[The construction behind chosen names of transgender individuals and related aspects in a medium-sized city in the South of Brazil].

This study analyzed the construction process of the chosen name and related aspects among transgender individuals from a medium-sized municipality in southern Brazil. Qualitative data from a descriptive and exploratory mixed-method study was used. Self-declared trans people aged 18 or over were included.

Reasons for and consequences of tooth loss in adults and elderly people in Brazil: a qualitative metasynthesis.

The objective was to analyze and systematize evidence reported in qualitative studies on the reasons and consequences of tooth loss in adults and elderly people in Brazil. A systematic review of the literature on qualitative research methods and a meta synthesis of the results were performed. The study population consisted of adults over 18 years of age and elderly people in Brazil.

What influences dental students' attitudes regarding the treatment of older adults? A scoping review.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the literature to evaluate dental students' attitudes regarding the treatment of older adults.

Methods: A scoping review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses/PRISMA guidelines to identify articles from four electronic databases: MEDLINE via the PubMed interface, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and AgeLine. Gray literature searches were also performed in Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses-Health and Medicine.

Self-assessed masticatory function and frailty in Brazilian older adults: the FIBRA Study.

Objetive: To investigate the relationship between the masticatory function and the frailty of older people.

Methods: Exploratory cross-sectional study using secondary data from the FIBRA Project on the frailty conditions of older people living in urban areas of six Brazilian municipalities, from 2008 to 2009. The population consisted of older adults aged 65 and over with no cognitive impairment.

Retention, Fasting Patterns, and Weight Loss With an Intermittent Fasting App: Large-Scale, 52-Week Observational Study.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) is an increasingly popular approach to dietary control that focuses on the timing of eating rather than the quantity and content of caloric intake. IF practitioners typically seek to improve their weight and other health factors. Millions of practitioners have turned to purpose-built mobile apps to help them track and adhere to their fasts and monitor changes in their weight and other biometrics.

Tutorial Education Program at a dental school in Southern Brazil: A transforming experience.

Background: The Tutorial Education Program (PET), regulated in 2005 by Law no. 11.180/2004, in addition to transforming higher education in Brazil, has been an essential component for the development of academic students, expanding the education perspective.

Predictors of tooth loss in Brazilian older adults: An 8-year follow-up.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for tooth loss after 8 years among community-dwelling older adults in a southern Brazilian city.

Methods: In 2004, 388 dentate community-dwelling older adults from Carlos Barbosa, southern Brazil, were selected using simple random sampling. In 2012, the follow-up consisted of 199 (51.

Noninvasive Method and Metric for Monitoring Lung Condition.

For hospitalized patients with pulmonary conditions, the onset of respiratory decline can occur unnoticed, due to the absence of a way to continuously and noninvasively monitor lung condition. Based on the relationship between lung volume and pleural pressure, we hypothesized that the time delay (∆t) between the start of a respiratory cycle and the occurrence of lung sounds associated with inspiration would correlate with lung volume. Additionally, we developed a re-search tool, consisting of a respiration belt, digital stethoscope, data collection system and MATLAB algorithm, to measure this delay.

Effect of Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) on immune cell development and function in mice.

Perfluoroctanesulfonate (PFOS) belongs to a larger family of compounds known as Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The strength of the carbon-fluorine bond makes PFOS extremely resistant to environmental degradation. Due to its persistent nature, research has been directed to elucidating possible health effects of PFOS on humans and laboratory animals.

Comparison of Cell Viability and Chemical Composition of Six Latest Generation Orthodontic Wires.

Orthodontic wires are made of alloys containing different metals, including nickel. It is important to evaluate their biocompatibility prior to use, owing to their long-term use in patients. This study compared the cytotoxicity and chemical composition of six latest orthodontic wires: Fantasia®, Tanzo®, FLI®, NT3®, DuoForce®, and Gummetal®.

Sexual Dimorphism of Neuroimmune Cells and Its Impact on the Central Nervous System: a Special Issue.

Neuroimmune-related sex differences contribute to the complexity of neurologic disorders, such as drug abuse, depression, and chronic pain. The collection of articles presented in this issue add to our understanding of sex as a critical biologic variable in the study of psychiatric and neurologic diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Consideration of sex in the design and interpretation of study results is critical.

Oral health and Obesity in Brazilian elders: A longitudinal study.

Objectives: Obesity is an important risk factor for chronic diseases and can also result in greater mortality. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether poor oral health acts as a risk factor for obesity as indicated by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).

Methods: We included in this analysis all participants who volunteered in a cohort study entitled 'Carlos Barbosa Cohort Study-CBCS' in the city of Carlos Barbosa, Southern Brazil.

Perceived discrimination in health services and preventive dental attendance in Brazilian adults.

Objectives: It is evident that discriminatory attitudes affect different dimensions of personal life, including health. This study aimed to verify the association between perceived discrimination in health services and preventive dental attendance in Brazilian adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS), a representative survey of the Brazilian population.

Self-rated general and oral health and associated factors in independently-living older individuals.

The aim of this study was to verify the association between sociodemographic, general health, and oral health data with self-rated general health (SRGH) and self-rated oral health (SROH) in independent-living older Brazilians. This cross-sectional study was part of a larger study with older individuals living independently in the city of Campinas, Brazil - the "Rede FIBRA" Study (the Frailty in Brazilian Elderly Study). A random sample of 688 older individuals responded the SRGH and 673, the SROH.

Factors associated with hyposalivation and xerostomia in older persons in South Brazil.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate characteristics associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation in older persons.

Background: Saliva is one of the most important body fluids and plays an important role in food bolus formation, lubricating the oral mucosa and protecting teeth against demineralisation.

Materials And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study nested within a cohort and includes a sample of 872 older persons living independently in the community, both in rural and urban areas in Carlos Barbosa, Brazil.

Pifithrin-μ modulates microglial activation and promotes histological recovery following spinal cord injury.

Background: Treatments immediately after spinal cord injury (SCI) are anticipated to decrease neuronal death, disruption of neuronal connections, demyelination, and inflammation, and to improve repair and functional recovery. Currently, little can be done to modify the acute phase, which extends to the first 48 hours post-injury. Efforts to intervene have focused on the subsequent phases - secondary (days to weeks) and chronic (months to years) - to both promote healing, prevent further damage, and support patients suffering from SCI.

Toxoplasma gondii alters NMDAR signaling and induces signs of Alzheimer's disease in wild-type, C57BL/6 mice.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with cognitive decline and complete loss of basic functions. The ubiquitous apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infects up to one third of the world's population and is implicated in AD.

Risk assessment of human exposure to Ra-226 in oil produced water from the Bakken Shale.

Unconventional oil production in North Dakota (ND) and other states in the United States uses large amounts of water for hydraulic fracturing to stimulate oil flow. Most of the water used returns to the surface as produced water (PW) containing different constituents. Some of these contents are total dissolved solids and radionuclides.

Oral health of the Latin American elders: What we know and what we should do-Position paper of the Latin American Oral Geriatric Group of the International Association for Dental Research.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to gather information and discuss oral health status of older people in the Latin American and Caribbean region (LAC).

Background: Scarce data are available to portrait the oral situation of older people in the region.

Material And Methods: This review paper is the result of a meeting of the IADR's Latin American Geriatric Oral Research Group held in Porto Alegre, Brazil, in November of 2016, part of the activities of an IADR Regional Development Programme (RDP).

Perceived risks of produced water management and naturally occurring radioactive material content in North Dakota.

Unconventional oil and gas development using hydraulic fracturing has caused conflict and controversy across the globe including the U.S. where some States banned the practice.

Incidence and predictors of edentulism among south Brazilian older adults.

Objective: To identify socioeconomic, demographic, behavioural and clinical predictors of the 8-year incidence of edentulism in south Brazilian older adults.

Methods: Cohort of a representative sample of older persons in Carlos Barbosa, a south Brazil city. A cohort study was conducted using a simple random sample of 392 older people evaluated in 2004, with follow-ups in 2008 and 2012, when 199 participants were evaluated.

Holistic risk assessment of surface water contamination due to Pb-210 in oil produced water from the Bakken Shale.

A holistic risk assessment of surface water (SW) contamination due to lead-210 (Pb-210) in oil produced water (PW) from the Bakken Shale in North Dakota (ND) was conducted. Pb-210 is a relatively long-lived radionuclide and very mobile in water. Because of limited data on Pb-210, a simulation model was developed to determine its concentration based on its parent radium-226 and historical total dissolved solids levels in PW.

Change in Quality of Life and Its Association with Oral Health and Other Factors in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults-A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To determine whether changes in oral health status were associated with decline in quality of life (QoL).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Carlos Barbosa, southern Brazil.

Absence of Cytotoxicity towards Microglia of Iron Oxide (α-FeO) Nanorhombohedra.

Understanding the nature of interactions between nanomaterials, such as commercially ubiquitous hematite (α-FeO) Nanorhombohedra (N-Rhomb) and biological systems is of critical importance for gaining insight into the practical applicability of nanomaterials. Microglia represent the first line of defense in the central nervous system (CNS) during severe injury or disease such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease as illustrative examples. Hence, to analyze the potential cytotoxic effect of nanorhombohedra exposure in the presence of microglia, we have synthesized Rhodamine B (RhB) labeled-α-FeO N-Rhomb, with lengths of 47 ± 10 nm and widths of 35 ± 8 nm.