Evaluation of Resistance Management for the Oriental Fruit Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to Insecticides in Brazilian Apple Orchards.

The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busk, 1916), is one of the most important pests in apple orchards in southern Brazil. Chemical control is still the most commonly used strategy for pest control. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance evolution of seven South Brazilian populations to four insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, lufenuron, chlorpyrifos, and fenitrothion).