Variables influencing the prediction of fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Prediction of fluid responsiveness in acutely ill patients might be influenced by a number of clinical and technical factors. We aim to identify variables potentially modifying the operative performance of fluid responsiveness predictors commonly used in clinical practice.

Methods: A sensitive strategy was conducted in the Medline and Embase databases to search for prospective studies assessing the operative performance of pulse pressure variation, stroke volume variation, passive leg raising (PLR), end-expiratory occlusion test (EEOT), mini-fluid challenge, and tidal volume challenge to predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill and acutely ill surgical patients published between January 1999 and February 2023.

UNVEILING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DYNAMIC ARTERIAL ELASTANCE: AN INSIGHTFUL APPROACH TO ASSESSING ARTERIAL LOAD IN AN ENDOTOXIN SHOCK MODEL.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic arterial elastance (EaDyn) and the pulsatile and steady components of arterial load in an endotoxin shock model using a two-element Windkessel model and to describe the behavior of EaDyn in this model. Methods : Ten female Yorkshire pigs were administered lipopolysaccharide intravenously to induce endotoxin shock, while three female pigs served as the control group. Measurements of EaDyn (ratio between pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation), effective arterial elastance, arterial compliance (Cart), and systemic vascular resistance were taken every 30 min in the endotoxin group until shock was induced.

Changes of operative performance of pulse pressure variation as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in endotoxin shock.

Several limitations regarding pulse pressure variation (PPV) use have been reported. Our aim was to describe changes in the PPV operative performance as a predictor of fluid responsiveness during the development of a swine endotoxin shock model and to assess hemodynamic variables associated with PPV changes. A swine porcine endotoxin shock model was established (Escherichia Coli 055:B5 endotoxin) in 7 pigs, and 3 pigs were included in the control group.

Predictors of fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients mechanically ventilated at low tidal volumes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Dynamic predictors of fluid responsiveness have shown good performance in mechanically ventilated patients at tidal volumes (Vt) > 8 mL kg. Nevertheless, most critically ill conditions demand lower Vt. We sought to evaluate the operative performance of several predictors of fluid responsiveness at Vt ≤ 8 mL kg by using meta-regression and subgroup analyses.

Use of Pulse Pressure Variation as Predictor of Fluid Responsiveness in Patients Ventilated With Low Tidal Volume: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Pulse pressure variation (PPV) has been shown to be useful to predict fluid responsiveness in patients ventilated at tidal volume (Vt) >8 mL kg. Nevertheless, most conditions in critical care force to use lower Vt. Thus, we sought to evaluate the operative performance of PPV when a Vt ⩽8 mL kg is used during mechanical ventilation support.

Peridomestic small Indian mongoose: An invasive species posing as potential zoonotic risk for leptospirosis in the Caribbean.

In this study, we investigated Leptospira infection and exposure in small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus), an invasive animal species, in two different sites in the Caribbean island of Saint Kitts. Overall a low seroprevalence (12/148; 8.1%: 95%CI: 3.

Prevalence of Renal Lesions in the Small Indian Mongoose ( Herpestes auropunctatus) Inhabiting the Caribbean Island of Saint Kitts.

We describe histopathologic abnormalities in the kidneys of small Indian mongoose ( Herpestes auropunctatus) on the Caribbean island of Saint Kitts. The lesions observed in moderate to severe cases were suggestive of a chronic nephropathy. Further investigation is needed to explore the magnitude of the problem, potential causes, and predisposing factors.

Parasites of small Indian mongoose, Herpestes auropunctatus, on St. Kitts, West Indies.

Herpestes auropunctatus, the small Indian mongoose, is an invasive omnivore introduced to the Caribbean, including the island of St. Kitts over 150 years ago. It has played a role in changing native fauna and can carry zoonotic pathogens of public health importance.

Inhaling Benzene, Toluene, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide, Disrupts Thyroid Function in Captive American Kestrels (Falco sparverius).

Research investigating the effects of air contaminants on biota has been limited to date. Captive adult female American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were exposed to a mixture of benzene (0.6 ppm), toluene (1 ppm), nitrogen dioxide (NO; 2 ppm) and sulfur dioxide (SO; 5.

Global Solutions to Regional Challenges: Bridging the One Health Divide in the Caribbean.

Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, located on the Caribbean island of St. Kitts in the West Indies, hosted a multi-national, transdisciplinary One Health conference in St. Kitts and Nevis.

Stress response, biotransformation effort, and immunotoxicity in captive birds exposed to inhaled benzene, toluene, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide.

In the oil sands of Alberta, Canada, toxicology research has largely neglected the effects of air contaminants on biota. Captive Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were exposed to mixtures of volatile organic compounds and oxidizing agents (benzene, toluene, NO2 and SO2) in a whole-body inhalation chamber, to test for toxicological responses.

Detoxification, endocrine, and immune responses of tree swallow nestlings naturally exposed to air contaminants from the Alberta oil sands.

Changes in environmental and wildlife health from contaminants in tailings water on the Canadian oil sands have been well-studied; however, effects of air contaminants on wildlife health have not. A field study was conducted to assess biological costs of natural exposure to oil sands-related air emissions on birds. Nest boxes for tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) were erected at two sites; within 5 km of active oil sands mining and extraction, and ≥ 60 km south, at one reference site.

Natural fatal Sarcocystis falcatula infections in free-ranging eagles in North America.

Three bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and 1 golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) were admitted to rehabilitation facilities with emaciation, lethargy, and an inability to fly. Intravascular schizonts and merozoites were present in 2 bald eagles, mainly in the lung tissue, whereas the third bald eagle and the golden eagle had lymphohistiocytic encephalitis with intralesional schizonts and merozoites. In all eagles, protozoal tissue cysts were present in skeletal musculature or heart.

Management of select bacterial and parasitic conditions of raptors.

Raptors are susceptible to a broad array of established and emerging bacterial and parasitic diseases, including babesiosis, chlamydiosis, clostridiosis, coccidiosis, cryptosporidiosis, malaria, mycobacteriosis, pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, trichomoniasis, and pododermatitis. Many of these conditions are opportunistic and can be easily managed or averted with proper preventive measures related to captive management, husbandry and diet, and veterinary care. Once infected, treatment must be prompt, appropriate, and judicious.

Sarcocystis falcatula-associated encephalitis in a free-ranging great horned owl (Bubo virginianus).

A great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) was admitted to a rehabilitation clinic with severe neurologic signs that were unresponsive to supportive care. The animal was euthanatized because of a poor prognosis. Marked granulomatous encephalitis with focal brainstem malacia was detected microscopically.

Ophthalmologic and oculopathologic findings in red-tailed hawks and Cooper's hawks with naturally acquired West Nile virus infection.

Objective: To assess ophthalmologic features and ocular lesions in red-tailed hawks and Cooper's hawks naturally infected with West Nile virus (WNV).

Design: Original study.

Animals: 13 hawks.