Outcome of Infants Younger Than 1 Year With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated With the Interfant-06 Protocol: Results From an International Phase III Randomized Study.

Purpose: Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by () gene rearrangements and coexpression of myeloid markers. The Interfant-06 study, comprising 18 national and international study groups, tested whether myeloid-style consolidation chemotherapy is superior to lymphoid style, the role of stem-cell transplantation (SCT), and which factors had independent prognostic value.

Materials And Methods: Three risk groups were defined: low risk (LR): germline; high risk (HR): -rearranged and older than 6 months with WBC count 300 × 10/L or more or a poor prednisone response; and medium risk (MR): all other -rearranged cases.