Olfaction and Quality of Life in Patients with Eosinophilic CRS Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

 Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease. This high prevalence leads to high direct and indirect public health costs, which include medical visits, laboratory tests and imaging, pharmacotherapy, hospitalizations, and surgical treatment. Furthermore, CRS has a substantial impact on patient quality of life, affecting productivity and being a common cause of absence from work CRS-associated olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent, the actual effectiveness of surgical intervention remains inconsistent.

Anatomical terminology of the internal nose and paranasal sinuses: cross-cultural adaptation to Portuguese.

Introduction: Functional endonasal endoscopic surgery is a frequent surgical procedure among otorhinolaryngologists. In 2014, the European Society of Rhinology published the "European Position Paper on the Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses", aiming to unify the terms in the English language. We do not yet have a unified terminology in the Portuguese language.

Clinical and polysomnographic predictors of laryngopharyngeal reflux in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and laryngopharyngeal reflux are diseases with a high prevalence in the overall population; however, it remains unclear whether they are diseases with the same risk factors present in the same populations or if there is any association between them.

Objectives: To evaluate and determine the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with moderate and severe obstructive apnea syndrome and also to determine its predictive factors.

Methods: Historical cohort, cross-sectional study of patients aged 18-70 years, referred to a tertiary service Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic with a polysomnographic diagnosis of moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Clinicals And Upper Airway Characteristics in Obese Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Introduction: Obesity is a factor that is strongly related to the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults, although this association remains controversial for children.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and upper airway charactheristics, obtained by questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory tests, among obese children with and without OSA.

Method: This was aprospective cohort study.

Acute impact of continuous positive airway pressure on nasal patency.

Background: Continuous airflow in the upper airway can cause discomfort, leading to nasopharyngeal complaints. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the acute effects of continuous positive upper-airway pressure on nasal patency in awake normal subjects.

Methods: Twenty-seven adults (17 men; 10 women; age range, 18 to 43 years) were exposed to continuous airway pressure (20 cmH O) in the nasal cavity, delivered by a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device through a nasal mask for 2 hours.

Nasal Polyp-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exhibit Lack of Immune-Associated Molecules and High Levels of Stem/Progenitor Cells Markers.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered adult progenitor stem cells and have been studied in a multitude of tissues. In this context, the microenvironment of nasal polyp tissue has several inflammatory cells, but their stroma compartment remains little elucidated. Hence, we isolated MSCs from nasal polyps Polyp-MSCs (PO-MSCs) and compared their molecular features and gene expression pattern with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs).

Why we should avoid using inferior turbinate tissue as control to Nasal Polyposis studies.

Conclusion: The authors are aware that inferior turbinate mucosa presents different properties from middle turbinate mucosa and any data generated using inferior turbinate as control in Nasal Polyposis (NP) should be analysed very carefully.

Objective: This study aims to compare the mechanical properties of inferior turbinate mucosa vs middle turbinate mucosa.

Materials And Methods: The interstitial hydrostatic pressure behaviour was compared during a saline solution infusion between healthy nasal mucosa from inferior turbinate with middle turbinate (four patients).

Orofacial-cervical alterations in individuals with upper airway resistance syndrome.

Introduction: Studies that assess the upper airways in sleep-related breathing disorders have been performed only in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome who seek medical attention. Therefore, in addition to the need for population studies, there are no data on the orofacial-cervical physical examination in subjects with upper airway resistance syndrome.

Objectives: To compare the orofacial-cervical examination between volunteers with upper airway resistance syndrome and without sleep-related breathing disorders.

New clinical staging for pharyngeal surgery in obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Introduction: The success of pharyngeal surgery in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome depends on the appropriate selection of patients.

Objective: To propose a new staging for indication of pharyngeal surgery in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Methods: A total of 54 patients undergoing extended tonsillectomy were retrospectively included, divided into six stages.

Immunoregulatory effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the nasal polyp microenvironment.

Nasal polyposis is a severe, chronic inflammatory condition of the paranasal sinuses and is frequently associated with asthma and aspirin sensitivity. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit a potent immunosuppressive effect in several inflammatory conditions, and their role in nasal polyposis remains little explored. Hence, we investigated whether bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells could modulate cell phenotype in the nasal polyp milieu.

Impact of thyroidectomy on the control of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in patients with large goiters.

Purpose: A large goiter can cause a series of compressive symptoms such as dyspnea and dysphagia, and previous case reports have indicated the coexistence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of thyroidectomy on the control of OSAS in patients with large goiters.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with euthyroid goiters larger than 100 ml were consecutively selected.

Validation of the Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire adapted to Brazilian Portuguese.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire adapted to the Brazilian Portuguese.

Method: A prospective study was conducted with ROE administration to 56 patients submitted to rhinoplasty (preoperatively, and then 15-day and 90-day postoperatively) and 100 volunteers without the need or desire of cosmetic or functional nasal surgery. Reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility), validity, responsiveness and clinical interpretability were assessed.

Bone: the final frontier for Staphylococcus aureus penetration in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Unlabelled: The superantigenic properties of Staphylococcus aureus have been implicated in increasing the inflammatory process in airway diseases. Local formation of IgE antibodies against staphylococcal enterotoxins by secondary lymphoid tissue in nasal polyps has been demonstrated. Staphylococcus aureus is known to colonize the nasal mucosa, and has been found invading the nasal submucosa and intracellularly.

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps.

Unlabelled: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) significantly affects patient quality of life. Medical and surgical treatments aim to clinically manage the condition.

Objective: To assess the long-term quality of life and clinical management of CRS in patients submitted to endoscopic sinus surgery.

Convergence of two major pathophysiologic mechanisms in nasal polyposis: immune response to Staphylococcus aureus and airway remodeling.

This review is addressed two pathophysiologic mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis: the unique remodeling process found in nasal polyp tissue and the immune response of patients with nasal polyposis to Staphylococcus aureus. These two theories converge to the same direction in different aspects, including decreased extracellular matrix production, impaired T regulation and favoring of a Th2 immune response.In patients with nasal polyposis, an exaggerated immune response to Staphylococcus aureus may aggravate the airway remodeling process.

Surgical treatment of severe epistaxis: an eleven-year experience.

Unlabelled: Epistaxis is one of the most prevalent emergencies in ENT practice, and its surgical treatment is part of the routine at services for emergency care, especially in cases refractory to clinical procedures.

Objective: To analyze the profile of patients and the results this service has had in the surgical treatment of epistaxis for the last 11 years.

Method: Data from 98 patients submitted to surgery for epistaxis between 2000 and 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.

The use of Mitomycin-C to reduce synechia in middle meatus in sinus surgery: preliminary results.

Unlabelled: Synechia is the most frequent complication after sinus surgery and has been reported in up to 36% of cases. Several types of materials have been used to reduce the incidence of synechia, including Mitomycin C (MMC).

Objective: This prospective study aimed to assess the effectiveness of topical MMC in the prevention of synechia after sinus surgery in humans.

Normal values for the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire.

Unlabelled: Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) is an easy-to-use questionnaire that allows comprehensive assessment of rhinoplasty-related patient satisfaction. However, normal values for this questionnaire are not known.

Objective: To translate and cross-culture adapt the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese and to establish normality parameters.

The role of maxillary sinus puncture on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hospital-acquired rhinosinusitis.

Unlabelled: Rhinosinusitis is one of the most common causes of fever of unknown origin in critically ill patients and should be systematically searched.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic effect of maxillary sinus puncture performed at the bedside in patients with infective rhinosinusitis hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit of a high complexity care hospital.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study looks into patients on mechanical ventilation with fever of unknown origin and signs of rhinosinusitis on CT images who were submitted to inferior meatus maxillary sinus puncture.