Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing and mitochondrial transcriptomic changes as early triggers of metabolic disease in db/db mice.

Animal models of diabetes, such as db/db mice, are a useful tool for deciphering the genetic background of molecular changes at the initial stages of disease development. Our goal was to find early transcriptomic changes in three tissues involved in metabolism regulation in db/db mice: adipose tissue, muscle tissue and liver tissue. Nine animals (three per time point) were studied.

Mitochondrial genome variations, mitochondrial-nuclear compatibility, and their association with metabolic diseases.

Two genomes regulate the energy metabolism of eukaryotic cells: the nuclear genome, which codes for most cellular proteins, and the mitochondrial genome, which, together with the nuclear genome, coregulates cellular bioenergetics. Therefore, mitochondrial genome variations can affect, directly or indirectly, all energy-dependent cellular processes and shape the metabolic state of the organism. This review provides a current and up-to-date overview on how codependent these two genomes are, how they appear to have coevolved, and how variations within the mitochondrial genome might be associated with the manifestation of metabolic diseases.

Mutation search within monogenic diabetes genes in Polish patients with long-term type 1 diabetes and preserved kidney function.

Introduction: Some patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are free from advanced complications despite long‑standing disease. These patients may be carriers of gene mutations responsible for maturity‑onset diabetes of the young and may have been misdiagnosed with T1DM.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with long‑term T1DM, without advanced microvascular complications, and with well‑preserved kidney function.

The transcriptome-wide association search for genes and genetic variants which associate with BMI and gestational weight gain in women with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Clinical data suggest that BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) are strongly interconnected phenotypes; however, the genetic basis of the latter is rather unclear. Here we aim to find genes and genetic variants which influence BMI and/or GWG.

Methods: We have genotyped 316 type 1 diabetics using Illumina Infinium Omni Express Exome-8 v1.

The Gut Microbiota Profile According to Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Patients Treated with Personal Insulin Pumps.

Recently, several studies explored associations between type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and microbiota. The aim of our study was to assess the colonic microbiota structure according to the metabolic control in T1DM patients treated with insulin pumps. We studied 89 T1DM patients (50.

Next-Generation Sequencing as a Tool to Detect Vaginal Microbiota Disturbances during Pregnancy.

The physiological microbiota of the vagina is responsible for providing a protective barrier, but Some factors can disturb the balance in its composition. At that time, the amounts of the genus decrease, which may lead to the development of infection and severe complications during pregnancy. The aim of the study was the analysis of the bacterial composition of the vagina in 32 Caucasian women at each trimester of pregnancy using the next-generation sequencing method and primers targeting V3-V4 regions.

Mitochondrial GWAS and association of nuclear - mitochondrial epistasis with BMI in T1DM patients.

Background: BMI is a strong indicator of complications from type I diabetes, especially under intensive treatment.

Methods: We have genotyped 435 type 1 diabetics using Illumina Infinium Omni Express Exome-8 v1.4 arrays and performed mitoGWAS on BMI.

Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota Are Seen Following Treatment with Infliximab in Children with Crohn's Disease.

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of biological treatment with tumor necrosis factor α antibodies (anti-TNF-α) on the intestinal microbiome of children with severe Crohn's disease (CD) and to evaluate the differences in the intestinal microbiome between patients treated with biological therapy and healthy children. Microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S next-generation sequencing (NGS) and microbial profiles were compared between studied groups. Fifty-four samples (from 18 patients before and after anti-TNF-α induction therapy and 18 healthy children) were used in the sequencing analysis.

NPWT in diabetic foot wounds-a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Purpose: Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is an adjunct modality in diabetic foot ulcerations (DFUs). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown its advantage over standard approaches; however, data from observational studies remain scarce.We performed a systematic review of observational non-RCTs evaluating NPWT efficacy and safety in patients with DFU.

Differences in the intestinal microbiome of healthy children and patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease.

The aetiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) seems to be strongly connected to changes in the enteral microbiome. The dysbiosis pattern seen in Crohn's disease (CD) differs among published studies depending on patients' age, disease phenotype and microbiome research methods. The aims was to investigate microbiome in treatment-naive paediatric patients to get an insight into its structure at the early stage of the disease in comparison to healthy.

Effects of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy on Levels of Angiopoetin-2 and Other Selected Circulating Signaling Molecules in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Background And Aims: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are linked to amputations and premature deaths. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been used for DFUs. The mechanism of NPWT's action may be associated with its influence on circulating molecules.

The utility of MODY Probability Calculator in probands of families with early-onset autosomal dominant diabetes from Poland.

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) accounts for 1-2% of all diabetes cases. Unfortunately, circa 90% of MODY cases are misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. A proper genetic diagnosis based on automatic sequencing is crucial for the use of a tailored treatment.

DNA methylation analysis of negative pressure therapy effect in diabetic foot ulcers.

Objective: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been used to treat diabetic foot ulcerations (DFUs). Its action on the molecular level, however, is only partially understood. Some earlier data suggested NPWT may be mediated through modification of local gene expression.

Negative pressure wound therapy in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers may be mediated through differential gene expression.

Aims: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been successfully used as a treatment for diabetic foot ulceration (DFU). Its mechanism of action on the molecular level, however, is not fully understood. We assessed the effect of NPWT on gene expression in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and DFU.

Negative-pressure wound therapy for management of chronic neuropathic noninfected diabetic foot ulcerations - short-term efficacy and long-term outcomes.

Purpose: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is an adjunct method used in the treatment of diabetic foot ulceration (DFU). Real world data on its effectiveness and safety is scarce. In this prospective observational study, we assessed the short-term efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of NPWT in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and neuropathic, noninfected DFUs.

How much of the predisposition to Hashimoto's thyroiditis can be explained based on previously reported associations?

Purpose: Our insight in the genetics of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has become clearer through information provided by genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies, but remains still not fully understood. Our aim was to assess how many different genetic risk variants contribute to the development of HT.

Methods: 147 HT cases (10.

Characteristics of gut microbiota in adult patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes based on next‑generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment.

Introduction Scientific data indicate a possible influence of gut microbiota on the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively). Sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA identified several hundred bacterial species of the intestinal ecosystem, most of which cannot be cultured. Objectives We aimed to evaluate gut microbiota composition in adult patients with T1DM and T2DM and establish a link between microbiological test results and patients' clinical data.

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion vs multiple daily injections in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies.

Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown an advantage of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) over multiple daily injections (MDI) in the general type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) population. RCT data on T1DM management in pregnancy remain limited.

Objective: We performed a systematic review of both RCTs and non-RCTs evaluating CSII vs MDI in T1DM-complicated pregnancy.