Molecular detection and quantification of canine parvovirus 2 using a fast and sensitive SYBR green-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in dogs affected with gastroenteritis.

Background And Aim: Viral gastroenteritis in canines is primarily caused by the canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2). Infections by this virus can cause severe consequences in dogs, such as fever, vomiting, diarrhea, septicemia, systemic inflammation, and immunosuppression. Therefore, the mortality rate of persistent infections caused by this virus is significantly high.

Molecular and Evolutionary Characteristics of Chicken Parvovirus (ChPV) Genomes Detected in Chickens with Runting-Stunting Syndrome.

Chicken Parvovirus (ChPV) belongs to the genus and is implicated in enteric diseases like runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) in poultry. In RSS, chicken health is affected by diarrhea, depression, and increased mortality, causing significant economic losses in the poultry industry. This study aimed to characterize the ChPV genomes detected in chickens with RSS through a metagenomic approach and compare the molecular and evolutionary characteristics within the species.

Assessing the performance of AI-assisted technicians in liver segmentation, Couinaud division, and lesion detection: a pilot study.

Background: In patients with primary and secondary liver cancer, the number and sizes of lesions, their locations within the Couinaud segments, and the volume and health status of the future liver remnant are key for informing treatment planning. Currently this is performed manually, generally by trained radiologists, who are seeing an inexorable growth in their workload. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and non-radiologist personnel into the workflow potentially addresses the increasing workload without sacrificing accuracy.

Simultaneous detection of infectious bronchitis virus and avian metapneumovirus genotypes A, B, and C by multiplex RT-qPCR assay in chicken tracheal samples in Ecuador.

Respiratory RNA viruses such as Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), which are characterized by generating both respiratory damage and adverse effects on reproductive organs, affect poultry production economically due to high mortality rate and decrease in egg production and quality. Particularly, aMPV has three genotypes that have been reported with greater frequency in chickens: aMPV-A, aMPV-B, and aMPV-C. The present study proposes the design of a multiplex RT-qPCR assay for the simultaneous diagnosis of the 3 genotypes of interest of aMPV and IBV, followed by testing of 200 tracheal samples of vaccinated chickens with respiratory symptoms and finally a phylogenetic analysis of the sequences found.

Molecular Characterization of the Chicken Parvovirus Based on VP1 Gene Circulating in Brazilian Chicken Flocks.

Parvovirus infection affects several animal species, especially young animals. In birds, parvovirus infection has been described in Muscovy ducks, turkeys, and chickens, all of which had enteric diseases characterized by diarrhea. Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) has been detected in poultry around the world in animals affected by enteric problems, showing dwarfism, cloacal pasting, and diarrhea.

Imaging predictors of 4q12 amplified and RB1 mutated glioblastoma IDH-wildtype.

Introduction: Recent studies have identified that glioblastoma IDH-wildtype consists of different molecular subgroups with distinct prognoses. In order to accurately describe and classify gliomas, the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images (VASARI) system was developed. The goal of this study was to evaluate the VASARI characteristics in molecular subgroups of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.

Development of a fast and sensitive RT-qPCR assay based on SYBR® green for diagnostic and quantification of Avian Nephritis Virus (ANV) in chickens affected with enteric disease.

Background: Enteric viruses are among the most prominent etiological agents of Runting-Stunting Syndrome (RSS). The Avian Nephritis Virus (ANV) is an astrovirus associated with enteric diseases in poultry, whose early diagnosis is essential for maintaining a good poultry breeding environment. ANV is an RNA virus that rapidly mutates, except for some conserved regions such as ORF1b.

Comparison of diagnostic tests for detecting bovine brucellosis in animals vaccinated with S19 and RB51 strain vaccines.

Background And Aim: The diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in animals vaccinated with strain-19 (S19) and Rose Bengal (RB)-51 strain vaccines can be misinterpreted due to false positives. This study aimed to compare diagnostic tests for detecting bovine brucellosis in animals vaccinated with S19 and RB51 vaccine strains.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of 12 crossbred Holstein calves between 6 and 8 months of age were used.

Surface antibody changes protein corona both in human and mouse serum but not final opsonization and elimination of targeted polymeric nanoparticles.

Background: Nanoparticles represent one of the most important innovations in the medical field. Among nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) attracted much attention due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and capacity to increase efficacy and safety of encapsulated drugs. Another important improvement in the use of nanoparticles as delivery systems is the conjugation of a targeting agent that enables the nanoparticles to accumulate in a specific tissue.

Imaging of Common and Infrequent Extradural Tumors.

Spinal extradural tumors, although uncommon, have high morbidity and mortality rates. Radiographs and computed tomography scans are typically used to assess and determine the characteristics of these tumors. However, MR imaging is the preferred method for the evaluation of complications that can increase morbidity, such as spinal cord and nerve compression.

Vascular Injuries in Head and Neck Trauma.

Blunt and penetrating vascular injuries of the head and neck can represent life-threatening emergencies that require accurate detection to prevent devastating and long-lasting consequences. Implementing appropriate screening criteria to indicate imaging studies is crucial as there is a variable latent time before the onset of clinical manifestations. Computed tomography angiography, MR imaging, and digital subtraction angiography represent the imaging modalities of choice to evaluate vascular injuries.

Introducing the "Temporal Thumb Sign" in Pediatric Patients With New-Onset Idiopathic Seizures With and Without Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Opening Pressure.

Background: Temporal lobe changes, such as anterior temporal lobe meningoceles or encephaloceles, have been documented as possible epileptogenic foci in a subset of pediatric patients with seizures. In our study, we aim to analyze a different structural change in the temporal lobe, remodeling of the posterior temporal skull base by the inferior temporal gyrus called the "temporal thumb sign" (TTS), in pediatric patients presenting with new-onset seizures with or without elevated opening pressure (OP), patients presenting with confirmed diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) without seizure presentation, and healthy controls.

Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging scans of 163 pediatric patients were studied retrospectively for the presence of TTS.

Detection and molecular characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) in chicken with respiratory signs in Brazil during 2015 and 2016.

Avian infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a respiratory disease that causes severe economic losses in the poultry industry, mainly due to high morbidity and mortality and reduced egg production. Molecular characterization was performed on samples collected from flocks in the Brazilian States of São Paulo, Pernambuco, and Minas Gerais during 2015 and 2016 that presented clinical signs of respiratory disease. End-point PCR was used for viral detection, and DNA sequencing was used for differentiation of vaccine and field strains.

Characterization of acute American football spinal injuries in a multi-center healthcare system.

Purpose: American football is considered one of the more injury-prone sports given its high-speed and high-impact nature. While much attention has been focused on chronic traumatic encephalopathy, spinal injuries represent the most common catastrophic injury incurred in football. The goal of this investigation is to describe the most common football-associated spinal lesions in a multi-center health system.

The Role of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values in Glioblastoma: Differentiating Tumor Progression Versus Treatment-Related Changes.

Objective: Glioblastoma represents the most common primary brain malignancy with a median survival of 15 months. Follow-up examinations are crucial to establish the presence of tumor recurrence, as well as treatment-associated changes such as ischemic infarction and radiation effects. Even though magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable tool, a histopathological diagnosis is often required because of imaging overlap between tumor recurrence and treatment associated changes.

Comparison of two diagnostic methods through blood and urine sample analyses for the detection of ketosis in cattle.

Background And Aim: Several Ecuadorian farms use human test strips (cheaper than veterinary strips) to diagnose bovine ketosis; however, their reliability is unknown. This study aimed to determine the confidence level of human strips for the detection of ketosis in bovines by comparing two diagnostic methods for ketosis: one used in bovines (gold standard) to analyze blood samples and the other used in humans to analyze urine samples.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on an Ecuadorian farm using 50 animals, ten from each of five categories: heifers, 4 months pregnant (4MP), 15 days prepartum (15DPRE), 15 days postpartum (15DPOST), and 42 days postpartum (42DPOST).