Sleep loss and addiction.

Reducing sleep hours is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that reduction in sleep time is a factor that favors relapse in addicted patients. Additionally, animal models have demonstrated that both sleep restriction and sleep deprivation increase the preference for alcohol, methylphenidate, and the self-administration of cocaine.

Neurobiology of Dream Activity and Effects of Stimulants on Dream.

The sleep-wake cycle is the result of the activity of multiple neurobiological network interactions. The dreaming feature is one interesting sleep on that represents sensorial components, mostly visual perceptions, accompaniedby intense emotions. Further complexity has been added to the topic of the neurobiological mechanism of dream generation by the current data suggesting drugs' influence on dream generation.

Increased alcohol consumption in sleep-restricted rats is mediated by delta FosB induction.

The reduction of sleep hours is a public health problem in contemporary society. It is estimated that humans sleep between 1.5 and 2 h less, per night, than 100 years ago.

Anandamide and sucralose change ΔFosB expression in the reward system.

Food reward has been studied with highly palatable stimuli that come from natural additives such as sucrose. The most common food additive is sucralose, a noncaloric sweetener present in many food products of daily intake. The role of anandamide [N-arachidonylethanolamide (AEA)], an endogenous cannabinoid, has been widely studied in food behavior.