Radionuclides as natural tracers of the interaction between groundwater and surface water in the River Andarax, Spain.

The identification of specific aquifers that supply water to river systems is fundamental to understanding the dynamics of the rivers' hydrochemistry, particularly in arid and semiarid environments where river flow may be discontinuous. There are multiple methods to identify the source of river water. In this study of the River Andarax, in the Southeast of Spain, an analysis of natural tracers (physico-chemical parameters, uranium, radium and radon) in surface water and groundwater indicates that chemical parameters and uranium clearly identify the areas where there is groundwater-surface water interaction.

Simple, rapid, and sensitive determination of beta-blockers in environmental water using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

A novel method, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection is proposed for the determination of three beta-blockers (metoprolol, bisoprolol, and betaxolol) in ground water, river water, and bottled mineral water. Some important parameters, such as the kind and volume of extraction and dispersive solvents, extraction time, pH, and salt effect were investigated and optimized. In the method, a suitable mixture of extraction solvent (60 μL carbon tetrachloride) and dispersive solvent (1 mL acetonitrile) were injected into the aqueous samples (5.

Identification of the origin of salinization in groundwater using minor ions (Lower Andarax, Southeast Spain).

The study of salinization of groundwater in the Detrital Aquifer of the Lower Andarax is highly complex due to the semiarid climate, the presence of evaporites, proximity to the sea and localized geothermal manifestations in the area. The salinization has been characterized by jointly studying the content of various minor ions (B, Br and Li) and a series of ionic relationships (B/Li, SO4/Cl, Na/Cl, Cl/B). The combined analysis of B and Li enabled the areas with a marked marine influence to be distinguished from those with an evaporite or geothermal influence.