Risk and protective factors for secondary procedures after endoscopic dilatation of primary obstructive megaureters.

Purpose: High-pressure balloon dilatation (HPBD) of the ureterovesical junction with double-J stenting is a minimally invasive alternative to ureteral reimplantation or cutaneous ureterostomy for first-line surgical treatment of primary obstructive megaureter (POM). The aim of our study was to identify the risk factors associated with the need for secondary procedures due to HPBD failure.

Methods: Prospective data were collected from patients who underwent HPBD for POM between 2007 and 2021 at a single institution.

A novel therapy for idiopathic urethritis in children: Local steroid injection.

Idiopathic urethritis (IU) is difficult to manage and there is no standarized therapy. The technique of local steroid injection (LSI) for the treatment of IU in children and the results of the patients undergoing LSI from 2020 to 2021 in a single center are presented. Seven patients with IU underwent LSI.

Long-term outcome of randomized clinical trial between polyacrylate-polyalcohol copolymer (PPC) and dextranomer-hyaluronic acid copolymer (Dx/HA) as bulking agents for endoscopic treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

Objective: The aim of our study is to compare long-term outcome of endoscopic treatment of VUR using PPC or Dx/HA.

Patients And Methods: From October 2014 to April 2017 patients with VUR grades from 3 to 5 that needed endoscopic treatment were eligible for this RCT. Patients were randomized in two groups: PPC and Dx/HA.

Are weight or age limits for pediatric laparoscopic pyeloplasty? Results of a multicentric study.

Introduction: Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty is the technique of choice for the treatment of pyeloureteral junction obstruction (PUJO) with an excellent success rate. Minimally invasive surgery has become the standard of care for the management of PUJO in children. Although it has been comparable to the open approach at all levels, its diffusion or employment in younger children has not been widely adopted.

Latitudes and attitudes: A multinational study of laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children.

Purpose: The Anderson-Hynes technique has been the treatment of choice for primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children. Laparoscopic approach has shown similar outcomes to open, with advantages of shorter hospital stay and less pain. We reviewed the experience of 11 geographically diverse, tertiary pediatric urology institutions focusing on the outcomes and complications of laparoscopic pyeloplasty.

Comparison between mini-laparoscopy, conventional laparoscopy and open approach for ureteropelvic junction obstruction treatment in children.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare 3 mm mini-laparoscopy (mini LP), standard 5 mm laparoscopy (LP) and open surgery for pediatric pyeloplasty in a single center.

Methods: Patients who underwent pyeloplasty from 1997 to 2017 at Hospital Sant Joan de Déu were prospectively collected. Demographic data, clinical, surgical and radiological variables were assessed.

Incidence and risk factors for calcification after dextranomer/hyaluronic acid (Dx/HA) copolymer injection for vesicoureteral reflux.

Introduction: Since the first case of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid (Dx/HA) implant calcification in 2008, concern about the long-term sequelae of Dx/HA injection has been growing. According to previous reports, the incidence of Dx/HA calcification 4 years after injection would be around 2%.

Aim: The primary aim was to estimate the incidence of Dx/HA implant calcification after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric patients.

Value of supranormal function on Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine renal scan in paediatric patients with obstructive hydronephrosis.

Objectives: To study related factors and clinical significance of supranormal function in paediatric patients with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, and to predict which factors cause renal function overestimation.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent pyeloplasty from 2012 to 2017 were prospectively collected. Variables were compared between patients with and without supranormal function on Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine renal scan (supranormal defined as differential renal function [DRF] ≥55%).

Postoperative vesicoureteral reflux after high-pressure balloon dilation of the ureterovesical junction in primary obstructive megaureter. Incidence, management and predisposing factors.

Objective: To describe the incidence, predisposing factors and management of postoperative vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) after high-pressure balloon dilation to treat primary obstructive megaureter (POM).

Materials And Methods: We have reviewed patients that underwent endoscopic treatment for POM from May 2008 to November 2013. All patients were evaluated with renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography and diuretic renogram.

Anderson-hynes pyeloplasty in patients less than 12 months old. Is the laparoscopic approach safe and feasible?

Purpose: The aim of our study is to compare the outcomes of open and laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children less than 12 months of age.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed all medical charts of patients less than 12 months old who underwent pyeloplasty from January 2007 to February 2013. We divided them in two groups: Open pyeloplasty (OP) and laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP).

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in children and adolescents: six-case series and review of the literature.

Objective: Lower urinary tract tumours are uncommon in paediatrics. Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCCB) is rarely found in the first two decades of life and is exceptional under 10 years of age. The present series aimed to expand the number of reported cases in the literature.

Heminephroureterectomy for duplex kidney: laparoscopy versus open surgery.

Objective: To report our experience of laparoscopic heminephroureterectomy (Hnu) in pediatric patients with duplex anomalies, in comparison to open surgery.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of data from patients who underwent Hnu from 2005 to 2008 was performed. The patients were divided into two groups: laparoscopic (LHnu) and open surgery (OHnu).

Urinary and gastrointestinal malakoplakia in a 12-year-old girl.

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease that was originally described in the urinary bladder but can involve many other organs and soft tissues. It is believed to be caused by an alteration in the bacterial phagocytic system. Clinically, it is described as single or multiple tumors that can appear in any part of the body.

Median raphe cysts of the perineum in children.

Median raphe cysts of the perineum are uncommon congenital lesions of the male genitalia. They can be found all the way from the distal penis and scrotum toward the perineum in a midline position. They are considered as congenital alterations in embryologic development.

Bronchial complication of a closed-tube endotracheal suction catheter.

Iatrogenic bronchial complications in intubated premature infants are rare. The authors present one case of rupture of a closed-tube endotracheal suction catheter. Clinical presentation was a persistent pneumothorax that required chest tube placement in several days.