Antimicrobial activity of alexidine alone and associated with N-acetylcysteine against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of alexidine (ALX), alone and combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in eradicating two Enterococcus faecalis strain biofilms. The biofilms of E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and the clinical isolate E.

Location and negotiability of second mesiobuccal canal in upper molar by tomographic and anatomical macroscopic analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the presence and negotiability of second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal at pulp chamber, cervical, medium and apical levels comparing the findings obtained by anatomical evaluation with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

Methods: 56 and 43 human maxillary first and second upper molars, respectively, were assessed. The specimens were placed on an acrylic platform in a stationary position to identify the presence of MB2 canal at the pulp chamber floor, cervical, medium, and apical level.

Mandibular molar rehabilitation using orthodontic extrusion associated with odontoplasty.

The aim of this clinical report is to describe the successful treatment of a mandibular first molar presenting an extensive fracture at the buccal aspect in a young patient. The extension of the fracture was a negative prognostic factor for tooth maintenance. An alternative clinical treatment was proposed since the patient was young and presented with good oral hygiene and periodontal health.

Odontoplasty associated with clinical crown lengthening in management of extensive crown destruction.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of teeth submitted to odontoplasty during clinical crown lengthening surgery (CCLS), when compared to their contralateral non-operated teeth.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients submitted to odontoplasty during CCLS were evaluated according to plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth and final restoration outcome (total success, relative success and failure).

Results: The mean follow-up period was 13.

Clinical technique for invasive cervical root resorption.

This clinical case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of an external invasive cervical resorption. A 17-year-old female patient had a confirmed diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption class 4 by cone beam computerized tomography. Although, there was no communication with the root canal, the invasive resorption process was extending into the cervical and middle third of the root.

In vivo comparison of the accuracy of two electronic apex locators.

The aim of this study was to analyse in vivo the accuracy of two apex locators, Root ZX and Novapex, to determine the position of the apical constriction. Twenty-three human single-rooted teeth to be extracted for periodontal reasons constituted the experiment. Endodontic access was obtained and the apical constriction was determined by one of the apex locators after initial crown-down preparation.

Anatomical evaluation of the root canal diameter and root thickness on the apical third of mesial roots of molars.

The purpose was to determine the diameter of the main root canal and wall thickness in the apical dentin in mesial roots of maxillary and mandibular molars. Forty mesiobuccal and mesial root specimens were sectioned horizontally at 1, 2 and 3 mm from the apex, and measured at each top surface by using optical microscopy to an accuracy of ×20 magnification. The anatomical parameters were established as the following points of reference: AB, two points connected by a line from the outer edge of the mesial wall to the outer edge of the distal one through the center of the root canal to measure the thickness of the root and mesiodistal diameter of the root canal (CD).

Restoration of posterior teeth using occlusal matrix technique.

This article describes a technique for duplicating occlusal surface anatomy using the Biteperf device. Duplication requires an intact occlusal enamel surface and is only indicated when caries lesions are hidden. The occlusal matrix technique allows for preservation of all anatomic details.

Crown-down preflaring in the determination of the first apical file.

In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the adaptation of the first apical file after preflaring in mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) canals of mandibular molars considering the tactile sensibility as a reference. The mesial canals (n = 22) of human mandibular molar teeth were used, and the first instrument to bind to the working length was determined after preflaring and crown-down shaping. Digital images of the root apex were acquired and a single examiner determined the contact of the file with the walls using Image J software.

Morphologic analysis of the root apex in human teeth.

Introduction: To determine the morphologic shape and position of the root apex and the major foramen in maxillary and mandibular teeth.

Methods: A total of 845 maxillary and mandibular human teeth root specimens were evaluated. Each root specimen was measured at each root apex by using a calibrated microscope at a magnification of 20x.

Clinical importance of the presence of lateral canals in endodontics.

This article presents a clinical case in which the diagnosis and treatment of a lateral canal was instrumental in the successful completion of endodontic therapy. Endodontic treatment was performed by crown-down shaping and copious irrigation (using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite associated with 17% ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA)).

Response of the periapical tissue of dogs' teeth to the action of citric acid and EDTA.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the inflammatory response of dog's periapical tissues to 17% trisodium EDTA salt (pH 8.0) and 1% citric acid (pH 2.0).