Effects of selenium on liver and muscle contents and urinary excretion of zinc, copper, iron and manganese.

Selenium is a main component of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), a key antioxidant enzyme. Other elements, such as zinc, copper, manganese and iron, are also involved in the pathogenesis of oxidative damage as well as in other important metabolic pathways. The effects of selenium supplementation on the metabolism of these elements have yield controversial results .

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on bone manganese and copper.

Both manganese and copper may affect bone synthesis. Bone content of both metals can be altered in alcoholics, although controversy exists regarding this matter. To analyse the relative and combined effects of ethanol and a low protein diet on bone copper and manganese, and their relationships with bone structure and metabolism, including trabecular bone mass (TBM), osteoid area (OA), osteocalcin (OCN), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH), urinary hydroxyproline (uHP) and vitamin D.

Relative and combined effects of selenium, protein deficiency and ethanol on bone.

Unlabelled: Some observations suggest that oxidative damage may affect both osteoblastic function and osteoclastic activity in alcohol-mediated bone alterations. Selenium, a potent antioxidant, is decreased in alcoholics.

Objective: To analyse if the supplementation with selenium may alter bone changes observed in a murine model fed ethanol and/or a 2% protein-containing diet, following the Lieber-deCarli design.

Relative and combined effects of chronic alcohol consumption and HCV infection on serum zinc, copper, and selenium.

In alcoholic hepatitis, Kupffer cells are activated by intestinal gram-bacteria, leading to cytokine production and free radicals release, which, enhancing cytokine secretion, create a positive feedback loop which contributes to liver inflammation. Free radicals also damage the liver in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a condition frequently associated to alcohol consumption. In both situations, activity of antioxidant enzymes and of its cofactors zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and copper (Cu) is important.

Prognostic value of serum selenium levels in alcoholics.

In alcoholics, exposure of Kupffer cells to intestinal-borne Gram-negative bacteria increases free radical release, which may, in turn, enhance cytokine secretion, creating a positive feedback loop, which contributes to liver inflammation. Impaired antioxidant mechanisms further aggravates this scenario. Some trace elements, such as selenium, are main cofactors of antioxidant enzymes.