Temporal trend, clinicopathologic and sociodemographic characterization of age at diagnosis of breast cancer among US women diagnosed from 1990 to 2009.

This paper investigates the distribution of age at diagnosis of female breast cancer and its association with temporal trend, clinicopathologic and sociodemographic variables in the presence of two latent clusters that are directly unobservable. Such clusters help to identify two subpopulations of either young or old patients whose etiologies are thought to be different. A large sample drawn from registry data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program from 1990 to 2009 was analyzed using a two-component Gaussian mixture model.

[Intrathyroid parathyroid adenomas: right and lower].

Introduction: Intrathyroidal parathyroid adenomas (IPA) are a not an uncommon cause of persistent hyperparathyroidism. There is no consensus on their prevalence, embryological origin and position within the thyroid.

Patients And Method: Retrospective review of prospectively recorded surgical protocols of patients having had parathyroidectomy for primary (n = 437) or secondary (n = 137) hyperparathyroidism by the same surgeon.

Metastatic small cell carcinoma to the thyroid gland: a pathologic and molecular study demonstrating the origin in the urinary bladder.

Small cell carcinomas may occur in the thyroid gland. Infrequently, they are primary tumors, and have been interpreted as variants of medullary thyroid carcinoma. However, the vast majority of small cell carcinomas involving the thyroid gland are metastatic tumors.

A forgotten method to induce experimental chronic renal failure in the rat by ligation of the renal parenchyma.

Background: Animal models of chronic renal failure have been widely used in the experimental nephrology laboratories. The most common technique used is the 5/6 reduction of renal mass, either by surgical resection or by infarction.

Methods: In the present work, we describe a forgotten technique based in the ligation of the renal parenchyma in both renal poles.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the thyroid: a clinicopathological and ultrastructural study of one case.

Thyroid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (TMPNST) are very uncommon neoplasms that can be confused with anaplastic carcinoma, Riedel's thyroiditis, or other soft tissue tumors that may occur in the thyroid region. An example of TMPNST is presented in this report. The tumor occurred in a 56-yr-old woman.