was to uncover HLA-B27 non-canonical properties that could explain its pathogenicity, using a new model.

Methods: We produced transgenic expressing the SpA-associated HLA-B*27:04 or HLA-B*27:05 subtypes, or the non-associated HLA-B*07:02 allele, alone or in combination with human β2-microglobulin (hβ2m), under tissue-specific drivers.

Psychometric properties of BREALD-30 for assessing adolescents' oral health literacy.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) administered to adolescents.

Methods: The study included 750 adolescents: 375 aged 12 years and 375 aged 15-19 years, attending public and private schools in Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2017. Reliability was measured based on internal consistency and test-retest reliability.