Maturation of the vertebral ring apophysis is delayed in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis compared to the normal population.

Purpose: The ring apophysis is a secondary ossification center on both sides of each vertebral body, to which the annulus of the intervertebral disc inserts. Recently, its pattern of ossification and fusion to the vertebral body was described for the normal growing spine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ossification and fusion of the ring apophysis in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and compare it to the normal growing population.

Thoracic Morphology and Bronchial Narrowing Are Related to Pulmonary Function in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Background: In adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), lung function impairment is not necessarily related to the coronal spinal deformity. Recently, right-sided bronchial narrowing has been reported in thoracic AIS. The aim of this study was to describe the relation of chest and spinal deformity parameters, bronchial narrowing, and lung volumes with pulmonary function in preoperative AIS.

Anterior lengthening in scoliosis occurs only in the disc and is similar in different types of scoliosis.

Background Context: Relative anterior spinal overgrowth was proposed as a generalized growth disturbance and a potential initiator of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, anterior lengthening has also been observed in neuromuscular (NM) scoliosis and was shown to be restricted to the apical areas and located in the intervertebral discs, not in the bone. This suggests that relative anterior spinal overgrowth does not rightfully describe anterior lengthening in scoliosis, as it seems not a generalized active growth phenomenon, nor specific to AIS.

Surgical Outcomes of Anterior Versus Posterior Fusion in Lenke Type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objective: To describe surgical results in two and three dimensions and patient-reported outcomes of scoliosis treatment for Lenke type 1 idiopathic curves with an open anterior or posterior approach.

Summary Of Background Data: Different surgical techniques have been described to prevent curve progression and to restore spinal alignment in idiopathic scoliosis.

Three-dimensional pelvic incidence is much higher in (thoraco)lumbar scoliosis than in controls.

Purpose: The pelvic incidence (PI) is used to describe the sagittal spino-pelvic alignment. In previous studies, radiographs were used, leading to less accuracy in establishing the three-dimensional (3D) spino-pelvic parameters. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in the 3D sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) subjects and non-scoliotic controls.

Vertebral Axial Asymmetry in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objectives: To investigate parameters of axial vertebral deformation in patients with scoliosis compared to a control group, and to determine whether these parameters correlated with the severity of spine curvature, measured as the Cobb angle.

Summary Of Background Data: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of spinal deformity.

Anterior Spinal Overgrowth Is the Result of the Scoliotic Mechanism and Is Located in the Disc.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the presence and magnitude of anterior spinal overgrowth in neuromuscular scoliosis and compare this with the same measurements in idiopathic scoliosis and healthy spines.

Summary Of Background Data: Anterior spinal overgrowth has been described as a potential driver for the onset and progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

A Comparison of Cobb Angle: Standing Versus Supine Images of Late-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Background: Scoliosis is traditionally evaluated by measuring the Cobb angle in radiograph images taken while the patient is standing. However, low-dose computed tomography (CT) images, which are taken while the patient is in a supine position, provide new opportunities to evaluate scoliosis. Few studies have investigated how the patient's position, standing or supine, affects measurements.

Fully automatic measurements of axial vertebral rotation for assessment of spinal deformity in idiopathic scoliosis.

Reliable measurements of spinal deformities in idiopathic scoliosis are vital, since they are used for assessing the degree of scoliosis, deciding upon treatment and monitoring the progression of the disease. However, commonly used two dimensional methods (e.g.