Cas9 degradation in human cells using phage anti-CRISPR proteins.

Bacteriophages encode anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins that inactivate CRISPR-Cas bacterial immune systems, allowing successful invasion, replication, and prophage integration. Acr proteins inhibit CRISPR-Cas systems using a wide variety of mechanisms. AcrIIA1 is encoded by numerous phages and plasmids, binds specifically to the Cas9 HNH domain, and was the first Acr discovered to inhibit SpyCas9.

Assembly of eIF3 Mediated by Mutually Dependent Subunit Insertion.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3), an essential multi-protein complex involved in translation initiation, is composed of 12 tightly associated subunits in humans. While the overall structure of eIF3 is known, the mechanism of its assembly and structural consequences of dysregulation of eIF3 subunit expression seen in many cancers is largely unknown. Here we show that subunits in eIF3 assemble into eIF3 in an interdependent manner.