Telehematology: critical determinants for successful implementation.

Despite modern technologies, such as immunophenotyping and molecular probing, cytomorphologic examination of stained peripheral blood smears by microscopy remains the mainstay of diagnosis in a large variety of diseases. This holds true especially in underdeveloped or rural areas where profound expertise and equipment are not easily available. Although communication technologies have been dramatically improved, telehematology has not become routine.

Electrical stimulation of experimental nonunions.

Hypertrophic and oligotrophic nonunions were prepared by resection of a portion of the proximal ulna in dogs. In the hypertrophic nonunions, 20 muamps of direct current for eight weeks produced an increase in bone formation compared to the opposite control limb by radiography, photometry, point counting of new bone, and growth rate by sequential fluorochrome labeling and the dynamic uptake of 99mTc-labeled methylene disphosphonate. Oligotrophic nonunions were treated by plating and aspiration grafting in addition to direct-current stimulation.