Bioburden Variation of Filtering Face Piece Respirators over Time: A Preliminary Study.

Background: The microbial contamination of a respirator can be evaluated through a count of the number of bacteria living on a non-sterilized surface (bioburden). This preliminary study investigated the external contamination of two different FFP2s over time by studying the bioburden values in increasing exposure times.

Methods: FFP2 respirators of two different brands were used during routine clinical settings and examined through the bioburden test; for each brand, three devices were tested at 8, 16, and 30 h.

Variation of Efficacy of Filtering Face Pieces Respirators over Time in a Dental Setting: A Pilot Study.

Since aerosol continuously persists in dental settings, where different procedures and patients come in succession, the use of oronasal masks is highly recommended. Among them, respirators known as Filtering Face Pieces (FFP) show a protective superiority compared to surgical masks. Even concerning respirators classified as non-reusable, it is not known how many hours of use are necessary to compromise their filtering capacity.

A New Transalveolar Sinus Lift Procedure for Single Implant Placement: The Ebanist Technique. A Technical Description and Case Series.

Background: Nowadays, there are many techniques to compensate bone atrophies of the posterior maxilla in order to obtain an implant-supported rehabilitation.

Objective: This case series describes the Ebanist technique: a sinus lift procedure to be used in case of extremely resorbed bone crests (≤3 mm) allowing simultaneous implant placement.

Methods: With a dedicated cylindrical trephine bur, it is possible to harvest a cylinder of bone from a fresh mineralized frozen homologous bone block graft and to simultaneously create a trapdoor on the recipient site.

Immediate, immediate-delayed (6 weeks) and delayed (4 months) post-extractive single implants: 1-year post-loading data from a randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcome of single implants placed immediately after tooth extraction with implants placed 6 weeks after tooth extraction (immediate-delayed placement), and with implants placed after 4-month extraction and socket healing (delayed placement).

Materials And Methods: Two-hundred and ten (210) patients requiring a single implant-supported crown to replace a tooth to be extracted were randomised to receive immediate post-extractive implants (70 patients), immediate-delayed implants at 6 weeks (70 patients), and delayed implants after 4 months of healing (70 patients) according to a parallel group design. When needed, patients of the immediate and immediate-delayed group had the socket grafted with a bone substitute and covered with a resorbable membrane at implant placement.

Prognostic value of a simplified method for periodontal risk assessment during supportive periodontal therapy.

Aim: To evaluate the association between risk scores generated with a simplified method for periodontal risk assessment (Perio Risk), and tooth loss as well as bone loss during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).

Materials & Methods: Data related to 109 patients (42 males; mean age: 42.2 ± 10.

The influence of root surface distance to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing.

Purpose: The purpose of this animal study was to perform a 3-dimensional micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis in order to investigate the influence of root surface distance to the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing after a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure.

Methods: Three adult specimens were used. The study sample included 6 teeth, corresponding to 2 third mandibular incisors from each animal.

Is Implant Flossing a Risk-Free Procedure? A Case Report with a 6-year Follow-up.

This study reports a case of peri-implantitis correlated with floss fibers trapped by the implant-prosthetic macrostructure. Discrepancy between the radiographic feature and probing depth was the starting point for a correct evaluation. The minimally invasive removal of the trapped material with the aid of a periodontal endoscope resulted in a complete resolution of the peri-implantitis with a stable long-term result (6 years).

Posterior jaws rehabilitated with partial prostheses supported by 4.0 x 4.0 mm or by longer implants: One-year post-loading results from a multicenter randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate whether 4.0 x 4.0 mm dental implants could be an alternative to implants at least 8.

Microbiological Distribution of Six Periodontal Pathogens Between Untreated Italian and Dutch Periodontal Patients.

Purpose: To compare prevalence and microbial load of six periodontal pathogens between Italian and Dutch patients affected by chronic periodontitis, using oligonucleotide probe technology.

Materials And Methods: Subgingival plaque samples data from 352 Italians and 115 Dutch periodontal patients were analysed and compared. Bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, age, gender, ethnicities and smoking habits were recorded.

Pressure pain threshold of the cervico-facial muscles in healthy elderly people: the role of gender, age and dominance.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of age on pressure pain threshold (PPT) of cervico-facial muscles in healthy geriatric subjects and to investigate the role of gender and dominance on nociception.

Background: Musculo-skeletal pain is common in the elderly, but being subjective, it risks to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. A useful method for assessment of local pain is determining PPT through pressure algometry.

Photobiomodulation with low-level diode laser promotes osteoblast migration in an in vitro micro wound model.

Laser photobiomodulation can improve bone healing, but well-defined treatment parameters are lacking. Saos-2 human osteoblast-like cells were subjected to an in vitro scratch-wound healing assay and irradiated by a 915-nm gallium-aluminum-arsenide diode laser for 0, 48, 96, and 144 s using doses of, respectively, 0, 5, 10, and 15 J/cm(2) . Wound area was measured after 4, 24, 48, and 72 h.

Evaluation of clinical effectiveness and subjective satisfaction of a new toothbrush for postsurgical hygiene care: a randomized split-mouth double-blind clinical trial.

The aim of this RCT was to evaluate plaque control and gingival health promotion effectiveness of a new toothbrush with extra-soft filaments in postsurgical sets. Ten consecutive patients with at least two scheduled symmetrical periodontal surgeries were selected. Following the first periodontal surgery, a test (TB1) or control (TB2) toothbrush was randomly assigned.

Prevalence of six periodontal pathogens in subgingival samples of Italian patients with chronic periodontitis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the subgingival prevalence of six periodontal pathogens in 352 Italian patients with chronic periodontitis. Possible correlations with clinical parameters, age, gender and smoking status were also investigated. At first visit a pooled subgingival plaque sample was obtained for each subject by using the paper-point method.

Different doses of low-level laser irradiation modulate the in vitro response of osteoblast-like cells.

Because osteoblasts play a key role in bone remodeling and the influence of low-level laser therapy on this process is not clear, Saos-2 human osteoblast-like cells were irradiated by a gallium-aluminum-arsenide diode laser (915 nm) for 10, 48, 96, 193, and 482 s using doses 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 J/cm2, respectively. A control group was not irradiated. Morphology, viability, and cytotoxicity analyses were carried out after 1 hr, 1 day, and 3 days.

Rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior mandible with short (4-mm) implants: a case report.

This case report describes a successful implant-prosthetic rehabilitation of an atrophic posterior mandible with 4-mm-long implants. The patient refused to undergo any reconstructive surgery, and because the available bone up to the inferior alveolar nerve was only 5 mm or less, the patient received four implants of 4-mm length. Four months after implant placement, a provisional prosthesis was put in place; after another 4 months, this was then in turn replaced with a definitive prosthesis.

Interdisciplinary rehabilitation of a root-fractured maxillary central incisor: A 12-year follow-up case report.

Single-tooth implantation has become a common treatment solution for replacement of a root-fractured maxillary incisor in adults, but the long-term esthetic results can be unfavorable due to progressive marginal bone loss, resulting in gingival recession. In this case report, a maxillary central incisor with a root fracture in its apical one-third was orthodontically extruded and extracted in a 21-year-old female. Implant surgery was performed after a 3-month healing period, and the final crown was placed about 12 months after extraction.

The modified "sandwich" technique: a novel surgical approach to regenerative treatment of horizontal bone defects in the posterior atrophic mandible. A case report.

Purpose: A new augmentation procedure for bone reconstruction of horizontal defects in a posterior atrophic mandible is described.

Materials And Methods: A 47-year-old male patient with horizontal atrophy of the left posterior mandible was treated using a 2-stage modified "sandwich" osteotomy technique with an interposed mixture of mineralized and demineralized human bone allograft in putty form.

Results: The osteotomized superior segment was slightly raised and then drawn and rotated in the buccal direction to augment the horizontal width of the crest.

A proposed new index for clinical evaluation of interproximal soft tissues: the interdental pressure index.

The interdental pressure index (IPI) is introduced to specifically evaluate clinical interproximal-tissue conditions and assess the effect of interproximal hygiene stimulation. This index scores clinical responses of periodontal tissues to the apical pressure of a horizontally placed periodontal probe. It is negative when gingival tissues are firm, bleeding-free, and slightly ischemic by the stimulation; otherwise it is positive.

Effects of ultrasonic instrumentation with different scaler-tip angulations on the shear bond strength and bond failure mode of metallic orthodontic brackets.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of ultrasonic instrumentation with different scaler-tip angulations on the shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure mode of metallic orthodontic brackets.

Methods: Adhesive pre-coated metallic brackets were bonded to 72 extracted human premolars embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 24 each) to undergo no treatment (control group) or ultrasonic instrumentation with a scaler-tip angulation of 45° (45°-angulation group) or 0° (0°-angulation group).

A trabecular metal implant 4 months after placement: clinical-histologic case report.

Introduction: The aim of this case report was to histologically evaluate the behavior of a trabecular metal (TM) implant composed of titanium and spatial 3-dimensional tantalum (Ta) trabeculae. This study is the first human histologic case report of this implant.

Case Presentation: A TM implant was placed in a 54-year-old woman exhibiting moderate chronic periodontitis.

Effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on salivary properties.

Background: So far, a few studies have tried to investigate the relationship between the placement of fixed orthodontic appliances and the change of nonmicrobial salivary properties, mostly with conflicting outcomes and short-term assessment (up to 6 months from bracket placement). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity prior to the beginning of therapy and after 1 year from bracket placement using a simple and commercially available chairside saliva check kit.

Methods: The study population consisted of 20 healthy patients (mean age, 16.

Comparison of the antibacterial activity of an ozonated oil with chlorhexidine digluconate and povidone-iodine. A disk diffusion test.

Ozonated oils are antiseptics obtained from the chemical reaction between ozone and unsaturated fatty acids of vegetable oils. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effectiveness of a commercially available ozonated oil (O3-Oil), in comparison with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) and 10% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) through a disk diffusion test.

Prognosis of Deantigenated Equine Bone Used for Bone Augmentation: A Multicenter Retrospective Study on Early and Late Postsurgical Complications in 81 Consecutive Patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcome of deantigenated equine bone (DEB) grafts in a series of patients treated with DEB at six months postaugmentation.

Materials And Methods: One hundred DEB grafts were inserted in 81 patients between January 2004 and December 2006. Thirty-two DEBs were blocks and 68 were granules (52 sinus lift and 16 guided bone regeneration [GBR] procedures performed).

Alveolar distraction osteogenesis in posterior atrophic mandible: a case report on a new technical approach.

Purpose: To report a clinical case of dental implant rehabilitation of an atrophic posterior mandible with the usage of a new alveolar distraction protocol.

Materials And Methods: A posterior atrophic mandible was treated with distraction osteogenesis; after the first phase of latency (10 days), the activation phase (24 days), and the consolidation phase (30 days), the distractor was removed, and 2 implants were placed; 4 months thereafter, the fixtures were provisionally loaded.

Results: No complications were recorded during the treatment.

Magnesium-substituted hydroxyapatite grafting using the vertical inlay technique.

The reconstruction of a severely atrophic left posterior mandible using inlay magnesium-substituted hydroxyapatite grafting is described. Three months after reconstruction, a bone specimen was retrieved, and two dental implants were placed. A mean vertical bone gain of 4.