Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in newborn infants with ultrasound in the delivery room.

Point of care ultrasound has emerged as useful tool in cardiac arrest situations in adult population. Despite of these, there is not a protocol for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the delivery room for newborns. We describe two case were ultrasound helped to rule out the cardiopulmonary arrest case and we propose and algorithm were ultrasound is integrated in the newborn resuscitation and may help to diagnose the cardiac arrest cause.

Therapeutic plasma exchange in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is probably due to an autoimmune mechanism with an acute presentation and a monophasic course. The management of patients with ADEM is based on supportive therapy, corticosteroids, and intravenous immunoglobulin, and in selected cases, with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy of TPE, as adjuvant therapy in pediatric patients with ADEM.

The use of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome during infancy and early childhood: multicenter evaluation and expert consensus.

Purpose: A new acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) definition has been recently issued: the so-called Berlin definition (BD) has some characteristics that could make it suitable for pediatrics. The European Society for Pediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) Respiratory Section started a project to evaluate BD validity in early childhood. A secondary aim was reaching a consensus on clinical tools (risk factors list and illustrative radiographs) to help the application of BD.