Impacts of agroecological practices on soil microbial communities in experimental open-field vegetable cropping systems.

This study aimed to determine the impact of different agroecological practices on the composition and diversity of edaphic bacterial and fungal communities. We designed two experimental agroecological vegetable cropping systems and analyzed their effects on soil microbial communities by pyrosequencing the 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. Our results highlighted modifications to the Operational Taxonomic Units in both experimental systems compared with bare soil, particularly for the phyla Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, Bacteroidetes, and Mucoromycota.

Phytochemical and Biological Study of Trophic Interaction between L. Larvae and L.

In this article, we propose to explore the chemical interaction between L. and L. using different analytical methods, including an innovative electrochemical approach (called electrochemical ecology) and multivariate analysis, and we investigate the potential antimicrobial effects (antibacterial and antifungal activities) of this interaction in order to gain a better understanding of their specific interaction.

KaruBioNet: a network and discussion group for a better collaboration and structuring of bioinformatics in Guadeloupe (French West Indies).

Summary: Sequencing and other biological data are now more frequently available and at a lower price. Mutual tools and strategies are needed to analyze the huge amount of heterogeneous data generated by several research teams and devices. Bioinformatics represents a growing field in the scientific community globally.

Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Virulent and Attenuated Strains Highlighted Strong Regulation of - and Metabolism Related Genes.

The obligate intracellular pathogenic bacterium, , is the causal agent of heartwater, a fatal disease in ruminants transmitted by ticks. So far, three strains have been attenuated by successive passages in mammalian cells. The attenuated strains have improved capacity for growth , whereas they induced limited clinical signs and conferred strong protection against homologous challenge.

Evaluation of changes to the Rickettsia rickettsii transcriptome during mammalian infection.

The lifecycle of Rickettsia rickettsii includes infection of both mammalian and arthropod hosts, with each environment presenting distinct challenges to survival. As such, these pathogens likely have distinctive transcriptional strategies for infection of each host. Herein, we report the utilization of next generation sequencing (RNAseq) and bioinformatic analysis techniques to examine the global transcriptional profile of R.

Failure of a heterologous recombinant Sca5/OmpB protein-based vaccine to elicit effective protective immunity against Rickettsia rickettsii infections in C3H/HeN mice.

Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsial species are obligate intracellular tick-borne pathogens that are responsible for important human diseases. Previous reports have demonstrated the feasibility of using recombinant surface cell antigen Sca5/OmpB to elicit protective immunity against homologous challenges using murine models of Mediterranean spotted fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. In addition, the feasibility of generating cross-protective immunity against related rickettsial species has also been established, but the molecular basis for these phenomena was not explored.

Understanding Anaplasmataceae pathogenesis using "Omics" approaches.

This paper examines how "Omics" approaches improve our understanding of Anaplasmataceae pathogenesis, through a global and integrative strategy to identify genes and proteins involved in biochemical pathways key for pathogen-host-vector interactions. The Anaplasmataceae family comprises obligate intracellular bacteria mainly transmitted by arthropods. These bacteria are responsible for major human and animal endemic and emerging infectious diseases with important economic and public health impacts.

Tick-borne diseases in cattle: applications of proteomics to develop new generation vaccines.

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) affect 80% of the world's cattle population, hampering livestock production throughout the world. Livestock industry is important to rural populations not only as food supply, but also as a source of income. Tick control is usually achieved by using acaricides which are expensive, deleterious to the environment and can induce chemical resistance of vectors; the development of more effective and sustainable control methods is therefore required.

A new typing technique for the Rickettsiales Ehrlichia ruminantium: multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis.

Ehrlichia ruminantium (ER) is a member of the order Rickettsiales transmitted by Amblyomma ticks. This obligatory intracellular bacterium is the causative agent of a fatal disease in ruminants, named heartwater. It represents a constraint on breeding development in sub-Saharan Africa and in the Caribbean.

Global gene expression profiling of Ehrlichia ruminantium at different stages of development.

Ehrlichia ruminantium (ER), the causative agent of heartwater on ruminants, is an obligate intracellular bacterium transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma. Previous studies have shown that early stages of development may be critical for Ehrlichia pathogenicity. To gain insights into the biology of intracellular ER, we determined the genome-wide transcriptional profile of ER replicating inside bovine aortic endothelial cells using DNA microarrays.