Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the first Corynebacterium rouxii strains isolated in Brazil: a recent member of Corynebacterium diphtheriae complex.

Background: Corynebacterium diphtheriae complex was formed by the species C. diphtheriae, Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in the recent past. In addition to C.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization and complete genome sequence of a Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain isolated from cutaneous infection in an immunized individual.

Diphtheria is an infectious disease potentially fatal that constitutes a threat to global health security, with possible local and systemic manifestations that result mainly from the production of diphtheria toxin (DT). In the present work, we report a case of infection by Corynebacterium diphtheriae in a cutaneous lesion of a fully immunized individual and provided an analysis of the complete genome of the isolate. The clinical isolate was first identified by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.

Epidemiological Surveillance Reveals the Rise and Establishment of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variant in Brazil.

The introduction of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in Brazil has been associated with major impacts on the epidemiological and public health scenario. In this study, 291,571 samples were investigated for SARS-CoV-2 variants from August 2021 to March 2022 (the highest peak of positive cases) in four geographical regions of Brazil. To identify the frequency, introduction, and dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants in 12 Brazilian capitals, VOCs defining spike mutations were identified in 35,735 samples through genotyping and viral genome sequencing.

The Omicron Lineages BA.1 and BA.2 ( SARS-CoV-2) Have Repeatedly Entered Brazil through a Single Dispersal Hub.

Brazil currently ranks second in absolute deaths by COVID-19, even though most of its population has completed the vaccination protocol. With the introduction of Omicron in late 2021, the number of COVID-19 cases soared once again in the country. We investigated in this work how lineages BA.

Prosthetic joint infection caused by an imipenem-resistant Mycobacterium senegalense.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains one of the most common complications of total knee arthroplasty. Although mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and other Gram-positive microorganisms, occasionally, commensal or environmental bacteria are reported as causative agents of these infections. The present work aimed to report a case of PJI caused by an imipenem-resistant Mycobacterium senegalense strain.

Dynamics of Early Establishment of SARS-CoV-2 VOC Omicron Lineages in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Brazil is one of the nations most affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The introduction and establishment of new virus variants can be related to an increase in cases and fatalities. The emergence of Omicron, the most modified SARS-CoV-2 variant, caused alarm for the public health of Brazil.

Delta Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Replacement in Brazil: A National Epidemiologic Surveillance Program.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused immeasurable impacts on the health and socioeconomic system. The real-time identification and characterization of new Variants of Concern (VOCs) are critical to comprehend its emergence and spread worldwide. In this sense, we carried out a national epidemiological surveillance program in Brazil from April to October 2021.

Screening for Zika virus RNA in sera of suspected cases: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) became a global human health concern owing to its rapid spread worldwide and its association with congenital and neurological disorders. The current epidemiological profile of arboviruses in Brazil is characterized by widespread co-circulation of Dengue virus, Chikungunya virus, and ZIKV throughout the country. These viruses cause acute diseases frequently with overlapping symptoms, which could result in an inaccurate diagnosis based solely on clinical and epidemiological grounds.

Porcine stomachs with and without gastric ulcer differ in Lactobacillus load and strain characteristics.

Although Lactobacillus species are recognized as normal inhabitants of porcine gastric mucosa, the association of these bacteria with health status or gastric ulcer disease has never been considered. We investigated the bacterial load of Lactobacillus isolated from the antrum, corpus, and pars esophagea of stomachs with (n = 13) and without (n = 10) ulcer of the pars esophagea of slaughtered pigs. We also evaluated in vitro antagonistic properties against typical pathogens of strains isolated from stomachs without ulcer.

Selection of new lactic acid bacteria strains bearing probiotic features from mucosal microbiota of healthy calves: Looking for immunobiotics through in vitro and in vivo approaches for immunoprophylaxis applications.

From the birth, since their mucosal microbiota and immune system are not fully developed, newborn calves are susceptible to several mucosal pathogenic microorganisms. Operating through humoral and non-humoral mechanisms in the host, several lactic acid bacteria strains bearing probiotic features are often employed in livestock as food supplement, improving animal production performance, promoting health and reducing the severity of mucosal infections. Accordingly, we isolated, species-level identified and screened for their probiotic potentials seventy lactic acid bacteria strains from upper airway, vaginal and intestinal mucosa of healthy calves.