The Use of Social Media in Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery Education: A Cross-Sectional Survey of German-Speaking Residents and Medical Students.

Background/objectives: Social media has become a significant part of daily life, with platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp dominating usage. The COVID-19 pandemic further increased social media activity, including within the orthopedic community due to restrictions on physical gatherings. Despite the benefits of instant access to educational resources and interaction with experts, the lack of regulated editorial oversight on social media raises concerns about misinformation and privacy.

Assessing the efficacy: mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of the comprehensive short stem system in reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: For degenerative shoulder disease, reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has proven successful; however, problems such as scapular notching and instability still exist. These difficulties are intended to be addressed by recently improved prosthesis designs with reduced neck-shaft angles (NSA). Still, there are issues with complications, particularly with the humerus.

Simplifying radiologic reports with natural language processing: a novel approach using ChatGPT in enhancing patient understanding of MRI results.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to assess the factual accuracy, completeness of medical information, and potential harmfulness of incorrect conclusions by medical professionals in automatically generated texts of varying complexity (1) using ChatGPT, Furthermore, patients without a medical background were asked to evaluate comprehensibility, information density, and conclusion possibilities (2).

Methods: In the study, five different simplified versions of MRI findings of the knee of different complexity (A: simple, B: moderate, C: complex) were each created using ChatGPT. Subsequently, a group of four medical professionals (two orthopedic surgeons and two radiologists) and a group of 20 consecutive patients evaluated the created reports.

Pain and rehabilitation after total hip arthroplasty are approach dependent: results 6 weeks and 2 years after surgery in a multisurgeon, single-center, and prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was the evaluation of pain, function, and overall satisfaction after total hip arthroplasty (THA) using three different standard surgical approaches (DAA (direct anterior approach), lateral, and posterior approach) 2 years postoperatively. Additionally, we compared the results with recently published results of the same study population 6 weeks postoperatively.

Methods: In a multisurgeon, prospective, single-center cohort study, a total of initial 188 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) between February 2019 and April 2019 were analyzed on pain, function, and satisfaction within the first days, 6 weeks, and 2 years postoperatively according to three different approaches (DAA, lateral, and posterior approach).

Analysis and 3D correction of glenoid dysplasia with metal hemi-wedge base plate augment: short-term radiographic outcomes.

Background: Glenoid defects can be addressed traditionally by asymmetric reaming or by bone-preserving correction to a more lateral joint line by bone or metal augmented baseplates in reverse shoulder arthroplasties. While there is more evidence in literature regarding the outcome and complications of Bony Increased Offset Reversed Shoulder Arthroplasty (BIO-RSA), there is minimal reported experience with the outcome after metal glenoid augments. The aim of this study was to determine whether a metal augment can correct the glenoid deformity in an anatomic manner.

Recreational activity after open hip abductor repair.

Background: Hip abductor tear (HAT) is an increasingly diagnosed cause of refractory lateral hip pain and dysfunction, affecting 10-25% of the general population.

Purpose: (1) to determine the rate of return to activity and to assess the physical and recreational activity of patients undergoing open hip abductor repair (oHATr) and (2) to describe the modification or initiation of new sports disciplines.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Length doesn't play a role - Sexual activity in men after short stem Total hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Chronic hip pain due to osteoarthritis or hip dysplasia has been shown to negatively affect many daily life aspects. One aspect, however, which persists underestimated is sexual health. The number of total hip arthroplasties (THA) are increasing, especially in young patients who have high functional expectations, not only to pain relief, but to an increase in hip mobility and quality of life as well as sexual activity.

Fracture of a titanium femoral neck after revision total hip arthroplasty.

We report a case of a fractured titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) femoral stem 2 years after revision (debridement, antibiotics and implant retention due to periprosthetic joint infection) total hip arthroplasty (THA). Material analysis revealed a superficial abnormality on the upper neck surface caused by local melting with electrocautery probably acting as a stress amplifier. This lesion presumably was the trigger of a fatigue fracture with typical features on the fracture surface.

Patients with combined pelvic and spinal injuries have worse clinical and operative outcomes than patients with isolated pelvic injuries analysis of the German Pelvic Registry.

Background: Pelvic fractures are often associated with spine injury in polytrauma patients. This study aimed to determine whether concomitant spine injury influence the surgical outcome of pelvic fracture.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data of patients registered in the German Pelvic Registry between January 2003 and December 2017.

Open Hip Abductor Repair Hitting the Sack-Abductor Tendon Repair Significantly Improves Sleep Quality.

Purpose: To (1) describe the prevalence of abnormal sleep quality in patients with hip abductor tears (HAT), to (2) determine whether sleep quality improves after open HAT repair, and to (3) to report clinical short-term outcomes in patients undergoing open HAT repair.

Methods: The data of 28 patients (29 hips) who underwant open HAT repair were prospectively analyzed at midterm follow-up. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), the University of California, Los Angeles activity scale (UCLA), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain were determined via questionnaire.

Sports Activity and Patient-Related Outcomes after Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Younger than 40 Years.

Background: The management of degenerative hip diseases in young patients remains a challenge. Despite the improvement of hip-preserving procedures, total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be required in some instances. In addition, young patients undergoing THA have high expectations concerning their postoperative level of activity.

Recreational activity after cementless total hip arthroplasty in patients older than 75 years.

Introduction: This retrospective study aimed to compare activity levels before and at mid-term follow-up after primary cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients older than 75 years.

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 79 patients with a mean age at surgery of 78 years (range 76-84 years) was evaluated 6.3 years (range 4-8 years) after cementless THA due to osteoarthritis and was followed up with a questionnaire to determine their activity level.

Midterm Survivorship of an Uncemented Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Femoral Component and Clinically Meaningful Outcomes in Patients Older Than 75 Years.

Purpose: It remains controversial whether cementless femoral components are safe in elderly patients. The aim of this study was (1) to determine the stem survival rate in patients >75 years of age who were treated with an uncemented femoral component and (2) to report clinically significant results on a mid-term follow-up.

Methods: 107 total hip arthroplasties (THA) were retrospectively evaluated in 97 patients over 75 years of age (mean age 78 years, range 75-87) treated with an uncemented femoral stem.

Sports activity and patient-related outcomes after fixed-bearing lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Background: Unicompartmental osteoarthrosis increasingly affects younger patients who have high expectations concerning their postoperative level of activity. However, there is no available data on the activity level after fixed-bearing lateral unicompartmentalkneearthroplasty (UKA). The aim of this study was to report sports activity after fixed-bearing lateral UKA with a minimum two-year follow up.

The cluster represses receptor tyrosine kinase signaling to determine cell fates in the eye.

Photoreceptors in the crystalline eye are recruited by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/Ras signaling mediated by Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the Sevenless (Sev) receptor. Analyses of an allelic deletion series of the locus, along with a panel of modified genomic rescue transgenes, show that eye patterning depends on both miRNAs. Transcriptional reporter and activity sensor transgenes reveal expression and function of miR-279/996 in non-neural cells of the developing eye.

miRNA suppression of a Notch repressor directs non-neuronal fate in mechanosensory organs.

Although there is abundant evidence that individual microRNA (miRNA) loci repress large cohorts of targets, large-scale knockout studies suggest that most miRNAs are phenotypically dispensable. Here, we identify a rare case of developmental cell specification that is highly dependent on miRNA control of an individual target. We observe that binary cell fate choice in the peripheral sensory organ lineage is controlled by the non-neuronally expressed cluster, with a majority of notum sensory organs exhibiting transformation of sheath cells into ectopic neurons.

Application of a microalgal slurry to soil stimulates heterotrophic activity and promotes bacterial growth.

Active microalgae biomass from wastewater treatment may be given added value as a biofertilizer, but little is known about how this may affect soil nutrient dynamics and biology. If the goal is to recycle waste nutrients and matter, live algae applied in a liquid slurry to soil may add both organic carbon and nutrients while providing other benefits such as biological carbon fixation. However, the potential persistence of unicellular green algae after such an application is not known, nor the influence of their photosynthetic activity on soil organic carbon - the aim of the present study was to probe these basic questions.

Multiple In Vivo Biological Processes Are Mediated by Functionally Redundant Activities of Drosophila mir-279 and mir-996.

While most miRNA knockouts exhibit only subtle defects, a handful of miRNAs are profoundly required for development or physiology. A particularly compelling locus is Drosophila mir-279, which was reported as essential to restrict the emergence of CO2-sensing neurons, to maintain circadian rhythm, and to regulate ovarian border cells. The mir-996 locus is located near mir-279 and bears a similar seed, but they otherwise have distinct, conserved, non-seed sequences, suggesting their evolutionary maintenance for separate functions.

A genetic strategy to obtain P-Gal4 elements in the Drosophila Hox genes.

The Drosophila Gal4/UAS system allows the expression of any gene of interest in restricted domains. We devised a genetic strategy, based on the P-element replacement and UAS-y (+) techniques, to generate Gal4 lines inserted in Hox genes of Drosophila that are, at the same time, mutant for the resident genes. This makes possible to express different wild-type or mutant Hox proteins in the precise domains of Hox gene expression, and thus to test the functional value of these proteins in mutant rescue experiments.

Differential activity of Drosophila Hox genes induces myosin expression and can maintain compartment boundaries.

Compartments are units of cell lineage that subdivide territories with different developmental potential. In Drosophila, the wing and haltere discs are subdivided into anterior and posterior (A/P) compartments, which require the activity of Hedgehog, and into dorsal and ventral (D/V) compartments, needing Notch signaling. There is enrichment in actomyosin proteins at the compartment boundaries, suggesting a role for these proteins in their maintenance.

Integration of RNA processing and expression level control modulates the function of the Drosophila Hox gene Ultrabithorax during adult development.

Although most metazoan genes undergo alternative splicing, the functional relevance of the majority of alternative splicing products is still unknown. Here we explore this problem in the Drosophila Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx). Ubx produces a family of six protein isoforms through alternative splicing.

Function and specificity of Hox genes.

The Hox genes specify different structures along the anteroposterior axis of bilaterians. They code for transcription factors including a conserved domain, the homeodomain, that binds DNA. The specificity of Hox function is determined by each gene controlling the expression of different groups of downstream genes.

The ultrabithorax Hox gene of Drosophila controls haltere size by regulating the Dpp pathway.

The halteres and wings of Drosophila are homologous thoracic appendages, which share common positional information provided by signaling pathways. The activity in the haltere discs of the Ultrabithorax (Ubx) Hox gene establishes the differences between these structures, their different size being an obvious one. We show here that Ubx regulates the activity of the Decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling pathway at different levels, and that this regulation is instrumental in establishing the size difference.

A simple and efficient method to identify replacements of P-lacZ by P-Gal4 lines allows obtaining Gal4 insertions in the bithorax complex of Drosophila.

The functional replacement of one gene product by another one is a powerful method to study specificity in development and evolution. In Drosophila, the Gal4/UAS method has been used to analyze in vivo such functional substitutions. To this aim, Gal4 lines that inactivate a gene and reproduce its expression pattern are required, and they can be frequently obtained by replacing pre-existing P-lacZ lines with such characteristics.

Requirement of Abdominal-A and Abdominal-B in the developing genitalia of Drosophila breaks the posterior downregulation rule.

The genitalia of Drosophila derive from the genital disc and require the activity of the Abdominal-B (Abd-B) Hox gene. This gene encodes two different proteins, Abd-B M and Abd-B R. We show here that the embryonic genital disc, like the larval genital disc, is formed by cells from the eighth (A8), ninth (A9) and tenth (A10) abdominal segments, which most likely express the Abd-B M, Abd-B R and Caudal products, respectively.