Genomoviruses in Liver Samples of Bats.

CRESS-DNA encompasses a broad spectrum of viruses documented across diverse organisms such as animals, plants, diatoms, fungi, and marine invertebrates. Despite this prevalence, the full extent of these viruses' impact on the environment and their respective hosts remains incompletely understood. Furthermore, an increasing number of viruses within this category lack detailed characterization.

Metagenomic of Liver Tissue Identified at Least Two Genera of Totivirus-like Viruses in Bats.

The family of viruses has a unique genome consisting of double-stranded RNA with two open reading frames that encode the capsid protein (Cap) and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRpol). Most virions in this family are isometric in shape, approximately 40 nm in diameter, and lack an envelope. There are five genera within this family, including , , , , and .

Karyotypic and Molecular Analysis of (Castelnau 1855) from the Lower Amazon River.

is an armored catfish native to South America and an important resource for the ornamental fish industry. Recently, several exotic populations have been introduced into rivers on five continents. Despite its commercial and environmental importance, is poorly studied from a genetic perspective.

Novel in Insectivorous Bats, from the Brazilian Amazon Region.

(CHPV) is a recently characterized genus of the family whose members can infect different hosts, including bats, which constitute the second most diverse order of mammals and are described worldwide as important transmitters of zoonotic diseases. In this study, we identified a new CHPV in bat samples from the municipality of Santarém (Pará state, North Brazil). A total of 18 bats were analyzed using viral metagenomics.

Chromosome painting and phylogenetic analysis suggest that the genus Lophostoma (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) is paraphyletic.

The subfamily Phyllostominae (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) comprises 10 genera of Microchiroptera bats from the Neotropics. The taxonomy of this group is controversial due to incongruities in the phylogenetic relationships evident from different datasets. The genus Lophostoma currently includes eight species whose phylogenetic relationships have not been resolved.

Chromosomal Diversification in Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences.

is a genus of Neotropical fish with eight valid species, in addition to numerous lineages not formally identified. It occurs along the Amazon and Tocantins River basins, in Suriname and in the Guiana shield. There are no karyotypic data in the literature for species of this genus.

DNA barcoding and phylogeography of the Hoplias malabaricus species complex.

Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) is a carnivorous fish species widely distributed from northern to southern South America. This taxon is believed to be a good model for the investigation of biogeographic events that shape the ichthyofauna evolution in the Neotropical freshwater systems. However, many studies have revealed that H.

Mayaro virus detection in the western region of Pará state, Brazil.

Introduction: Mayaro virus (MAYV) was found in Pará state, Brazil, in 1955. Since then, sporadic outbreaks have occurred in different regions of the country.

Methods: Serum sample were collected from 49 individuals in 2016 and were initially tested for dengue virus (DENV) by real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Correction: Four new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Craugastoridae) in the eastern Amazon.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

DNA barcoding for identification of anuran species in the central region of South America.

The use of COI barcodes for specimen identification and species discovery has been a useful molecular approach for the study of Anura. Here, we establish a comprehensive amphibian barcode reference database in a central area of South America, in particular for specimens collected in Mato Grosso do Sul state (Brazil), and to evaluate the applicability of the COI gene for species-level identification. Both distance- and tree-based methods were applied for assessing species boundaries and the accuracy of specimen identification was evaluated.

Four new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Craugastoridae) in the eastern Amazon.

The Pristimantis genus (Anura: Craugastoridae) is the most diverse among all vertebrates with 531 described species. The highest diversity occurs in Ecuador (215 species), followed by Colombia (202), Peru (139), Venezuela (60), Brazil (30), Bolivia (17), Guyana (6) Suriname and French Guiana (5). The genus is divided into 11 species groups.

in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon: DNA barcoding reveals underestimated diversity in a megadiverse genus.

The genus has the highest species diversity among all terrestrial vertebrates, with most species observed in the Andean region and the Guiana Shield. Even with the recent description of a new species, only , and occur in the south of the Amazon River. The lack of taxonomists specialized in the field leads to the propagation of dubious terminologies (e.

DNA barcoding of fish fauna from low order streams of Tapajós River basin.

The Amazon basin harbors a megadiverse fish fauna spread in an intricate network of big rivers and small streams. The Amazonian streams are home of many small sized fishes that remains poorly documented. In order to accelerate the scientific knowledge on these important aquatic systems we adopted a modern integrative approach joining morphology and molecular tools to investigate the ichthyofauna assemblages from low order streams situated on the lower Tapajós River Basin.

Karyotypic variation in the long-whiskered catfish Valenciennes, 1840 (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) from the lower Tapajós, Amazonas and Trombetas Rivers.

The genus LaCépède, 1803 comprises 35 formally recognized species distributed along the major neotropical river basins. Despite conservatism in diploid number with 2n=56, an intense variation of chromosomal morphology (karyotypic formula) has been documented in species. In the present study, we analyzed karyotypes of 20 specimens, identified as Valenciennes, 1840 and collected from the lower courses of the Tapajós, Amazonas and Trombetas Rivers.

Chromosomal evolution and phylogeny in the Nullicauda group (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): evidence from multidirectional chromosome painting.

Background: The family Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera) shows wide morphological, molecular and cytogenetic variation; many disagreements regarding its phylogeny and taxonomy remains to be resolved. In this study, we use chromosome painting with whole chromosome probes from the Phyllostomidae Phyllostomus hastatus and Carollia brevicauda to determine the rearrangements among several genera of the Nullicauda group (subfamilies Gliphonycterinae, Carolliinae, Rhinophyllinae and Stenodermatinae).

Results: These data, when compared with previously published chromosome homology maps, allow the construction of a phylogeny comparable to those previously obtained by morphological and molecular analysis.

Corrigenda: A new species of from eastern Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Craugastoridae). ZooKeys 687: 101-129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.687.

First description of multivalent ring structures in eutherian mammalian meiosis: new chromosomal characterization of Cormura brevirostris (Emballonuridae, Chiroptera).

Twelve specimens of the bat Cormura brevirostris (Emballonuridae: Chiroptera) were collected from four localities in the Brazilian Amazon region and analyzed by classical and molecular cytogenetics. The diploid number and autosomal fundamental number were as previously reported (2n = 22 and FNa = 40, respectively). Fluorescence in situ hybridization using rDNA probes and silver nitrate technique demonstrated the presence of two NOR sites and the presence of internal telomeric sequences at pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes with exception of Y.

Chromosomal phylogeny of Vampyressine bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) with description of two new sex chromosome systems.

Background: The subtribe Vampyressina (sensu Baker et al. 2003) encompasses approximately 43 species and seven genera and is a recent and diversified group of New World leaf-nosed bats specialized in fruit eating. The systematics of this group continues to be debated mainly because of the lack of congruence between topologies generated by molecular and morphological data.

Phylogenetic reconstruction by cross-species chromosome painting and G-banding in four species of Phyllostomini tribe (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in the Brazilian Amazon: an independent evidence for monophyly.

The subfamily Phyllostominae comprises taxa with a variety of feeding strategies. From the cytogenetic point of view, Phyllostominae shows different rates of chromosomal evolution between genera, with Phyllostomus hastatus probably retaining the ancestral karyotype for the subfamily. Since chromosomal rearrangements occur rarely in the genome and have great value as phylogenetic markers and in taxonomic characterization, we analyzed three species: Lophostoma silvicola (LSI), Phyllostomus discolor (PDI) and Tonatia saurophila (TSA), representing the tribe Phyllostomini, collected in the Amazon region, by classic and molecular cytogenetic techniques in order to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships within this tribe.

Karyotypic variation in Rhinophylla pumilio Peters, 1865 and comparative analysis with representatives of two subfamilies of Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera).

The family Phyllostomidae belongs to the most abundant and diverse group of bats in the Neotropics with more morphological traits variation at the family level than any other group within mammals. In this work, we present data of chromosome banding (G, C and Ag-NOR) and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) for representatives of Rhinophylla pumilio Peters, 1865 collected in four states of Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso and Pará). Two karyomorphs were found in this species: 2n=34, FN=64 in populations from western Pará and Mato Grosso states and 2n=34, FN=62 from Amazonas, Bahia, and northeastern Pará and Marajó Island (northern).