Low Birth Weight and Related Metabolic Risk Factors, Cardio-Respiratory Fitness and Physical Activity in Adolescents.

Background/objectives: The associations between low birth weight (LBW) and the aggregation of metabolic risk factors (MRF) in youth remain ambiguous. Thus, this study analysed the interrelationship among MRF, LBW, and behavioural factors in adolescents.

Methods: The sample of the present cross-sectional study comprised 491 youth (229 males, 262 females) aged 14-17 years.

Tri-axial accelerometer-assessed physical activity and its association with weight status in a sample of elementary-school children.

Background And Aims: Objective assessment of physical activity (PA) using accelerometers and pedometers has become more accurate and common practice in the study of childhood overweight. The study aimed: i) to compare PA levels and body shape of boys and girls, and assess compliance of active children with the PA recommendation; ii) to analyse associations between the risk of overweight and the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children.

Methods: The sample comprised 395 children (198 girls) aged 6-10 years.

Objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity levels in a sample of pre-school children: amounts and obesity risk.

Objective: Sedentary behaviours, even at an early age, are associated with potential health risks such as obesity, some cardio metabolic risk factors, poorer mental health, and lower levels physical fitness. The aim of this study was twofold: i) to compare objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity (PA) levels in its different intensity portions between boys and girls; ii) to analyse associations among the risk of overweight and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in pre-school children.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study comprised a sample of 134 children (70 males) aged 3-5 years.

Sleep duration, risk of obesity, and parental perceptions of residential neighborhood environments in 6-9 years-old children.

Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the association between healthy sleep duration of children and the parental perception of the social/built environment.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done and a sample of 8273 children (4183 females) aged 6-9 years was observed. Height (cm) and weight (Kg) were measured, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated.

The effects of strength training on cognitive performance in elderly women.

Aging is a degenerative process marked by recognized functional, physiological, and metabolic impairments, such as dynapenia and diminished cognitive capacity. Therefore, the search for innovative strategies to prevent/delay these physiological and cognitive disorders is essential to guarantee the independence and life quality of an elderly population. The aim of this work is to verify the effect of a 12-week resistance exercise program on the general physical aptitude and cognitive capacities of elderly and sedentary women.

Metabolic risk and television time in adolescent females.

Objectives: A sedentary lifestyle is increasingly implicated in a negative metabolic health profile among youth. The present study examined relationships between clustered metabolic risk factors and TV viewing in female adolescents.

Methods: The sample comprised 262 girls 14-17 years.

Relationship between metabolic syndrome and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in youth.

Background: Associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with lifestyle behaviors in youth is potentially important for identifying subgroups at risk and encourage interventions. This study evaluates the associations among the clustering of metabolic risk factors and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in youth.

Methods: The sample comprised 522 girls and 402 boys (N = 924) aged 11 to 17 years.

Independent association of clustered metabolic risk factors with cardiorespiratory fitness in youth aged 11-17 years.

Background: Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased in youth, the potential independent contribution of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to the clustering of metabolic risk factors has received relatively little attention.

Aim: This study evaluated associations between the clustering of metabolic risk factors and CRF in a sample of youth.

Subjects And Methods: Height, weight, BMI, fasting glucose, insulin, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressures were measured in a cross-sectional sample of 924 youth (402 males, 522 females) of 11-17 years.

Variations in the vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) gene are related to lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in healthy girls: a cross-sectional study.

Background/aims: Vitamin D deficiency has been recognized as a worldwide epidemic affecting several pediatric and adolescent populations. We determined the genotype and haplotype distribution of the rs4588 and rs7041 polymorphisms of the GC gene encoding vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and investigated the associations between these gene variants and their haplotypes with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in girls from South Brazil.

Methods: Cross-sectional study including 198 apparently healthy girls aged 10-18 years.

Correlation of cardiorespiratory fitness with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to correlate CRF with cardiovascular risk factors in T1DM children.

Methods: Fifty children and adolescents aged between 9 and 17 years with no diabetes complications and a mean diabetes duration of 4.6 years were selected.

Vitamin D deficiency in girls from South Brazil: a cross-sectional study on prevalence and association with vitamin D receptor gene variants.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a multitude of disorders including diabetes, defective insulin secretion as well as rickets and poor bone health. Vitamin D is also a concern during childhood and adolescence and has been reported in girls from South Brazil. We determined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in girls from South Brazil and investigated whether the genotypic distribution of the BsmI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and their haplotypes were associated with vitamin D levels.

[Metabolic syndrome in adolescents of different nutritional status].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents of different nutritional status.

Subjects And Methods: The sample consisted of 582 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Body mass index (BMI) classification of nutritional status was performed using the NCHS growth charts.

Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic syndrome in adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In adults, there is a substantial body of evidence that physical inactivity or low cardiorespiratory fitness levels are strongly associated with the development of metabolic syndrome. Although this association has been studied extensively in adults, little is known regarding this association in adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness levels with metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents.

Physical activity in children with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To discuss the practical aspects of safe physical activity and sports participation in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Sources: A literature search was conducted using national (SciELO) and international (PubMed/MEDLINE) databases and the reference lists of the articles found, adopting the following limits: articles on physical activity published in the last 10 years, preferably conducted in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Most studies had an experimental design or were meta-analyses.

[Physical activity, lipid consumption and risk factors for atherosclerosis in adolescents].

Background: Atherosclerosis is the coronary disease that most often affects the adult Brazilian population. Although it is a predominantly adult disease, the risk factors can appear in young individuals.

Objective: To verify the association between the physical activity level (PAL) and the consumption of lipids with the risk factors for atherosclerosis in adolescents.

Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with different levels of energy expenditure.

Background: Physical inactivity in adolescence is related to body fat accumulation, which apparently can increase the probability of onset and development of metabolic changes.

Objective: To verify the predisposition to cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with different levels of energy expenditure.

Methods: A total of 108 young men and 132 young women aged between 12 and 16 years were selected.

[Atherosclerotic risk factors associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and BMI in adolescents].

Previous research has demonstrated high prevalence of atherosclerotic risk factors in adolescents; however, the associate factors related to its onset are unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to relate inadequate blood pressure levels, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C and triglycerides (TG) with different VO2máx and BMI levels in a sample of 249 adolescents, aged between 12 to 16 years old. For VO2máx prediction, the 20 meters test was used.