Conjunctival Scarring, Corneal Pannus, and Herbert's Pits in Adolescent Children in Trachoma-endemic Populations of the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.

Background: In the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, the sign trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) is common, but ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is not. It is therefore debatable whether azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA), the recommended antibiotic treatment strategy for trachoma's elimination as a public health problem, is necessary in this setting. We set out to estimate what proportion of adolescents were at risk of progression of trachomatous scarring.

Isosorbide dinitrate in nephronophthisis treatment.

Nephronophthisis is a progressive disease that affects development of the renal tubules and leads to end stage renal disease. Many affected children have isolated renal disease; however, there can be additional manifestations including heart defects, liver fibrosis, brain malformations, and situs inversus. There is no way to slow or modify the disease.

Additional molecular testing of saliva specimens improves the detection of respiratory viruses.

Emerging infectious diseases in humans are often caused by respiratory viruses such as pandemic or avian influenza viruses and novel coronaviruses. Microbiological testing for respiratory viruses is important for patient management, infection control and epidemiological studies. Nasopharyngeal specimens are frequently tested, but their sensitivity is suboptimal.