Using Machine Learning to Fight Child Acute Malnutrition and Predict Weight Gain During Outpatient Treatment with a Simplified Combined Protocol.

Background/objectives: Child acute malnutrition is a global public health problem, affecting 45 million children under 5 years of age. The World Health Organization recommends monitoring weight gain weekly as an indicator of the correct treatment. However, simplified protocols that do not record the weight and base diagnosis and follow-up in arm circumference at discharge are being tested in emergency settings.

Impact of a simplified treatment protocol for moderate acute malnutrition with a decentralized treatment approach in emergency settings of Niger.

Introduction: Of the 45.4 million children under five affected by acute malnutrition in the world, the majority (31.8 million) are affected by moderate acute malnutrition (MAM).

Effectiveness and Coverage of Severe Acute Malnutrition Treatment with a Simplified Protocol in a Humanitarian Context in Diffa, Niger.

Background: the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and coverage of a simplified protocol that is implemented in health centers (HCs) and health posts (HPs) for children who are suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the humanitarian context of Diffa.

Methods: We conducted a non-randomized community-controlled trial. The control group received outpatient treatment for SAM, without medical complications, at HCs and HPs with the standard protocol of community management of acute malnutrition (CMAM).

() Infection in Wild Rodents from an Emergent Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Yucatan, Mexico.

In 2015, emergent cases of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) were reported in Tinum, Yucatan, Mexico. As part of an eco-epidemiological study to characterize the elements that trigger infection in that area, we conducted a field study to investigate the occurrence of infection in wild rodents. From November 2019 to February 2020, rodents were caught from three sites located in the municipality of Tinum, Yucatan.

Low prevalence of chewing lice (Phthiraptera) in wintering populations of the reed bunting Emberiza schoeniclus (Aves: Passeriformes: Emberizidae) in the Iberian Peninsula.

The reed bunting is a passerine bird of the Palearctic region, some subspecies suffer a decline in their populations. Four species of lice have been cited in reed bunting, but lice studies have not been carried out in the Iberian Peninsula. Between 2018 and 2020 a wintering population of the reed bunting is sampled in the center of the Iberian Peninsula through mist nets.

Genetic variation patterns of β-thalassemia in Western Andalusia (Spain) reveal a structure of specific mutations within the Iberian Peninsula.

Background: Analyses of the genomic variation in the western Mediterranean population are being used to reveal its evolutionary history and to understand the molecular basis of particular diseases.

Aim: To observe the β-thalassemia mutational spectrum in western Andalusia, Spain, in the context of the Mediterranean. In addition, associations between disease and neutral gene variants within the β-globin gene (HBB) were also evaluated.

Human Genomic Diversity Where the Mediterranean Joins the Atlantic.

Throughout the past few years, a lively debate emerged about the timing and magnitude of the human migrations between the Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb. Several pieces of evidence, including archaeological, anthropological, historical, and genetic data, have pointed to a complex and intermingled evolutionary history in the western Mediterranean area. To study to what extent connections across the Strait of Gibraltar and surrounding areas have shaped the present-day genomic diversity of its populations, we have performed a screening of 2.

Paternal lineages in southern Iberia provide time frames for gene flow from mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world.

Background: The geography of southern Iberia and an abundant archaeological record of human occupation are ideal conditions for a full understanding of scenarios of genetic history in the area. Recent advances in the phylogeography of Y-chromosome lineages offer the opportunity to set upper bounds for the appearance of different genetic components.

Aim: To provide a global knowledge on the Y haplogroups observed in Andalusia with their Y microsatellite variation.

Population Genetics of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon.

Background: Characterizing the parasite dynamics and population structure provides useful information to understand the dynamic of transmission and to better target control interventions. Despite considerable efforts for its control, vivax malaria remains a major health problem in Peru. In this study, we have explored the population genetics of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Iquitos, the main city in the Peruvian Amazon, and 25 neighbouring peri-urban as well as rural villages along the Iquitos-Nauta Road.

[Idiopathic scrotal elephantiasis. A case report].

Background: Penoscrotal lymphedema (scrotal elephantiasis) is a condition that has been described in areas in which filariasis is endemic.

Case Report: This paper presents a case of a 45-year-old man with idiopathic lymphedema isolated to the scrotum. After acquired causes of lymphedema were ruled out, the patient was treated with scrotectomy and penoscrotal reconstruction.

[Rosai-Dorfman disease presented with involvement of the adrenal gland. A clinical case reported].

Background: Adrenal gland involvement is a very rare extranodal presentation of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease). Its pathogenesis still remains unknown with many theories about its probable cause. Symptoms and signs of adrenal involvement presentation are uncertain.

[Clinical practice guideline. Traumatic urethral stenosis in males].

The incidence of urethral stenosis in Mexico had not been documented. At the Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, during the year 2010, 629 patients with urethral stenosis were attended as outpatient consultation: 85 % with previous urethral stenosis and 15 % with urethral treatment complication. Urethral stenosis is a chronic illness, with multiple etiological origins and the handling is controversial.