USE OF DECELLULARIZED HUMAN AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE IN INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSES: A STUDY IN RATS TREATED WITH 5-FLUOROURACIL.

Background: Nowdays, more relevant applications of perinatal derivatives, such as amniotic membrane (AM), are emerging in our environment as a source of biomaterials for use in different healing processes. The study of anastomosis healing associated with antimetabolic drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a potential target of AM.

Aims: To evaluate the healing effects of AM in rats treated with 5-FU at a dose of 20 mg/kg on the seventh day of postoperative evolution, regarding the parameters percentage of type I collagen (mature), cell viability, microvascular density and formation of granulation tissue.

Impact of Long-term Storage in 4% Formaldehyde on Immunophenotypic Markers in Glutaraldehyde-treated Bovine Pericardium.

Bovine pericardium (BP) is widely used as a biomaterial for tissue engineering. Glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde are commonly employed in the reticulation processes to enhance the material's resistance and preservation. In this study, we assessed the impact of long-term storage in 4% formaldehyde on the quantitative expression of immunophenotypic markers in glutaraldehyde-treated BP.

Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Vitamin K Antagonists for Left Ventricular Thrombus: A Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis.

Background: Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are the recommended first-line treatment for left ventricular thrombus (LVT); however, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been considered an alternative therapy.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of DOACs compared with VKAs therapy in patients with LVT.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were systematically searched for randomized clinical trials or cohort studies that compared DOACs versus VKAs for LVT.

Network Meta-Analysis of Initial Antithrombotic Regimens After Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion.

Background: The optimal antithrombotic therapy following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) remains uncertain.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to compare the efficacy and safety of various antithrombotic strategies after LAAO.

Methods: We searched the Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, LILACS, and ClinicalTrials.

Pretreatment with P2Y12 inhibitors in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pretreatment with oral P2Y12 inhibitors is a standard practice for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the efficacy and safety of P2Y12 inhibitors pretreatment remain unclear.

Objectives: We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the impact of P2Y12 inhibitor pretreatment on thrombotic and hemorrhagic endpoints in STEMI patients.

Fast growth rate of a right atrial myxoma.

Primary cardiac tumors are rare, with an incidence between 0.0017 and 0.19%, and are asymptomatic in up to 72% of cases.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TISSULAR RESPONSE AFTER ABDOMINAL WALL REPAIR USING POLYPROPYLENE MESH AND BOVINE PERICARDIUM MESH.

Background: The use of polypropylene meshes for surgical repair of the abdominal wall contributes to a reduction of the of recurrence rates of hernias or defects. However, its intra-abdominal use comes along with the formation of adhesions and several complications. The study and the search for alternative materials, including bovine pericardium, have been regarded as an option for the correction and treatment of resulting hernias with better adaptations and effectiveness.

Congestive Hepatopathy Secondary to Right Ventricular Hypertrophy Related to Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Heart dysfunction and liver disease often coexist. Among the types of cardiohepatic syndrome, Type 2 is characterized by the chronic impairment of cardiac function, leading to chronic liver injury, referred to as congestive hepatopathy (CH). In this study, we aimed to establish a rat model of CH secondary to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) related to monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

SOFTWARE-ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF HEPATIC SINUSOIDAL DILATATION AND CENTRILOBULAR FIBROSIS.

Background: Heart dysfunction and liver disease often coexist because of systemic disorders. Any cause of right ventricular failure may precipitate hepatic congestion and fibrosis. Digital image technologies have been introduced to pathology diagnosis, allowing an objective quantitative assessment.

CARVEDILOL AS PRIMARY PROPHYLAXIS FOR GASTRIC VARICEAL BLEEDING IN PORTAL HYPERTENSION MODEL IN RATS.

Background: Portal hypertension (PH) can be measured indirectly through a hepatic vein pressure gradient greater than 5 mmHg. Cirrhosis is the leading cause for PH and can present as complications ascites, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and esophagogastric varices, characterizing gastropathy.

Aim: To evaluate the use of carvedilol as primary prophylaxis in the development of collateral circulation in rats submitted to the partial portal vein ligament (PPVL) model.

Plexiform Lesions in an Experimental Model of Monocrotalin-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: The monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension model is one of the most reproduced today, presenting as a limitation the absence of plexiform lesions, typical manifestations of the severe disease in humans.

Objective: To evaluate the severity of MCT-induced pulmonary arteriopathy by pathological findings of lung and heart tissue samples, clinical course and 37-day survival.

Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into one of the four groups - control (CG) (n = 10) and three intervention (MCT) groups.

Fixation of the Anterior Ligament Graft at the Tibial Pole: Biomechanical Analysis of Three Methods.

 Comparative biomechanical analysis of tibial fixation strength for ligament reconstruction with interference screw compared with screw post and washer, and compared with the associated fixation of both methods (hybrid fixation).  A total of 54 specimens were used (porcine tibias and bovine flexor digital tendons), which were divided into three groups with fixation types similar to those used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: 1) fixation with interference screw; 2) fixation with screw post and toothed washer over knot and suture strand; and )- fixation with screw post and washer combined with interference screw (hybrid fixation). The analyses were performed through pull-out biomechanical tensile tests to determine the stiffness and load to system failure (yield load).

IS SUPERFICIAL COLORECTAL LESIONS WITH LOW AND HIGH GRADES INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS MORE PREVALENT IN OLDER ABOVE 65 YEARS?

Background: Colorectal cancer has a higher incidence in the rectum and sigmoid. However, with the expansion of the diagnosis of superficial lesions interest in the diagnosis and in the role they play in colorectal carcinogenesis has increased.

Aim: To verify the behavior of superficial lesions of the colon and rectum, comparing the pathological and endoscopic findings, below and above 65 years.

Tissue microarray technology and collagen evaluation to analyze surgical trauma performed with usual blade or ultrasonic harmonic scalpels in rats.

Purpose: To compare wound healing performed with cold blade (CSB) and ultrasonic harmonic scalpel (UHS) in the abdominal aponeurosis of rats.

Methods: Eighty Wistar rats divided into two groups and underwent midline incision in the linea alba with cold blade and harmonic ultrasonic scalpel. Analysis were performed in subgroups of 10 animals after 3, 7, 14 and 21 days.

INVOLVEMENT OF CATECHOLAMINES IN THE MYOCARDIUM OF RATS SUBMITTED TO EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION.

Background: The role of autonomic nervous system in the development and maintenance of portal hypertension is not fully elucidated. It is known that the gene expression of norepinephrine in the superior mesenteric artery varies with time, and it may contribute for splanchnic vasodilation and its consequent hemodynamic repercussions. It is still not known exactly how the adrenergic expression behaves at the heart level in the initial stages of this process.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRESENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI WITH INFLAMMATORY ENDOSCOPIC CHANGES IN GASTRODUODENAL MUCOSA.

Background: The influence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in inflammatory disorders of the digestive mucosa has been the subject of several studies since socioeconomic, personal and environmental factors were implicated in the bacteria transmission.

Aim: To correlate the inflammatory endoscopic findings with HP infection and the onset of mucosal diseases mucous of the upper digestive tract.

Method: Comparative observational study, in which were collected data from 2247 patients who underwent upper endoscopy and biopsies for HP with urease test.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ESOPHAGITIS GRADES AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI.

Background: The Helicobacter pylori infection (HP) is related to the development of gastric lesions and lymphoma; however, it is not known if there is a relation with gastroesophageal reflux disease and reflux esophagitis.

Aim: To evaluate HP's relationship with esophagitis in patients undergoing upper endoscopy.

Methods: Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, being evaluated 9576 patients undergoing outpatient endoscopic examination during the period between January and December 2015.

Comparative analysis of endoscopic and histopathological features of superficial elevated lesions resected by endoscopic mucosal resection in the distal and proximal colon.

Objective: to compare endoscopic and histopathologic features of superficial, elevated lesions with one or more centimeters in diameter, diagnosed by videocolonoscopy on the distal and proximal colon, and subjected to mucosal resection.

Methods: we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study involving 8,075 videocolonoscopies. From this total, we evaluated 166 mucosectomies in 145 patients with superficial, elevated lesions with a diameter equal to or greater than 1cm.

Comparison of polyurethane with cyanoacrylate in hemostasis of vascular injury in guinea pigs.

Objective: To evaluate the behavior of castor oil-derived polyurethane as a hemostatic agent and tissue response after abdominal aortic injury and to compare it with 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate.

Methods: Twenty-four Guinea Pigs were randomly divided into three groups of eight animals (I, II, and III). The infrarenal abdominal aorta was dissected, clamped proximally and distally to the vascular puncture site.

Biocompatibility of Ricinus communis polymer with addition of calcium carbonate compared to titanium. Experimental study in guinea pigs.

Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether the difference in inflammatory tissue reaction between the Riccinus communis (castor) polymer with calcium carbonate and the titanium implant is statistically significant.

Methods: Thirty-two Cavia porcellus were allocated into four groups of eight animals each. We implanted the two types of materials in the retroperitoneal space of all the animals.

Rapid prototyping of three-dimensional biomodels as an adjuvant in the surgical planning for intracranial aneurysms.

Purpose: To fabricate a three-dimensional biomodels of intracranial aneurysms, using rapid prototyping technology, to facilitate optimal anatomical visualization of aneurysms prior to and during surgery.

Methods: Four intracranial aneurysms cases were selected for this study. Using CT angiography images, the rapid prototyping process was completed using a PolyJet technology machine.

Biocompatibility of Ricinus comunnis polymer compared to titanium implant used in artificial hearts. Experimental study in guinea pigs.

Objective: The aim of the present investigation is to determine if the tissue reaction to the Riccinus communis (mamona) polymer has significant statistical difference compared to the tissue reaction provoked by the titanium implant.

Methods: Thirty two Cavia porcellus were divided into four groups containing eight animals each one. We implanted the two types of materials in the retroperitoneal space of all the animals.