Assessment of the Sensitivity of the Vocal Tract in Parkinson Disease by Nasal Video Endoscopy.

 Sensory deficits of the upper airways are common in people with Parkinson disease. Compounded by considerable deterioration of the swallowing function, these deficits may contribute to the elevated rates of morbidity and mortality among this population.  To examine the sensitivity of the vocal tracts of people with Parkinson disease using nasal videoendoscopy and to compare the results with paired controls.

Characterization of posterior leakage in swallowing.

Purpose: To describe and characterize a finding, i.e., delayed posterior leakage of food residue during swallowing, according to age, gender and food consistency, which occurred in the event.