Quantifying the Impact of High-Pressure Processing on the Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Activity, and Pollen Morphology in Honey.

Honey can benefit from non-thermal processing techniques such as high-pressure processing (HPP) to improve its quality and bioactivity. This study investigated the impact of HPP (600 MPa for 5, 10, and 15 min) on honey's quality, including the levels of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and phenolic profile. HPP treatment did not significantly affect HMF or TPC levels but led to selective changes in the phenolic profile.

Fermented Grapevine Leaves: Potential Preserving Agent in Yogurt.

In this study, we monitored the fermentative process of L. leaves (grapevine), spontaneously or promoted by , in both solid and liquid media. We also aimed to evaluate the effect on the bioactivity and shelf life of yogurt incorporating fermented and non-fermented grapevine leaves compared to yogurt produced with the preservative potassium sorbate.

Contribution to Characterizing the Meat Quality of Protected Designation of Origin Serrana and Preta de Montesinho Kids Using the Near-Infrared Reflectance Methodology.

The aims of this study were to describe and compare the meat quality characteristics of male and female kids from the "Serrana" and "Preta de Montesinho" breeds certified as "Cabrito Transmontano" and reinforce the performance of near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectra in predicting these quality characteristics and discriminating among breeds. Samples of ( = 32; sixteen per breed; eight males and eight females) were used. Breed significantly affected meat quality characteristics, with only color and fatty acid (FA) (C12:0) being influenced by sex.

Microbiological and Physicochemical Evaluation of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) and Propolis Film Coatings for Cheese Preservation.

Dairy products are highly susceptible to contamination from microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and propolis film as protective coatings for cheese. For this, microbiological analyses were carried out over the cheese' ripening period, focusing on total mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and moulds, lactic acid bacteria, total coliforms, , and .

Can Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Replace a Panel of Tasters in Sensory Analysis of Dry-Cured Bísaro Loin?

This study involved a comprehensive examination of sensory attributes in dry-cured Bísaro loins, including odor, androsterone, scatol, lean color, fat color, hardness, juiciness, chewiness, flavor intensity and flavor persistence. An analysis of 40 samples revealed a wide variation in these attributes, ensuring a robust margin for multivariate calibration purposes. The respective near-infrared (NIR) spectra unveiled distinct peaks associated with significant components, such as proteins, lipids and water.

Geopropolis: Chemical Composition and Bioactivity.

Geopropolis has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. In this study, the botanical origin, physicochemical profile, and biological activities of geopropolis from harvested during rainy and dry seasons were investigated. Palynological analysis identified over 50 pollen types, with and being the predominant types.

Comparative Methods to Evaluate the Antioxidant Capacity of Propolis: An Attempt to Explain the Differences.

Propolis is a natural product produced by bees that contains a complex mixture of compounds, including phenolic compounds and flavonoids. These compounds contribute to its biological activities, such as antioxidant capacity. This study analysed the pollen profile, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant properties, and phenolic compound profile of four propolis samples from Portugal.

SVM Regression to Assess Meat Characteristics of Bísaro Pig Loins Using NIRS Methodology.

This study evaluates the ability of the near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to estimate the aW, protein, moisture, ash, fat, collagen, texture, pigments, and WHC in the (LTL) of Bísaro pig. Samples ( = 40) of the LTL muscle were minced and scanned in an FT-NIR MasterTM N500 (BÜCHI) over a NIR spectral range of 4000-10,000 cm with a resolution of 4 cm. The PLS and SVM regression models were developed using the spectra's math treatment, DV1, DV2, MSC, SNV, and SMT ( = 40).

Shedding light on the physical nature of ion pair interactions involving carba--dodecaborate anions. Insights from computation.

-Carboranes are structures that have been studied for many decades due to their vast applicability in medicine, catalysis, and energy storage. In order to go deeper into the physics behind the interactions of oppositely charged ions, which have potential applications in electrical energy storage and conversion devices, the present work aims to shed light on the physical nature of the interactions involving (R-CBH, R = H, F, CH, CF) and M = Li, Na, Mg, Zn ions. The bonding situations are evaluated in light of both canonical Kohn-Sham energy decomposition, EDA-NOCV, and local energy decomposition, LED, analyses.

Semi-Quantitative Discrimination of Honey Adulterated with Cane Sugar Solution by an ETongue.

This study successfully applied a potentiometric E-tongue with 20 cross-selectivity lipidic polymeric membranes in the discrimination of three semi-quantitative groups, that represented the following intervals of honey adulteration percentage with cane sugar: 0 %; [0, 10]%; [10, 20]% of adulteration. We analysed five different types of Portuguese honey; five brands of cane sugar were added to the adulterated samples; a comparative analysis was then performed. Linear discriminant analysis coupled with a tabu search algorithm for feature selection was applied to the ETongue's analytical data to select the best model.

Screening of the Role of the Chemical Structure in the Electrochemical Stability Window of Ionic Liquids: DFT Calculations Combined with Data Mining.

Ionic liquids have attracted the attention of researchers as possible electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage devices. However, their properties, such as the electrochemical stability window (ESW), ionic conductivity, and diffusivity, are influenced both by the chemical structures of cations and anions and by their combinations. Most studies in the literature focus on the understanding of common ionic liquids, and little effort has been made to find ways to improve our atomistic understanding of those systems.

Osmotic Method for Calculating Surface Pressure of Monolayers in Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Surface pressure is a fundamental thermodynamic property related to the activity of molecules at interfaces. In molecular simulations, it is typically calculated from its definition: the difference between the surface tension of the air-water and air-surfactant interfaces. In this Letter, we show how to connect the surface pressure with a two-dimensional osmotic pressure and how to take advantage of this analogy to obtain a practical method of calculating surface pressure-area isotherms in molecular simulation.

In vitro enantioselective inhibition of the main human CYP450 enzymes involved in drug metabolism by the chiral pesticide tebuconazole.

Tebuconazole (TEB) is a chiral triazole fungicide worldwide employed to control plant pathogens and preserve wood. People can be exposed to TEB either through diet and occupational contamination. This work investigates the in vitro inhibitory potential of rac-TEB, S-(+)-TEB, and R-(-)-TEB over the main cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) using human liver microsomes to predict TEB in vivo inhibition potential.

Simultaneously prediction of sheep and goat carcass composition and body fat depots using in vivo ultrasound measurements and live weight.

The present study established multiple linear regression models using two ultrasound in vivo measurements (at lumbar and sternal regions, with different real-time ultrasonography machines and probes) and live weight, to predict simultaneously carcass composition and body fat depots of different breeds of sheep and goat. This study is important for the small ruminant industry, considering the feasibility of using the ultrasound methodology in field conditions, as well as an online system of the carcass evaluation. The multiple linear regression models were obtained by selecting the best subset of variables between using the in vivo measurements (raw variables), their second degree and interactions, evaluated in terms of prediction performance using cross-validation "K-folds" and validated by a test group.

Analysis of Phenolic Content in Grape Seeds and Skins by Means of a Bio-Electronic Tongue.

A bio-electronic tongue has been developed to evaluate the phenolic content of grape residues (seeds and skins) in a fast and easy way with industrial use in mind. A voltammetric electronic tongue has been designed based on carbon resin electrodes modified with tyrosinase combined with electron mediators. The presence of the phenoloxydase promotes the selectivity and specificity towards phenols.

An electronic tongue as a classifier tool for assessing perfume olfactory family and storage time-period.

The identification of more than three perfumes is difficult and no analytical tool can completely replace the human olfactory system for fragrance classification. Indeed, no analytical system can mimic the human fragrance perception, being the recognition of perfume aroma patterns by conventional or sensor-based analytical tools a challenging task. For the perfume sector, the possibility of applying fast, cost-effective and green analytical devices for perfume analysis would represent a huge economic revenue.

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Polymer-Ionic Liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetracyanoborate) Ternary Electrolyte for Sodium and Potassium Ion Batteries.

We have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate ([EMIM][B(CN)]) ionic liquid to investigate the impact of addition of Na/K[B(CN)] salts and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) on transport properties. These ternary mixtures are promising electrolyte materials for Na-ion and K-ion batteries as alternatives to the traditional Li-ion ones. In addition, local structure was assessed through radial distribution functions.

Volatile Composition and Sensory Properties of Mead.

Mead is a traditional beverage that results from the alcoholic fermentation of diluted honey performed by yeasts. Although the process of mead production has been optimized in recent years, studies focused on its sensory properties are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this work was to analyse the sensory attributes of mead produced with free or immobilized cells of the strains QA23 and ICV D47, and to establish potential correlations with its volatile composition.

Synergistic long-range effects of mutations underlie aggregation propensities of amylin analogues.

The USFDA has approved pramlintide, commercially named Symlin (sIAPP), as adjunctive therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D). This analogue of the human amylin peptide (hIAPP) has triple proline substitutions typical of the rat isoform (rIAPP). Recently, it was proposed that pramlintide solubility and aggregation resistance might be improved by incorporating further mutations, as S20R, screened from the wild-type porcine isoform (pIAPP), which leads to the variant named sIAPP.

An Explanation about the Use of ()-Citronellal as a Chiral Derivatizing Agent (CDA) in H and C NMR for -Butylamine, Methylbenzylamine, and Amphetamine: A Theoretical-Experimental Study.

A chiral derivatizing agent (CDA) with the aldehyde function has been widely used in discriminating chiral amines because of the easy formation of imines under mild conditions. There is a preference for the use of cyclic aldehydes as a CDA since their lower conformational flexibility favors the differentiation of the diastereoisomeric derivatives. In this study, the imines obtained from the reaction between ()-citronellal and the chiral amines (-butylamine, methylbenzylamine, and amphetamine) were analyzed by the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE).

In vitro enantioselective study of the toxicokinetic effects of chiral fungicide tebuconazole in human liver microsomes.

Tebuconazole (TEB) is a chiral triazole fungicide that is globally marketed and used as a racemic mixture to control plant pathogens. Due to its use as a racemic mixture, TEB may exhibit enantioselective toxicokinetics toward nontarget organisms, including humans. Therefore, the in vitro enantioselective metabolism of TEB by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) was studied using human liver microsomes, and the in vivo toxicokinetic parameters were predicted.

Myclobutanil enantioselective risk assessment in humans through in vitro CYP450 reactions: Metabolism and inhibition studies.

Myclobutanil is a chiral triazole fungicide that is employed worldwide. Although enantiomers have the same physical-chemical properties, they may differ in terms of activity, metabolism, and toxicity. This investigation consisted of in vitro enantioselective metabolism studies that employed a human model to assess the risks of myclobutanil in humans.

Bioactive Components and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Different Varieties of Honey: A Screening Prior to Clinical Application.

This study assessed 16 different honey samples in order to select the best one for therapeutic purposes. First, a study of honey's main bioactive compounds was carried out. Then phenolic profiles were determined and specific compounds quantified using a HPLC system coupled to a mass spectrometer.