A systematic review of penile prosthesis infection and meta-analysis of diabetes mellitus role.

Background: Infection is the most feared complication of a penile prosthesis. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is widely known to increase the risk of several infections, but its role in the penile prosthesis is still controversial. This systematic review aims to show the contemporary scenario of penile prosthesis infection and present a meta-analysis about DM contribution to penile prosthesis infection.

How obesity affects nasal function in obstructive sleep apnea: anatomic and volumetric parameters.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea is a consequence of upper airway collapse. Any obstructive sector in the upper airway can contribute to pharyngeal collapse. Obesity and obesity-related disorders play an important role in obstructive sleep apnea and its relationship with increased upper airway resistance.

Resorbable Versus Titanium Fixation of Le Fort I Osteotomy.

Resorbable and titanium systems have been used in maxillary fixation. The aim of this review was to evaluate stability and morbidity of Le Fort I osteotomy by comparing both systems. It was performed in 11 databases, and reported according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Cost-effectiveness of implant-supported dental prosthesis compared to conventional dental prosthesis.

Objective: To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of alternatives for rehabilitation treatment of mandibular edentulism in the context of the Brazilian Unified Health System (implant-supported total dental prosthesis versus conventional total dental prosthesis).

Methods: A Markov model was developed to capture long-term clinical and economic outcomes. The model's population was comprised of a hypothetical cohort of 1,000,000 patients, aged 55 years, with total mandibular edentulism and without medical contraindications for performing surgical procedures.

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Based Three-Dimensional McNamara Cephalometric Analysis.

This article introduces a method that extends the McNamara cephalometric analysis to produce 3-dimensional (3D) measurement values from cone-beam computed tomography images. In the extended method, the cephalometric landmarks are represented by 3D points; the bilateral cephalometric landmarks are identified on both sides of the skull; the cephalometric lines, with the exception of the facial axis, are represented by 3D lines; the cephalometric planes, with the exception of the facial plane, are represented by planes; the effective mandibular length, the effective midfacial length, and the lower anterior facial height are measured as 3D point-to-point distances; the nasion perpendicular to point A, the pogonion to nasion perpendicular, the upper incisor to point A vertical, and the lower incisor to point A-pogonion line are measured each as components of a vector; the facial axis angle is measured as a line-to-plane angle; and the mandibular plane angle is measured as a plane-to-plane angle. As a result, the method provides real effective lengths of the maxilla and mandible on both sides of the skull; real height of the lower anterior face; directed distances from the point A to the nasion perpendicular, from the pogonion to the nasion perpendicular, from the left and right upper incisor to the point A vertical, and from the left and right lower incisor to the point A-pogonion line for both the lateral and posteroanterior views of the skull; and real angles of the facial axis and the mandibular plane.

Influence of different setups of the Frankfort horizontal plane on 3-dimensional cephalometric measurements.

Introduction: The Frankfort horizontal (FH) is a plane that intersects both porions and the left orbitale. However, other combinations of points have also been used to define this plane in 3-dimensional cephalometry. These variations are based on the hypothesis that they do not affect the cephalometric analysis.

Automatic repositioning of jaw segments for three-dimensional virtual treatment planning of orthognathic surgery.

Purpose: To develop a computer-based method for automating the repositioning of jaw segments in the skull during three-dimensional virtual treatment planning of orthognathic surgery. The method speeds up the planning phase of the orthognathic procedure, releasing surgeons from laborious and time-consuming tasks.

Materials And Methods: The method finds the optimal positions for the maxilla, mandibular body, and bony chin in the skull.

Finite Element Evaluation of Stable Fixation in Combined Mandibular Fractures.

Purpose: The fixation of combined mandibular fractures, especially symphyseal-condylar fractures, although occurring commonly and having a higher complication rate in the clinic, is rarely investigated regarding predictable therapeutic approaches. Thus this study's aim was to assess different forms of condylar fixation when combined with symphyseal fracture fixation.

Materials And Methods: Using finite element models, we analyzed the stress distribution that occurs when a condylar fracture is fixed with 1 miniplate, 2 miniplates, or a trapezoidal condylar miniplate and when a symphyseal fracture is fixed with 2 parallel plates, 2 perpendicular plates, or 2 lag screws.

Volumetric evaluation of pharyngeal segments in obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea occurs by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in total (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) reduction of the airflow and has intimate relation with changes in the upper airway. Cone Beam CT allows the analysis of the upper airway and its volume by three-dimensional reconstruction.

Objective: To evaluate a possible correlation between the volume of the upper airway and the severity of the obstructive sleep apnea.

Analysis of Mandibular Test Specimens Used to Assess a Bone Fixation System.

The aim of this study was to assess through biomechanical testing if different synthetic materials used to fabricate test specimens have a different biomechanical behavior in comparison with other materials when simulating in vitro load resistance of a fixation method established for sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). Thirty synthetic and standardized human hemimandible replicas with SSRO were divided into three groups of 10 samples each. Group A-ABS plastic; Group B-polyamide; and Group C-polyurethane.

Evaluation of Nasal Obstruction in Various Sagittal Skeletal Deformity of Jaws.

Nasal obstruction (NO) is a common symptom present in 25% of the general population, which significantly interferes with the quality of life. The different facial profiles and malocclusion patterns could be associated with the degree of NO. In order to evaluate the nasal function in patients with different facial morphology patterns, the authors developed a prospective study in which 88 patients from a dentofacial deformities center were included.

Biomechanical comparison of four mandibular angle fracture fixation techniques.

The aim of this study was to make a comparison of the biomechanical behavior of four different internal fixation systems for mandibular angle fractures. A total of 40 polyurethane mandible replicas were employed with different fixation methods: group 1SP, one 2.0-mm four-hole miniplate; group 2PPL, two 2.

Etiology, treatment, and complications of mandibular fractures.

The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate some epidemiological characteristics, surgical treatment methods, and complications of cases involving mandibular fractures. Records from 119 patients treated for mandibular fractures between January 2006 and December 2011 were analyzed. We find mandibular fractures mostly affect Caucasian (72.

Correlation between the Friedman Staging System and the upper airway volume in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the correlation between computed tomography findings and data from the physical examination and the Friedman Staging System (FSS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation by reviewing the medical records of 33 patients (19 male and 14 female patients) with a mean body mass index of 30.38 kg/m(2) and mean age of 49.

Comparative study of tissue reactivity to n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and nylon monofilament thread on pericranium-cutaneous flaps in rats.

Purpose: To study the repair of pericranium-cutaneous flaps fixed with suture anchored in a skull bone tunnel or N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate adhesive in Wistar rats with emphasis on the cellular inflammatory response and the production of types I and III collagen.

Methods: The operated region in the cephalic region of Wistar rats was removed minutes before euthanasia, fixed in formalin, and subjected to histological preparation. Slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Picrosirius.

Influence of obesity on the correlation between laryngopharyngeal reflux and obstructive sleep apnea.

Introduction: The obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is caused by recurrent episodes of partial or total obstruction of the upper airway lasting more than 10 seconds during sleep. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a variant of the disease Gastroesophageal Reflux that affects the larynx and pharynx.

Objectives: Evaluate the influence of obesity on the relationship between RFL and OSAS in patients with OSA.

Inferior alveolar nerve function after sagittal split osteotomy by reciprocating saw or piezosurgery instrument: prospective double-blinded study.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to objectively evaluate inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) sensory disturbances in patients who underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) by comparing 1 side treated with a reciprocating saw with the other side treated with a piezosurgery device.

Materials And Methods: Clinical evaluation of IAN sensory disturbance was undertaken preoperatively and at 1 week, 4 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months postoperatively in 20 patients who underwent SSRO at the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University. The 20 patients were examined at all periods for IAN functionality by Semmes-Weinstein testing; neither the patients nor the examiner knew which side was treated using piezosurgery or a reciprocating saw.

Experimental model for the study of soft tissue fixation methods on skin-pericranium flaps in rats.

Purpose: To develop an experimental model to study and radiologically monitor displacement of skin flaps in the pericranium of rats subjected to traction and surgical fixation using suture anchored in a skull bone tunnel or with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl™) surgical adhesive.

Methods: Radiological markers were placed in the subcutis of Wistar rats undergoing subperiosteal detachment of the pericranium with pulling and fixation of the flap. We performed radiography on postoperative days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 45.

Orbital wall reconstruction with titanium mesh: retrospective study of 24 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traumatic orbital defect reconstruction with titanium mesh. A retrospective study was made. Evaluations were made after a minimum postoperative follow-up of 12 months, looking for the main complications.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.

Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of bone resorption, and are used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other diseases that cause bone mass loss, such as Paget's disease, bone metastases, and multiple myeloma, to prevent pathological fractures. Since 2003, avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw has been associated with the use of bisphosphonates, mainly intravenous. According to the literature, the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaw has ranged from 0.

An in vitro evaluation of rigid internal fixation techniques for sagittal split ramus osteotomies: setback surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical features of 3 different methods of rigid internal fixation for sagittal split ramus osteotomy for mandibular setback in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Sixty polyurethane replicas of human hemimandibles were used as substrates, simulating a 5-mm setback surgery by sagittal split ramus osteotomy. These replicas served to reproduce 3 different techniques of fixation, including 1) a 4-hole plate and 4 monocortical screws (miniplate group), 2) a 4-hole plate and 4 monocortical screws with 1 additional bicortical positional screw (hybrid group), and 3) 3 bicortical positional screws in a traditional inverted-L pattern (inverted-L group).

Cutaneous sensibility impairment after mandibular sagittal split osteotomy: a prospective clinical study of the spontaneous recovery.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to objectively evaluate the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) sensory disturbances in patients who underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) and its spontaneous recovery and to define the incidence of sensibility loss, time, and area at which the recovery occurs.

Patients And Methods: Clinical evaluation of the IAN sensory disturbance was undertaken preoperatively and at the first week, fourth week, 2 months, and 6 months postoperatively in 30 patients who underwent SSRO at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division of the Araraquara Dental School--Unesp and at the Plastic Surgery Division of the Medical Sciences School--Unicamp. The 30 patients were examined at all periods regarding the IAN functionality by Semmes-Weinstein testing.

Mechanical evaluation of different techniques for symphysis fracture fixation--an in vitro polyurethane mandible study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of the mechanical behavior of 4 different internal fixation systems for mandibular symphysis fractures.

Materials And Methods: Forty polyurethane mandible replicas (Nacional, Jaú, SP, Brazil) were used. These were divided into 4 groups of different fixation methods: group 1P, 1 2.

Maxillofacial injuries in a group of Brazilian subjects under 18 years of age.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform a clinical retrospective analysis of the etiology, incidence and treatment of selected oral and maxillofacial injuries in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Material And Methods: This study was conducted during a 14-year period between 1986 and 2000. All patients were admitted to Hospital XV in the city of Curitiba, State of Paraná.