Association between ultrapocessed food and chronic kidney disease.

The modern diet is closely linked to the consumption of processed foods, causing an increase in the intake of salt, simple sugars, phosphorus and added potassium. This excess intake is associated with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD, which according to data from the ENRICA study affects 15% of the population, magnifies its impact due to the higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and due to limitations in the management of sodium and phosphorus.

[Multidisciplinary nutritional consensus on assessment and nutritional dietary treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection].

The presence of malnutrition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high, it can be made worse by SARS-CoV-2 infection.The nutritional assessment should be adapted to minimize the infection, recommending monitoring: weight loss percentage, body mass index (BMI), loss of appetite, analytical parameters and functional capacity using the dynamometer. As well as the sarcopenia assessment using the SCARF scale, and the possibility of using the GLIM criteria in those patients who have been tested positive by MUST.

Multidisciplinary nutritional consensus on assessment and nutritional dietary treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The presence of malnutrition in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is high, it can be made worse by SARS-CoV2 infection. The nutritional assessment should be adapted to minimize the infection, recommending monitoring: weight loss percentage, body mass index (BMI), loss of appetite, analytical parameters and functional capacity using the dynamometer. As well as the sarcopenia assessment using the SCARF scale, and the possibility of using the GLIM criteria in those patients who have been tested positive by MUST.

Survival and quality of life in elderly patients in conservative management.

Introduction: Conservative Management (CM) has become a therapeutic option in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in the elderly. However, there is a lack of evidence about prognosis of these patients in terms of survival and health related quality of life (HRQoL).

Objective: Establish predictive variables associated with mortality and analyse HRQoL in CM patients.

Risk of mortality associated to chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 13-year follow-up.

Objective: Our aim was to assess the usefulness of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) to predict the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: This is a prospective cohort study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical end-point was mortality rate.

Hidden sources of phosphorus: presence of phosphorus-containing additives in processed foods.

Introduction And Objectives: An increased consumption of processed foods that include phosphorus-containing additives has led us to propose the following working hypothesis: using phosphate-rich additives that can be easily absorbed in processed foods involves a significant increase in phosphorus in the diet, which may be considered as hidden phosphorus since it is not registered in the food composition tables.

Materials And Method: The quantity of phosphorus contained in 118 processed products was determined by spectrophotometry and the results were contrasted with the food composition tables of the Higher Education Centre of Nutrition and Diet, those of Morandeira and those of the BEDCA (Spanish Food Composition Database) Network.

Results: Food processing frequently involves the use of phosphoric additives.

[Morbidity and mortality cardiovascular risk in dependence of type 2 diabetes duration].

Introduction: This study was aimed to assess the prognostic importance of diabetes duration to predict cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods: Prospective cohort study with inclusion of type 2 diabetic patients. Follow-up lasted until the appearance of a cardiovascular event, until death or until 2012.

The impact of processing meat and fish products on phosphorus intake in chronic kidney disease patients.

Introduction And Objectives: The use of phosphate additives in meat and fish processing leads to a phosphorus overload that we cannot quantify through labelling or food composition tables. We analysed this increase by measuring phosphorus content in these products by spectrophotometry.

Materials And Method: We determined the phosphorus/protein ratio in fresh meat and fish products with varying degrees of processing by spectrophotometry (phosphorus) and the Kjeldahl method (proteins).

[Microalbuminuria accounts for the increased vascular disease risk in diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome].

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the metabolic syndrome on vascular disease risk in patients with type-2 diabetes. A prospective cohort study was carried out. The main dependent variable was the combination of coronary disease, stroke and lower leg amputation.

[Diabetic retinopathy and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients].

Background And Objective: This study was intended to assess the independent contribution of retinopathy to mortality in type 2 diabetic patients.

Patients And Method: Prospective cohort study. Type 2 diabetic patients with available fundus were included.

Microalbuminuria presents the same vascular risk as overt CVD in type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: We attempted to assess whether microalbuminuria conferred the same cardiovascular risk as overt CVD in type 2 diabetic patients.

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study including 436 type 2 diabetic patients (64.8+/-9.

[Metabolic syndrome as a cardiovascular risk factor in patients with type 2 diabetes].

Introduction And Objectives: To assess the cardiovascular risk associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients and method. Prospective cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Mild renal insufficiency as a cardiovascular risk factor in non-proteinuric type II diabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate cardiovascular risk according to baseline renal function in a group of non-proteinuric type II diabetic patients.

Material And Methods: Prospective study with a follow-up of 423 non-proteinuric type II diabetic patients with creatinine <150 micromol/l for an average of 4.7 years (S.

Fasting plasma glucose variability as a risk factor of retinopathy in Type 2 diabetic patients.

Aims/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether plasma glucose variability, irrespective of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), was able to predict the onset of retinopathy in Type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods: The study was based on a cohort of 130 Type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy recruited from June 1994 to June 1998. The fundus was reexamined between November 2000 and June 2001, with a mean follow-up period of 5.