Illumina Sequencing in Conjunction with Propidium Monoazide to Identify Live Bacteria After Antiseptic Treatment in a Complex Oral Biofilm: A Study Using an Ex Vivo Supragingival Biofilm Model.

: The evaluation of the efficacy of antibacterial treatments in complex oral ecosystems is limited by the inability to differentiate live from dead bacteria using omic techniques. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the ability of the combination of the 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing methodology and the action of propidium monoazide (PMA) to study viable bacterial profiles in oral biofilms after exposure to an antiseptic compound. : Cariogenic supragingival biofilms were developed in an ex vivo model for 96 h, using saliva from healthy volunteers.

Self-perception of the acquisition of transferable competencies by the participants in a research congress for undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study.

Context: Several curricular initiatives have been developed to improve the acquisition of research competencies by Health Science students.

Objectives: To know how students self-perceived of whether their participation in the XIV National Research Congress for Undergraduate Students of Health Sciences had helped them in the acquisition of 36 research-related transferable competencies (TCs) common to Health Science degrees.

Methods: A survey design (Cronbach's alpha = 0.

Evidence of the Beneficial Impact of Three Probiotic-Based Food Supplements on the Composition and Metabolic Activity of the Intestinal Microbiota in Healthy Individuals: An Ex Vivo Study.

Scientific evidence has increasingly supported the beneficial effects of probiotic-based food supplements on human intestinal health. This ex vivo study investigated the effects on the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota of three probiotic-based food supplements, containing, respectively, (1) ES1, (2) NCFM, and (3) a combination of NCFM, Lpc-37™, Bi-07™, and Bl-04™. This study employed fecal samples from six healthy donors, inoculated in a Colon-on-a-plate system.

sp. nov., isolated from faecal droppings of black-faced ibis ().

As part of a larger study on carried by wild birds in the city of Valdivia (southern Chile), two curved rod-shaped Gram-stain-negative strains (A82 and WB-40) were recovered from faecal samples and subjected to a taxonomic study. Results of a genus-specific PCR showed that these isolates belonged to the genus . Further identification by 16S rRNA and (60 kDa heat-shock protein) gene sequence analysis revealed that they formed a separate phylogenetic clade, different from other known species with '' CNRCH 2005/566H and WBE14 being the most closely related species.

Genomic Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Isolated from Chilean Poultry Meat.

Due to the lack of knowledge about in the Chilean poultry industry, the objective of this research was to know the prevalence, resistance, and genotypes of , and in 382 samples of chicken meat purchased in Valdivia, Chile. The samples were analyzed using three isolation protocols. Resistance to four antibiotics was evaluated by phenotypic methods.

Metataxonomic and metabolomic evidence of biofilm homeostasis disruption related to caries: An in vitro study.

The ecological dysbiosis of a biofilm includes not only bacterial changes but also changes in their metabolism. Related to oral biofilms, changes in metabolic activity are crucial endpoint, linked directly to the pathogenicity of oral diseases. Despite the advances in caries research, detailed microbial and metabolomic etiology is yet to be fully clarified.

Fungal bioaerosol as an occupational hazard in the podiatrist's workplace.

Previous studies have reported the potential emission of nail dust to the indoor air of the podiatrist's workplace during nail drilling procedures. The main objective of this study was to analyse the fungal bioaerosol present in the indoor air of podiatry rooms, including during the nail drilling procedure. Seventeen private clinics were sampled in Madrid during spring and summer.

The Spanish gut microbiome reveals links between microorganisms and Mediterranean diet.

Despite the increasing evidence of links between human gut and health, the number of gut microbiomes that have been studied to date at a country level are surprisingly low. Mediterranean countries, including some of the most long-lived and healthy countries in the world, have not been considered so far in those studies at a large scale. The main objective of this work is to characterize the gut microbiome of a healthy adult population of a Mediterranean, paradigmatically healthy country: Spain.

Making clinical decisions based on measurable residual disease improves the outcome in multiple myeloma.

The assessment of measurable residual disease (MRD) in bone marrow has proven of prognostic relevance in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Nevertheless, and unlike other hematologic malignancies, the use of MRD results to make clinical decisions in MM has been underexplored to date. In this retrospective study, we present the results from a multinational and multicenter series of 400 patients with MRD monitoring during front-line therapy with the aim of exploring how clinical decisions made based on those MRD results affected outcomes.

Enterohepatic species - clinical importance, host range, and zoonotic potential.

The genus defined just over 30 years ago, is a highly diverse and fast-growing group of bacteria that are able to persistently colonize a wide range of animals. The members of this genus are subdivided into two groups with different ecological niches, associated pathologies, and phylogenetic relationships: the gastric (GH) and the enterohepatic (EHH) species. Although GH have been mostly studied, EHH species have become increasingly important as emerging human pathogens and potential zoonotic agents in the last years.

Virulence assessment of enterohepatic Helicobacter species carried by dogs using the wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella as infection model.

Background: Enterohepatic species of the genus Helicobacter (EHH) are emerging pathogens that have been associated with gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases in humans. However, studies on their pathogenicity are scarce. Galleria mellonella is a recently proposed model for the study of virulence in different pathogens, such as Campylobacter spp.

Exploring the role of healthy dogs as hosts of enterohepatic Helicobacter species using cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches.

Enterohepatic Helicobacter (EHH) species have been increasingly associated with acute gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease and hepatobiliary diseases in humans. However, their host range and transmission routes are poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of EHH in healthy dogs using both cultivation-dependent and -independent methods.

New insights on the infection of pathogenic Leptospira species in American mink (Neovison vison) in southern Chile.

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of global distribution, caused by the infection of pathogenic Leptospira, a group of bacteria capable of infecting both domestic and wild animals. Mink (Neovison vison) in southern Chile is recognized as a wild and synanthropic rodent predator (among various other prey), and Leptospira infection in them can be acquired through contact with the pathogen in the environment or by eating infected prey. Thus, the aim of this study was to provide more specifics regarding the source of the infection for the American mink under the conditions of Southern Chile.

Antimicrobial Activity of EPA and DHA against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Using an In Vitro Multi-Species Subgingival Biofilm Model.

In search for natural products with antimicrobial properties for use in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of two omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), using an in vitro multi-species subgingival biofilm model including , , , , , and . The antimicrobial activities of EPA and DHA extracts (100 µM) and the respective controls were assessed on 72 h biofilms by their submersion onto discs for 60 s. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Regional variations in Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric atrophy and gastric cancer risk: The ENIGMA study in Chile.

Background: Regional variations in gastric cancer incidence are not explained by prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, the main cause of the disease, with several areas presenting high H. pylori prevalence but low gastric cancer incidence. The IARC worldwide H.

[Microbial diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of campylobacteriosis in Chile: Present state and further challenges].

Campylobacter spp. is considered as the first etiologic agent of diarrhea in developed countries and the second or third in developing countries. The high incidence of Campylobacter gastroenteritis and its possible post-infection sequelae (reactive arthritis, Miller-Fisher syndrome or Guillain-Barré syndrome) give it great importance from the socioeconomic point of view.

A Polyphasic and Taxogenomic Evaluation Uncovers as a Species Complex That Embraces Four Genomovars.

The species is found in many food products of animal origin and is the dominating species in wastewater. In addition, it is associated with cases of farm animal and human infectious diseases,. The species embraces two subgroups i.

Concurrent progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and central nervous system infiltration by multiple myeloma: A case report.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy rarely occurs in patients with multiple myeloma. Intracranial central nervous system invasion is also an uncommon event in multiple myeloma, occurring in less than 1% of cases. We describe herein an exceptional case of coexisting progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and intraparenchymal central nervous system myeloma infiltration.

Author Correction: White matter microstructural changes are related to cognitive dysfunction in essential tremor.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Prevalence of spp. nasal colonization among doctors of podiatric medicine and associated risk factors in Spain.

Background: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant (MSSA and MRSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSE) nasopharyngeal carriage among Doctors of Podiatric Medicine (Podiatrists) and to determine the potential risk factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2016-2017 among 239 podiatrists in Spain. The presence of MSSA, MRSA, and MRSE was determined by microbiological analysis of nasal exudate and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined.

Genetic diversity and clonal characteristics of ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni isolated from Chilean patients with gastroenteritis.

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. However, it has also been associated with other diseases such as bacteremia and with several post-infection sequelae. Although campylobacteriosis is usually a self-limited infection, antibiotics are indicated for severe and chronic conditions.

Distinct Campylobacter fetus lineages adapted as livestock pathogens and human pathobionts in the intestinal microbiota.

Campylobacter fetus is a venereal pathogen of cattle and sheep, and an opportunistic human pathogen. It is often assumed that C. fetus infection occurs in humans as a zoonosis through food chain transmission.