Multi-level fingerprint and immune activity evaluation of polysaccharides from Rhodiola rosea L.

To establish the quality control method of Rhodiola rosea L., the multi-level fingerprinting profile was established. The quality evaluation of Rhodiola rosea L.

Genetic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the cotton yellow anther trait.

In the fiber industry, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important crop. One of the most important morphology traits of plants is the color of the anthers, is closely related to pollen fertility and stress resistance.

One-step green synthesis durable flame-retardant, antibacterial and dyeable cellulose fabrics with a recyclable deep eutectic solvent.

The development of cellulose fabrics with good flame retardancy and durability has been a primary concern for in firefighting clothing. A recyclable ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) was used to prepare surface ammonium phosphate-modified cellulose fabrics (SACF). The incorporation of ammonium phosphate groups notably enhanced the durable flame retardancy of cellulose fabrics.

Genetic and pharmacological targeting of HINT2 promotes OXPHOS to alleviate inflammatory responses and cell necrosis in acute pancreatitis.

The necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells is a key molecular event in the progression of acute pancreatitis (AP), with disturbances in mitochondrial energy metabolism considered to be a direct causative factor of acinar cell necrosis. Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2 (HINT2) has been implicated in the development of various diseases, whereas its involvement in the progression of AP remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of HINT2 in AP.

Primary Pulmonary MALT Lymphoma on 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT.

Primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is extremely rare. We present the 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT findings in a 56-year-old woman with pathologically confirmed primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT showed a higher uptake value than 18F-FDG PET/CT in the pulmonary lesion.

Performance and feasibility analysis of an integrated airlift microalgae photobioreactor for cultivation and pre-harvesting.

Microalgae technology is highly attractive in the realm of wastewater treatment and CO removal. However, during the cultivation of microalgae, the phenomenon of light attenuation intensifies with the increasing cell concentration, resulting in a decrement in microalgal growth rate. To maintain high light transmittance and growth rate of microalgae, this study introduces a two-step pre-harvesting process involving flocculation and filtration within an airlift photobioreactor.

Baseline and early changes in CT body composition can predict recurrence-free survival after radical gastrectomy: A sex-specific study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the predictive value of baseline CT body composition and its early changes on recurrence-free survival (RFS) following radical gastrectomy, while also assessing potential sex-related differences.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of gastric cancer (GC) patients with confirmed pathology from October 2019 to May 2023. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative CT scans to assess visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), skeletal muscle area (SMA), and skeletal muscle density (SMD), along with calculating their respective rates of change.

Sex- and trimester-specific impact of gestational co-exposure to organophosphate esters and phthalates on insulin action among preschoolers: Findings from the Ma'anshan birth cohort.

Introduction: Prenatal exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) is ubiquitous among pregnant individuals. However, research exploring the relationship between prenatal co-exposure to OPEs and PAEs and childhood insulin function remains limited.

Methods: In this study, utilizing data from 2,246 maternal-fetal dyads in the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort, associations between co-exposure to OPEs and PAEs and insulin action were analyzed.

An injectable nanocomposite hydrogel with deep penetration ability for enhanced photothermal and chemotherapy.

The excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) in solid tumors significantly inhibits the deep penetration and homogeneous distribution of nanodrugs, which greatly reduces the therapeutic efficacy. In the present work, an injectable polyelectrolyte hydrogel (CD@IPH) containing collagenase and doxorubicin-loaded polyacrylic acid@polyaniline nanoparticles (DOX@NP) were developed for improved photothermal and chemotherapy. The collagenase is released quickly from the polyelectrolyte hydrogel in the first 12 h, effectively degrading ECM and enhancing the deep penetration and evenly distribution of DOX@NP in tumor tissues.

TMT-labelled quantitative proteomics reveals the mechanism of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on proteolysis of dry-cured ham: Structural protein degradation, amino acid release and taste improvement.

To investigate the mechanism of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on structural protein degradation and taste development of Jinhua ham, the effects of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Pichia kudriavzevii on proteolytic enzyme activities, surface hydrophobicity, myofibril microstructure, protein degradation, free amino acids and sensory attributes were investigated during the dry-ripening of Jinhua ham. The inoculation of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa EIODSF019 (RE) and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa XZY63-3 (RX) consistently exhibited higher proteolytic enzyme activities compared with Pichia kudriavzevii XS-5 (PK). The decrease of α-helix exposing more internal hydrophobic groups of myofibrillar proteins, contributed to higher surface hydrophobicity of RE compared with PK and RX.

Composition and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from two different species of Amomi Fructus extracted using natural deep eutectic solvents.

Amomi Fructus, a mature fruit from a ginger family plant, has various species, resulting in inconsistent sourcing and quality. Most studies distinguish species by volatile compounds, yet research shows it also contains flavonoids with notable pharmacological effects. Solely focusing on volatile compounds could lead to considerable resource waste.

Mogroside V ameliorates astrocyte inflammation induced by cerebral ischemia through suppressing TLR4/TRADD pathway.

Inflammation and oxidative stress are pivotal factors in the onset and progression of secondary injury following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Mogroside V (MV), a primary active compound of Siraitia grosvenorii, exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its specific effects in cerebral ischemia remain unclear.

Focusing on the mechanism of glycinin-soybean lipophilic protein hybrid gels: Effect of ultrasonic, subunit interactions, and formation process analysis.

Heat facilitates aggregation and gel formation of soybean proteins. Ultrasonic reduces the size of protein aggregates. This study examined the impact of glycinin (11S) subunits on soybean lipophilic proteins (SLPs) gel formation and underlying mechanisms.

Identification of Dufulin photolysis and hydrolysis products in water using a C stable isotope assisted HPLC-HRMS strategy.

Dufulin is an efficient antiviral agent for plants, however, data on its environmental fate, particularly concerning its transformation products (TPs), remain scarce. The TPs formed during abiotic degradation may pose significant environmental risks due to potential toxicity. Therefore, this study systematically investigated the hydrolysis and photolysis kinetics of Dufulin in aqueous solutions across various pH conditions.

Associations and potential epigenetic changes between air pollution and osteoarthritis risk and survival: Insights from a prospective cohort study.

Background: The influence of air pollution on osteoarthritis (OA) remains underexplored.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank, estimating exposure levels of particulate matter (PM, PM, PM) nitrogen oxides (NO, NO), and air pollutants exposure score (APES). Cox models assessed associations between air pollution exposure and OA incidence, joint replacement, and survival.

A nucleocapsid monoclonal antibody based sandwich ELISA for the general detection of both PRRSV-2 and PRRSV-1.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes reproductive failure in sows and respiratory disease in growing pigs, leading to significant economic losses worldwide. Due to the constant mutation and recombination, PRRSV exhibits significant genetic diversity, the general detection of all PRRSV-2 and PRRSV-1 strains is thus needed. In our study, four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against PRRSV nucleocapsid (N) protein were generated and the precise and novel B cell epitopes (KPHF and HHTVR) were identified.

A novel cross-priming amplification technique combined with lateral flow strips for rapid and visual detection of zoonotic Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan, infects almost all warm-blooded animals and humans, with felines serving as its sole definitive hosts. Cats release T. gondii oocysts into the environment through feces, contributing to environmental contamination that can lead to toxoplasmosis in humans upon exposure through ingestion of contaminated food, water, or soil.

Association of the Revised Cardiac Risk Index with 1-year postoperative mortality: A single-center retrospective study.

Objective: To explore risk factors for 1-year postoperative mortality and to identify its association with the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 54,933 patients aged 18 years and above who were surgically treated under general or regional anesthesia in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Independent risk factors for 1-year postoperative mortality were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Nonreversal of Stoma in Patients With Crohn's Disease: A Single-Center Study.

Background: Even in the biological era, permanent stoma is not uncommon in patients with Crohn's Disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of permanent stoma in Crohn's disease patients and provide clinical evidence for reducing this disabling outcome.

Design: Consecutive patients with Crohn's disease who underwent ostomies in the past decade were reviewed.

Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry for Top-Down Proteomics.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based top-down proteomics (TDP) characterizes proteoforms in cells, tissues, and biological fluids (e.g., human plasma) to better our understanding of protein function and to discover new protein biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapeutic development.

Peripheral Evolution of Tanshinone IIA and Cryptotanshinone for Discovery of a Potent and Specific NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitor.

Natural products (NPs) continue to serve as an invaluable source in drug discovery, and peripheral evolution of NPs is a highly efficient evolution strategy. Herein, we describe a unified "methyl to amide" peripheral evolution of Tanshinone IIA and Cryptotanshinone for discovery of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. There were 54 compounds designed and prepared, while the chemoinformatic analysis revealed that these evolved NP analogues occupy a unique chemical space.

Persistent symptoms and clinical findings in adults with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19/post-COVID-19 syndrome in the second year after acute infection: A population-based, nested case-control study.

Background: Self-reported health problems following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are common and often include relatively non-specific complaints such as fatigue, exertional dyspnoea, concentration or memory disturbance and sleep problems. The long-term prognosis of such post-acute sequelae of COVID-19/post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is unknown, and data finding and correlating organ dysfunction and pathology with self-reported symptoms in patients with non-recovery from PCS is scarce. We wanted to describe clinical characteristics and diagnostic findings among patients with PCS persisting for >1 year and assessed risk factors for PCS persistence versus improvement.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the CsAP2/ERF Gene Family of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) and Joint Analysis of Transcriptional Metabolism under Salt Stress.

Background: Sweet orange is an important economic crop, and salt stress can inhibit its growth and development.

Methods: In this study, we identified AP2/ERF genes in sweet orange via bioinformatics and performed a combined transcription‒metabolism analysis, which revealed for the first time the integrated molecular mechanism of salt stress regulation in sweet orange.

Key Results: A total of 131 sweet orange AP2/ERF genes were identified and categorized into five groups.

A whole-body imaging technique for tumor-specific diagnostics and screening of B7-H3-targeted therapies.

Background: B7-H3 or CD276 is notably overexpressed in various malignant tumor cells in humans, with extremely high expression rates. The development of a radiotracer that targets B7-H3 may provide a universal tumor-specific imaging agent and allow the noninvasive assessment of the whole-body distribution of B7-H3-expressing lesions.

Methods: We enhanced and optimized the structure of an affibody (ABY) that targets B7-H3 to create the radiolabeled radiotracer [68Ga]Ga-B7H3-BCH, and then, we conducted both foundational experiments and clinical translational studies.