Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of gene in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a retrospective case-control study.

In this retrospective case-control study involving 424 pediatric patients diagnosed with Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), the investigation focused on analyzing the clinical characteristics and prognosis associated with the Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/2B () gene. Treatment and evaluation followed the South China Children's Leukemia Group-ALL-2016 protocol (SCCLG-ALL-2016). Among the cohort, 92 patients (21.

NUP98::NSD1 and FLT3/ITD co-expression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in pediatric AML patients.

Objective: Patients who carry NUP98::NSD1 or FLT3/ITD mutations are reported to have poor prognosis. Previous studies have confidently reported that the poor outcome in younger AML patients is owning to dual NUP98::NSD1 and FLT3/ITD positivity, with a high overlap for those two genetic lesions. In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of the presence of both NUP98::NSD1 and FLT3/ITD in pediatric AML patients.

The potential role of RNA sequencing in diagnosing unexplained insensitivity to conventional chemotherapy in pediatric patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a highly heterogeneous disease. According to large-scale RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, B-ALL patients can be divided into more than 10 subgroups. However, many genomic defects associated with resistance mechanisms have not yet been identified.

The Relationship between the Serum NLRP1 Level and Coronary Lesions in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is complex, and inflammation is one of the regulatory factors. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) plays an important role in the cellular inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, cell death, and autoimmune diseases. Whether the level of NLRP1 is related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been reported.

Vincristine and dexamethasone pulses in addition to maintenance therapy among pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (GD-ALL-2008): An open-label, multicentre, randomized, phase III clinical trial.

The efficacy and safety on the addition of vincristine (VCR) and dexamethasone (DEX) pulses to maintenance therapy among childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remain uncertain. Herein, we perform an open-label, multicentre, randomized, phase III clinical trial that was conducted at nine major medical centers in Guangdong Province, China. Patients were randomly assigned either the conventional maintenance therapy (control group, n = 384) or the VCR/DEX pulse (treatment group, n = 375).

Chidamide as maintenance after chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 27 children with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia: A real-world prospective study.

Background: The long-term overall survival of children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is limited to approximately 80-85% because of a high incidence of relapse after achieving remission with intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Novel treatment strategies inducing long-term remission are needed to improve the outcome. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been reported to be effective in a series of T-ALL cases.

The positive feedback loop of MAD2L1/TYK2/STAT3 induces progression in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Purpose: Mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) has been extensively studied in several malignancies; however, its role in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) remains unclear.

Methods: The expression of MAD2L1 was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The biological functions of MAD2L1 in B-ALL were explored through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay (EDU), transwell assay, flow cytometry and xenograft models.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for detection of pathogens in children with hematological diseases complicated with infection.

Objective: Infection is one of the most common causes of death in children with hematological diseases. Here, we aim to investigate the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the detection of causative pathogens in children with hematological diseases.

Methods: In this retrospective study, specimens from children with hematological diseases, who were admitted to Sun Yat-Sen University between June 2019 and September 2021, were collected for culture and mNGS.

Prognostic value and outcome for acute lymphocytic leukemia in children with MLL rearrangement: a case-control study.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic factors and outcome for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children with MLL rearrangement (MLL-r).

Methods: A total of 124 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with ALL were classified into two groups based on the MLL-r status by using a retrospective case-control study method from June 2008 to June 2020.

Results: The prevalence of MLL-r positive in the whole cohort was 4.

KLF9 Aggravates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Inhibiting PPARγ/NRF2 Signalling.

Aims: Krüppel-like Factor 9 (KLF9) is a transcription factor that regulates multiple disease processes. Studies have focused on the role of KLF9 in the redox system. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of KLF9 on diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Prognostic significance of CNSL at diagnosis of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the South China Children's Leukemia Group.

Objectives: The prognostic significance of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients with central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) at diagnosis is controversial. We aimed to determine the impact of CNSL at diagnosis on the clinical outcomes of childhood B-cell ALL in the South China Children's Leukemia Group (SCCLG).

Methods: A total of 1,872 childhood patients were recruited for the study between October 2016 and July 2021.

Umbilical cord blood: A promising source for allogeneic CAR-T cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is an effective treatment for relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R ALL). However, autologous CAR-T cells derived from patients with B-ALL often show poor amplification ability, exhaustion, and anergy. To overcome these limitations, allogeneic CAR-T cells may be used as effective substitutes; however, which source would be the best substitute is unclear.

Mutational landscape and clinical outcome of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23/KMT2A rearrangements.

Background: Alterations of 11q23/KMT2A are the most prevalent cytogenetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the prognostic significance of 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML based on various translocation partners varies among different studies. However, few studies evaluated the molecular characteristics of 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged pediatric AML. We aim to analyze the mutational landscape of 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML and assess their prognostic value in outcomes.

Pneumocystis jirovecii-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-like phenomenon in a child with leukaemia: a case report and literature review.

Background: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) refers to the phenomenon of intense immune responses against pathogens in patients with AIDS undergoing antiretroviral therapy to reconstitute immune function, resulting in functional impairment of multiple organs. Non-AIDS immunosuppressed hosts may also develop similar manifestations to IRIS during immune recovery.

Case Presentation: An 8-year-old girl presented with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was admitted for scheduled chemotherapy treatment.

Comprehensive Analysis of Potential Biomarkers of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children by Using a Competing Endogenous RNA Network.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most serious hematological carcinoma in adolescents. The significance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their regulative role in the proliferation and differentiation of myeloid cells in cancer has been recently reported. Nevertheless, key RNAs and the regulatory mechanism of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network affected by pediatric ALL are not fully illustrated.

Prognostic Value and Outcome for ETV6/RUNX1-Positive Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the South China Children's Leukemia Group.

Purpose: To analyzed the outcome of ETV6/RUNX1-positive pediatric acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with the aim of identifying prognostic value.

Method: A total of 2,530 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with B-ALL were classified into two groups based on the ETV6/RUNX1 status by using a retrospective cohort study method from February 28, 2008, to June 30, 2020, at 22 participating ALL centers.

Results: In total, 461 (18.

Extracellular HMGB1 interacts with RAGE and promotes chemoresistance in acute leukemia cells.

Background: Nowadays, acute leukemia (AL) among children has favorable outcome, yet some of them get refractory or relapse mainly due to drug resistance. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been proven to have a important role in drug resistance via upregulation of autophagy after chemotherapy treatment in acute leukemia. However, the mechanism how extracellular HMGB1 acts on AL cells and leads to chemoresistance remains elusive.

Optimal time-points for detecting expression levels of BAALC, EVI1, and WT1 genes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: This meta-analysis examined the prognostic role of brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC), Ecotropic virus integration site-1 (EVI1) and Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) genes at different time-points during conventional chemotherapy.

Methods: A systematic search of publications indexed in the electronic databases from January 1988 to October 2020 was performed. Over 7525 cases of AML from 25 studies were involved.

Efficacy of Thalidomide Treatment in Children With Transfusion Dependent β-Thalassemia: A Retrospective Clinical Study.

Thalidomide has been reported as a promising treatment for reducing transfusion volume in adults with β-thalassemia. However, the evidence about the safety and efficacy of thalidomide on children with transfusion dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) is scarce. Seventy-seven children with TDT treated with thalidomide at least for 6 months were included and retrospectively analyzed.

DNA index as prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the COG-TARGET database.

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the value of DNA index(DI) among pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated on Children's Oncology Group (COG) protocols between 2000 and 2015.

Methods: Retrospective study were analysis among pediatric ALL patients from the TARGET dataset.

Result: Totally, 1668 eligible pediatric patients were enrolled in this study.

Mutations Are Independent Poor Prognostic Factors in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The prognostic impact of () mutations remains controversial for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we aimed to determine the clinical implication of mutations in a large cohort of pediatric AML. The clinical data of 870 pediatric patients with AML were downloaded from the therapeutically applicable research to generate effective treatment (TARGET) dataset.

Efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in the treatment of Chinese children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia.

Objectives: Our aim is to evaluate initial efficacy, safety, and durable response of eltrombopag in the treatment of Chinese children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (cITP).

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center cohort study including 30 pediatric patients with cITP administered eltrombopag between 1 July 2017 and 1 January 2019. Patients with at least 12 weeks of eltrombopag treatment and available follow-up data were included.

Hyperleukocytosis predicts inferior clinical outcome in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

Objectives: Hyperleukocytosis (HL) is a laboratory abnormality commonly presented in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, large cohort studies on the clinical significance of HL in pediatric AML are paucity. Moreover, the effect of stem cell transplantation in HL patients remains unknown.

Eltrombopag as first-line treatment for thrombocytopenia among paediatric patients after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine the safety and efficacy of eltrombopag as first-line treatment for thrombocytopenia among paediatric patients after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: Forty-three childhood patients with thrombocytopenia after HSCT who received eltrombopag were retrospectively analysed.

Result: Eltrombopag was began at the median of 27 days after HSCT and lasted for 24 days.