Concordance of Dye-Spraying Chromoendoscopy and Virtual Chromoendoscopy for Colonic Dysplasia Detection in Longstanding Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background/aims: In the past, dye-spraying chromoendoscopy was the technique of choice for colonic surveillance in patients with long-standing extensive inflammatory bowel disease. Recent evidence suggests that virtual chromoendoscopy is an equally acceptable technique.

Materials And Methods: Eleven gastroenterologists were given a survey with 20 pairs of pictures from inflammatory bowel disease surveillance colonoscopies (10 with nondysplastic lesions, 5 with dysplastic lesions, and 5 with no lesions).

Endoscopic Treatment of an Idiopathic Pancreaticopleural Fistula.

A 61-year-old man was diagnosed with an exudative pleural effusion with raised amylase and bilirubin levels. The patient had no previous history of acute pancreatitis or trauma and no clinical or radiological signs of chronic pancreatitis. On thoracoabdominal computed tomography, a pancreatic pseudocyst with a pancreaticopleural fistula was identified.

Prediction of adenoma recurrence after piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection: interobserver agreement and utilization of the Sydney EMR recurrence tool.

Piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (pEMR) allows resection of larger non-invasive colorectal lesions. Adenoma recurrence is an important limitation and occurs in ≤20%. The present study aimed to validate the Sydney EMR recurrence tool (SERT) score as a predictor of both endoscopic and histologic recurrence and evaluate interobserver agreement in adenoma recurrence based on endoscopic scar assessment, among nonexperts in EMR.

Duodenal Crohn's Disease Complicated by Pancreatitis and Common Bile Duct Obstruction.

Introduction: Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by segmental and transmural involvement of any portion of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Duodenal CD is a rare clinical entity, with the majority of the patients being symptomless - its diagnosis requires a high level of clinical suspicion.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 29-year-old male patient with a 2-month history of weight loss, epigastric pain and postprandial vomiting.

Diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasonography for dilation of common bile duct of indeterminate cause.

Introduction: with the widespread use of abdominal imaging, common bile duct (CBD) dilation is a common problem in the daily practice. However, the significance of a dilated CBD as a predictor of underlying disease has not been well elucidated and there are currently no guidelines for its approach.

Methods: this was a retrospective study of patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) from 2010 to 2017 due to a dilated CBD detected by transabdominal ultrasonography TUS (CBD ≥ 7 mm) or computed tomography (CT) (CBD ≥ 10 mm), with no identified cause (n = 56).

What's next after failure of OTSC® for the closure of gastrostomy fistula? Another OTSC®?

A 55-year-old female patient was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx stage in 2016 and proposed for radical chemo/radiotherapy. A percutaneous endoscopy gastrostomy was performed in 2016 because of the patient´s difficulty in swallowing. The patient had good response to therapy with disease´s remission so the gastrostomy tube was removed in 2018.

High Efficacy of Repeating Colonoscopy by an Advanced Endoscopist after an Incomplete Colonoscopy.

Background And Aims: This study aims to evaluate the role of an advanced endoscopist to study the entire colon after an incomplete colonoscopy.

Methods: All patients with an elective incomplete colonoscopy performed under deep sedation in our department between January 2010 and October 2016 were included. Patients with a colonic stenosis, an inadequate bowel preparation, or a colonoscopy performed without deep sedation were excluded.

ASGE high-risk criteria for choledocholithiasis - Are they applicable in cholecystectomized patients?

Background And Aims: The guidelines by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) suggest that in patients with gallbladder in situ, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be performed in the presence of high-risk criteria for choledocholithiasis, after biochemical tests and abdominal ultrasound. There are no specific recommendations for cholecystectomized patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of ASGE criteria for ERCP in cholecystectomized patients with suspected choledocholithiasis.

Intragastric Balloon for Obesity Treatment: Safety, Tolerance, and Efficacy.

Background: Obesity is an increasing worldwide problem associated with a vast number of comorbidities. Decreasing body weight by only 5-10% has been shown to slow and even prevent the onset of obesity-related comorbidities. Between pharmacological therapy and bariatric surgery a great variety of endoscopic techniques are available, the most common being intragastric balloon (IGB).

Choledocholithiasis in elderly patients with gallbladder in situ - is ERCP sufficient?

Introduction: Along with increased life expectancy, the proportion of elderly patients with choledocholithiasis will increase and with this, the need for endoscopic cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Current recommendations suggest laparoscopic cholecystectomy in all patients with choledocholithiasis to prevent biliary events. However, adherence to these recommendations is low, especially in older patients.

Impact of Histological and Endoscopic Remissions on Clinical Recurrence and Recurrence-free Time in Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Clinical and endoscopic remissions constitute the therapeutic goals in ulcerative colitis (UC). Histological healing is currently not a target in UC. This study aims to determine the impact of the definition of endoscopic remission (Mayo endoscopic subscore [MSe] 0-1) and histological activity in the recurrence of UC and recurrence-free survival time.

Hypersensitivity to azathioprine in a patient with Crohn's disease: a case report.

Azathioprine (AZA) is commonly used in inflammatory bowel disease and many other medical diseases. The most common adverse events of AZA include gastrointestinal effects, hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and pancreatitis.

Predictors of Complications and Mortality in Patients with Self-Expanding Metallic Stents for the Palliation of Malignant Colonic Obstruction.

Introduction: Self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) for palliative purposes in malignant colonic obstruction are an alternative to surgery that has gained popularity over time.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients submitted to SEMS for palliation of obstructing malignant colorectal cancer from 2005 to 2015 to evaluate predictive clinical factors for complications and mortality.

Results: Forty-five patients with high rates of technical and clinical success were included (97.