Distinct cytokine profiles of circulating mononuclear cells stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A in vitro during early and late episodes of chronic osteomyelitis.

We investigated the cytokine profile of peripheral mononuclear cells from chronic osteomyelitis (OST) patients following in vitro stimulation with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). We demonstrate that stimulation with SEA induced prominent lymphocyte proliferation and high levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 secretion in both OST and non-infected individuals (NI). Even though stimulation with SEA had no impact on IL-6 production in either patient group, the baseline level of IL-6 production by cells from OST patients was always significantly less than that produced by cells from NI.

A study of the enterotoxigenicity of coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococcal isolates from food poisoning outbreaks in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify enterotoxin genes from isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci and coagulase-positive staphylococci obtained from dairy products, responsible for 16 outbreaks of food poisoning.

Methods: From the pool of 152 staphylococcal isolates, 15 coagulase-negative and 15 coagulase-positive representatives were selected for this study. The 15 coagulase-negative isolates were tested for the presence of coa and femA genes, which are known to be characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus.

A case study of a massive staphylococcal food poisoning incident.

In the summer of 1998, approximately 8000 individuals gathered to celebrate a Catholic priest's ordination in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Within hours of food consumption, 4000 patients experienced acute gastroenteritis, and approximately 2000 (50%) overwhelmed Emergency Departments of 26 local hospitals. Of the triaged patients, 396 ( approximately 20%) required subsequent admission, and of these patients, 81 ( approximately 20%) were admitted to intensive care units.

Detection of the enterotoxins A, B, and C genes in Staphylococcus aureus from goat and bovine mastitis in Brazilian dairy herds.

To determine the distribution of genes that encode enterotoxins A, B and C, 36 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from goat mastitis and 64 isolated from bovine mastitis were analyzed by Multiplex PCR. Of the total strains studied, 37 (37%) were detected to have some of the SEs genes. From the bovine mastitis strains, 4 (6.

Enterotoxin H in Staphylococcal Food Poisoning.

Seven members of one family became ill with vomiting and diarrhea 4 h after eating a type of cheese produced in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Staphylococcus aureus (2.9 × 10 CFU/g) that produced enterotoxin H (SEH) was isolated from the cheese.